2015年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)答案：仔細(xì)閱讀答案部分（試卷一）
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Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.
Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.
Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3:30 a.m.
Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.
Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.
Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.
The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
參考答案及解析
61題，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案選A——They areculture-related.
62題，由題干的大寫(xiě)名詞Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day”這一句是干擾句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他們比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’sother late nights and early mornings generally coincided withpublic holidays”，所以答案為C——They don’t sleep much onholidays。
63題，題干問(wèn)的是歐洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由題干的大寫(xiě)名詞Europeans’loss定位到倒數(shù)第二段的“comparedto Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hourand a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup”，原文的Germans, Italians, and theFrench就是題干中“Europeans”的同義改寫(xiě)，而他們stayed up就是為了to watch theCup，所以說(shuō)他們?nèi)狈λ叩脑虮闶荂選項(xiàng)——The World Cup。
64題，問(wèn)的是富有的人使用設(shè)備來(lái)記錄他們的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只說(shuō)到了記錄的事實(shí)，而非其原因。按照四級(jí)閱讀金三句原則看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person”，記錄睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——Theywant to get sufficient sleep.
65題，問(wèn)的是作者在最后一段所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人們對(duì)健康的意識(shí)是缺乏的，對(duì)健康是視而不見(jiàn)的，所以答案選B——Fewpeople really know the importance of sleep.
提示：考試采取"多題多卷"模式，試題順序不統(tǒng)一，請(qǐng)依據(jù)試題進(jìn)行核對(duì)。
Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.
Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.
Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3:30 a.m.
Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.
Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.
Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.
The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
參考答案及解析
61題，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案選A——They areculture-related.
62題，由題干的大寫(xiě)名詞Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day”這一句是干擾句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他們比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’sother late nights and early mornings generally coincided withpublic holidays”，所以答案為C——They don’t sleep much onholidays。
63題，題干問(wèn)的是歐洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由題干的大寫(xiě)名詞Europeans’loss定位到倒數(shù)第二段的“comparedto Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hourand a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup”，原文的Germans, Italians, and theFrench就是題干中“Europeans”的同義改寫(xiě)，而他們stayed up就是為了to watch theCup，所以說(shuō)他們?nèi)狈λ叩脑虮闶荂選項(xiàng)——The World Cup。
64題，問(wèn)的是富有的人使用設(shè)備來(lái)記錄他們的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只說(shuō)到了記錄的事實(shí)，而非其原因。按照四級(jí)閱讀金三句原則看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person”，記錄睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——Theywant to get sufficient sleep.
65題，問(wèn)的是作者在最后一段所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人們對(duì)健康的意識(shí)是缺乏的，對(duì)健康是視而不見(jiàn)的，所以答案選B——Fewpeople really know the importance of sleep.
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