16. rob v. 搶劫;非法剝奪
1)He was robbed twice in the downtown area. (他在鬧市區(qū)兩次被搶。)
2)A jewelry store was robbed last night. (昨晚一家珠寶店遭搶劫。)
3)She was robbed of her purse on the bus. (在公共汽車上,她的錢包被搶。)
4)The pain robbed him of sleep. (疼痛使他不能入睡。)
5)The child was robbed of an opportunity to see his mother. (那孩子被剝奪了見母親的機會。)
17. fraud n. 欺騙;騙局
1)He obtained the money by fraud. (他騙得了那筆錢。)
2)His explanation was nothing but a fraud. (他的解釋完全是騙人的鬼話。)
3)What he did was a fraud on the customers. (他的所為是對顧客的一種欺騙行為。)
18. swindle v. 詐騙 n. 詐騙行為
1)He tried to swindle the insurance company. (他欺騙詐騙保險公司。)
2)Some old people are easily swindled. (有些老人很容易受騙。)
3)The boy swindled the old man out of his money. (那個男孩騙取了老先生的錢財。)
4)The big bank swindle involved a lot of people. (許多人與這起詐騙銀行的大案有牽連。)
19. honesty n. 誠實;坦率
在第十四單元中我們學(xué)過副詞honestly.honest是個形容詞。-y是名詞后綴,加在動詞或形容詞后面可以構(gòu)成名詞。
如:delivery, discovery, recovery, flattery, modesty, jealousy.
如果我們在honest, honesty前面加上前綴dis-則可以構(gòu)成反義詞。
1)His honesty wins him a lot of friends. (他的誠實贏得了許多朋友。)
2)In all honesty I'm at my wit’s end. (說實話,我現(xiàn)在是智窮計盡。)
3)He is honest to his friends (他對朋友很真誠。)
4)Nobody wanted to have anything to do with this dishonest chap. (誰都不想與這個不誠實的家伙打交道。)
5)His dishonesty gave his parents a shock. (他的不誠實令他的父母大為吃驚。)
20. probably adv. 很可能,大概,或許
probable adj. 有可能
probability n. 可能性
1)He will probably refuse your help. (他很可能會拒絕你的幫助。)
2)Their team will probably win the game. (他們隊或許會贏得這場比賽。)
3)It's probable that they will come earlier. (他們可能會早點來。)
4)Overloading was the probable cause of the accident. (超載是事故的可能起因。)
5)There is no probability that he will succeed. (他不可能成功。)
6)There is every probability that she will make a fuss over the matter. (她很可能對此事大驚小怪。)
本課簡介
在本篇課文中作者告訴我們并不只是粗野之人才犯罪,生活中看似無大礙的事情往往有違法律。現(xiàn)實生活是復(fù)雜的,不可能像在電影中一樣,簡單地把人分為好人和壞人。如同疾病可以輕至感冒重至癌癥一樣,犯罪行為也是有程度的輕重的。人們會對某些違法行為持寬容態(tài)度,這也許是因為人們想借此來為自己的某些違法行為開脫。另外,報刊、電視上的暴力使得人們對犯罪司空見慣。在許多情況下,人們不忍去傷害一個具體的人,而對某個不甚具體的群體或個體加以傷害卻并不在意。人們對于違法行為的種種錯誤認(rèn)識必須得以糾正。嚴(yán)法酷刑、警方的嚴(yán)加防范也許都不能使人完全免于犯罪,變得誠實,每一個人都應(yīng)從自己做起,使我們的社會成為一個文明的法制社會。
本課語言點
1. Who do you think breaks the law in our society?
本句中do you think是個插入語,插入語用于問句中在英語中也是十分常見的,如:
1) What performance do you think they will put on? (你認(rèn)為他們會表演什么節(jié)目?)
2) When do you suppose they will see us? (你認(rèn)為他們什么時候會見我們?)
3) Where do you suggest we should go during the holiday? (你建議我們假期去哪兒?)
4) How long did he say he would spend on that book? (他說他要在那本書上花多長時間?)
5) What do you suggest he should do to make up for the loss? (為了彌補損失,你建議他該做些什么?)
2. Has anyone you know ever driven drunk?
本句中的drunk是個過去分詞,在句子中做狀語,修飾謂語動詞driven,說明動作發(fā)生的情況。這類用法也十分常見,如:
1) He turned away disappointed. (他失望地走開了。)
2) They went home exhausted. (他們回到家里已筋疲力盡了。)
3) We joined in the discussion unprepared. (我們毫無準(zhǔn)備地加入了討論。)
Ever是個常用詞,在使用該詞時,常有人犯各種錯誤。我們來看一下ever的主要用法。
1)表示將來或過去的任何時間。用于否定句、疑問句、條件句中:
Have you ever been to Paris? (你去過巴黎嗎?)
Nothing ever makes him happier. (從沒有什么事會使他更開心。)
If you are ever in China, please let me know. (如果你什么時候在中國,請讓我知道。)
2) 用于表示比較的從句中:
It is raining harder than ever. (雨越下越大了。)
This is the highest mountain I have ever climbed. (這是我所爬過的高的山。)
The last I ever met him was in Nanjing. (我后遇見他是在南京。)
3) 用于特殊疑問句中,表示“究竟”,“到底”,“用任何方式”等:
How can I ever thank you? (我究竟怎樣才能感謝你?)
Who ever can it be? (那究竟會是誰呢?)
Why ever did you say so? (你究竟為什么這樣說?)
4)表示“總是”;“不斷地”;“永遠(yuǎn)”:
He is ever ready to help others. (他總是樂于幫助他人。)
The little boy is ever making the same mistakes. (那個小男孩總是犯同樣的錯誤。)
Everybody was amazed at her ever youthful face. (每一個人都為她永遠(yuǎn)年輕的容貌感到驚奇。)
3. Won't some of your frends admit that they have stolen an item from a store?
請注意本句中的動詞admit的用法。admit做及物動詞用時,表示“承認(rèn)”,“確認(rèn)”,“接納”。Admit做不及物動詞用時,表示“通往”;“承認(rèn)”
1) He admitted threatening Larry. (他承認(rèn)恐嚇了拉里。)
2) The young man was admitted to Harvard. (那位年輕人被哈佛錄取了。)
3) This door admits to the backyard. (這扇門通向后院。)
4) He admitted to having broken the vase. (他承認(rèn)打碎了花瓶。)
5) The shop assistant admitted that she had taken the money. (店員承認(rèn)是她拿了錢。)
4. in case you did not know, all of these acts are against the law.本句話的意思是“如果你以前不知道,所有這些行為都是違法的?!?BR> in case用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句和目的狀語從句,在從句中,動詞可以用虛擬語氣,形式為should+動詞原形,也可以不用虛擬語氣,而用動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時,如:
1) Please remind me of it in case I (should) forget. (萬一我忘了,請?zhí)嵝盐摇#?BR> 2) You had better leave the key at home in case I (should) think of coming back.
(你好把鑰匙留在家里以免我想回來。)
5. In the same way that diseases range from the common cold to fatal forms of cancer, crimes vary in degree.
本句中的range from和vary在前面的課文中都已出現(xiàn)過,再請看幾個例句。
1) The participants range in age from 14 to 65. (參加者的年齡從14歲到65歲不等。)
2) The flavour of food varies from place to place. (食品的風(fēng)味各地都不同。)
Crimes vary in degree in the same way that…that引導(dǎo)的是一個同位語從句對way作進(jìn)一步的說明。in the same way意思是“以同樣的方式”。
1)We would do it in the same way that you did last time. (我們將用你上次所用的同樣方法來做這件事。)
2)The teacher talked to the boy in the same way that his teacher had talked to him years ago.
(那位老師用多年前他的老師與他交談的方式同那個男孩談話。)
1)He was robbed twice in the downtown area. (他在鬧市區(qū)兩次被搶。)
2)A jewelry store was robbed last night. (昨晚一家珠寶店遭搶劫。)
3)She was robbed of her purse on the bus. (在公共汽車上,她的錢包被搶。)
4)The pain robbed him of sleep. (疼痛使他不能入睡。)
5)The child was robbed of an opportunity to see his mother. (那孩子被剝奪了見母親的機會。)
17. fraud n. 欺騙;騙局
1)He obtained the money by fraud. (他騙得了那筆錢。)
2)His explanation was nothing but a fraud. (他的解釋完全是騙人的鬼話。)
3)What he did was a fraud on the customers. (他的所為是對顧客的一種欺騙行為。)
18. swindle v. 詐騙 n. 詐騙行為
1)He tried to swindle the insurance company. (他欺騙詐騙保險公司。)
2)Some old people are easily swindled. (有些老人很容易受騙。)
3)The boy swindled the old man out of his money. (那個男孩騙取了老先生的錢財。)
4)The big bank swindle involved a lot of people. (許多人與這起詐騙銀行的大案有牽連。)
19. honesty n. 誠實;坦率
在第十四單元中我們學(xué)過副詞honestly.honest是個形容詞。-y是名詞后綴,加在動詞或形容詞后面可以構(gòu)成名詞。
如:delivery, discovery, recovery, flattery, modesty, jealousy.
如果我們在honest, honesty前面加上前綴dis-則可以構(gòu)成反義詞。
1)His honesty wins him a lot of friends. (他的誠實贏得了許多朋友。)
2)In all honesty I'm at my wit’s end. (說實話,我現(xiàn)在是智窮計盡。)
3)He is honest to his friends (他對朋友很真誠。)
4)Nobody wanted to have anything to do with this dishonest chap. (誰都不想與這個不誠實的家伙打交道。)
5)His dishonesty gave his parents a shock. (他的不誠實令他的父母大為吃驚。)
20. probably adv. 很可能,大概,或許
probable adj. 有可能
probability n. 可能性
1)He will probably refuse your help. (他很可能會拒絕你的幫助。)
2)Their team will probably win the game. (他們隊或許會贏得這場比賽。)
3)It's probable that they will come earlier. (他們可能會早點來。)
4)Overloading was the probable cause of the accident. (超載是事故的可能起因。)
5)There is no probability that he will succeed. (他不可能成功。)
6)There is every probability that she will make a fuss over the matter. (她很可能對此事大驚小怪。)
本課簡介
在本篇課文中作者告訴我們并不只是粗野之人才犯罪,生活中看似無大礙的事情往往有違法律。現(xiàn)實生活是復(fù)雜的,不可能像在電影中一樣,簡單地把人分為好人和壞人。如同疾病可以輕至感冒重至癌癥一樣,犯罪行為也是有程度的輕重的。人們會對某些違法行為持寬容態(tài)度,這也許是因為人們想借此來為自己的某些違法行為開脫。另外,報刊、電視上的暴力使得人們對犯罪司空見慣。在許多情況下,人們不忍去傷害一個具體的人,而對某個不甚具體的群體或個體加以傷害卻并不在意。人們對于違法行為的種種錯誤認(rèn)識必須得以糾正。嚴(yán)法酷刑、警方的嚴(yán)加防范也許都不能使人完全免于犯罪,變得誠實,每一個人都應(yīng)從自己做起,使我們的社會成為一個文明的法制社會。
本課語言點
1. Who do you think breaks the law in our society?
本句中do you think是個插入語,插入語用于問句中在英語中也是十分常見的,如:
1) What performance do you think they will put on? (你認(rèn)為他們會表演什么節(jié)目?)
2) When do you suppose they will see us? (你認(rèn)為他們什么時候會見我們?)
3) Where do you suggest we should go during the holiday? (你建議我們假期去哪兒?)
4) How long did he say he would spend on that book? (他說他要在那本書上花多長時間?)
5) What do you suggest he should do to make up for the loss? (為了彌補損失,你建議他該做些什么?)
2. Has anyone you know ever driven drunk?
本句中的drunk是個過去分詞,在句子中做狀語,修飾謂語動詞driven,說明動作發(fā)生的情況。這類用法也十分常見,如:
1) He turned away disappointed. (他失望地走開了。)
2) They went home exhausted. (他們回到家里已筋疲力盡了。)
3) We joined in the discussion unprepared. (我們毫無準(zhǔn)備地加入了討論。)
Ever是個常用詞,在使用該詞時,常有人犯各種錯誤。我們來看一下ever的主要用法。
1)表示將來或過去的任何時間。用于否定句、疑問句、條件句中:
Have you ever been to Paris? (你去過巴黎嗎?)
Nothing ever makes him happier. (從沒有什么事會使他更開心。)
If you are ever in China, please let me know. (如果你什么時候在中國,請讓我知道。)
2) 用于表示比較的從句中:
It is raining harder than ever. (雨越下越大了。)
This is the highest mountain I have ever climbed. (這是我所爬過的高的山。)
The last I ever met him was in Nanjing. (我后遇見他是在南京。)
3) 用于特殊疑問句中,表示“究竟”,“到底”,“用任何方式”等:
How can I ever thank you? (我究竟怎樣才能感謝你?)
Who ever can it be? (那究竟會是誰呢?)
Why ever did you say so? (你究竟為什么這樣說?)
4)表示“總是”;“不斷地”;“永遠(yuǎn)”:
He is ever ready to help others. (他總是樂于幫助他人。)
The little boy is ever making the same mistakes. (那個小男孩總是犯同樣的錯誤。)
Everybody was amazed at her ever youthful face. (每一個人都為她永遠(yuǎn)年輕的容貌感到驚奇。)
3. Won't some of your frends admit that they have stolen an item from a store?
請注意本句中的動詞admit的用法。admit做及物動詞用時,表示“承認(rèn)”,“確認(rèn)”,“接納”。Admit做不及物動詞用時,表示“通往”;“承認(rèn)”
1) He admitted threatening Larry. (他承認(rèn)恐嚇了拉里。)
2) The young man was admitted to Harvard. (那位年輕人被哈佛錄取了。)
3) This door admits to the backyard. (這扇門通向后院。)
4) He admitted to having broken the vase. (他承認(rèn)打碎了花瓶。)
5) The shop assistant admitted that she had taken the money. (店員承認(rèn)是她拿了錢。)
4. in case you did not know, all of these acts are against the law.本句話的意思是“如果你以前不知道,所有這些行為都是違法的?!?BR> in case用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句和目的狀語從句,在從句中,動詞可以用虛擬語氣,形式為should+動詞原形,也可以不用虛擬語氣,而用動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時,如:
1) Please remind me of it in case I (should) forget. (萬一我忘了,請?zhí)嵝盐摇#?BR> 2) You had better leave the key at home in case I (should) think of coming back.
(你好把鑰匙留在家里以免我想回來。)
5. In the same way that diseases range from the common cold to fatal forms of cancer, crimes vary in degree.
本句中的range from和vary在前面的課文中都已出現(xiàn)過,再請看幾個例句。
1) The participants range in age from 14 to 65. (參加者的年齡從14歲到65歲不等。)
2) The flavour of food varies from place to place. (食品的風(fēng)味各地都不同。)
Crimes vary in degree in the same way that…that引導(dǎo)的是一個同位語從句對way作進(jìn)一步的說明。in the same way意思是“以同樣的方式”。
1)We would do it in the same way that you did last time. (我們將用你上次所用的同樣方法來做這件事。)
2)The teacher talked to the boy in the same way that his teacher had talked to him years ago.
(那位老師用多年前他的老師與他交談的方式同那個男孩談話。)