There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronun-
    ciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the
    fact that pronunciation is learnt ‘naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography __1__
    is learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech sounds __2__
    like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock when we __3__
    firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we recognize at once, __4__
    whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We __5__
    begin the ‘natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to
    read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and __6__
    practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every __7__
    day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult English spelling.
    This is ‘ natural’, therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our im- __8__
    mediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates a means of holding a
    community and to give a sense of ‘belonging’. We learn quite early to recognize a __9__
    ‘stranger’, someone who speaks with an accent of a different community—perhaps
    only a few miles far. __10__
    參考答案及解析:
    1. 將and改為whereas/but/yet
    2. 將with改為of
    unconscious of 是固定搭配。
    3. 刪掉out
    speak out 意思為“大膽地說(shuō)”，“大聲地說(shuō)”，與此處意思不符。
    4. 將firstly改為first
    5. 將which改為that或者將which刪掉。限制性定語(yǔ)從句前面的先行詞是something，因此要用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。也可以將which刪掉，不用任何引導(dǎo)詞。
    6. 將went改為go
    7. 刪掉per或者every
    8. 將This改為It
    It在此處做形式主語(yǔ)，后面的that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。
    9. 在community后面加together
    此處的大意為“語(yǔ)音是把社區(qū)團(tuán)結(jié)在一起的工具”。
    10. 將far改為away
    “只有幾英里遠(yuǎn)”應(yīng)是 a few miles away。