考研英語備考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是該注意的，下面由出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為你精心準(zhǔn)備了“2021考研英語：寫作的高效技巧”，持續(xù)關(guān)注本站將可以持續(xù)獲取更多的考試資訊!
    2021考研英語：寫作的高效技巧
    一、研習(xí)
    研習(xí)主要側(cè)重兩個(gè)方面，包括文章章法和語言表達(dá)。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局謀篇、結(jié)構(gòu)安排、邏輯順序。許多考研學(xué)子面對(duì)一個(gè)話題，可能存在兩種不同的困惑，一是下筆千言，但離題萬里;二是思緒萬千，卻無從落筆。所謂研習(xí)，需要有獨(dú)立思考和個(gè)人的判斷，本著“他山之石，可以攻玉”的精神，汲取文章的精華部分加以研究。下面就一篇文章給大家進(jìn)行以下研習(xí)的練習(xí)。
    Directions:
    Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
    1) describe the drawing briefly,
    2) explain its intended meaning, and
    3) give your comments.
    You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
    【高分范文】
    Water used to be mistaken to be an unlimited and renewable resource. Actually, water resource is very limited and precious. It is fortunate that now the public is starting to pay attention①. Just as is depicted in the picture, just like saving money, the lovely and smiling piggy bank is collecting every drop of water falling from the water tap.
    However, water shortage is still a serious problem threatening the existence and survival of the whole human being, and yet the phenomenon of wasting water can still easily be found anywhere in our daily life②. For example, water taps are frequently left on by careless users. Someone even assumes that they have the right to waste water because they pay for it so that it has nothing to do with others. In fact, so precious is water that we cannot afford to waste it③. Water resource is indispensable④ not only in our daily life but also in the industry and agriculture. And water is the wealth of the whole mankind, and it is hard to imagine what the world would be like⑤ when there is no more water.
    Even though an increasing number of people have become aware of⑥ this emergency, further measures still need to be taken. On the macro level, the whole world should make a joint effort to fight against waste of water. On the micro level, publicizing activities, such as broadcasting wonderful ways on how to save water on TV and other media, should be conducted. To store water means to store happiness and only by saving water can we save a better life for our offspring.
    【佳作翻譯】
    水資源一度被誤認(rèn)為是一種無限的可再生資源，實(shí)際上，水資源是非常有限且寶貴的。 有幸的是現(xiàn)在公眾開始關(guān)注這一問題了。如圖所示，一只可愛的快樂小豬存錢罐積攢著水龍 頭里流出的每一滴水，就像存錢一樣。
    然而，水資源短缺問題仍然威脅著全人類的生存和發(fā)展。浪費(fèi)水的現(xiàn)象在日常生活中仍然隨處可見。例如，經(jīng)常有粗心大意者忘記關(guān)水龍頭。更有甚者認(rèn)為自己繳了水費(fèi)就有權(quán)浪費(fèi)，與他人無關(guān)。事實(shí)上，水資源不僅在生活中必不可少，在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中也是不可或缺的。 水資源是全人類共同的財(cái)富，很難想象當(dāng)沒有水的時(shí)候世界會(huì)是什么樣子。
    雖然越來越多的人已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到了這種緊迫性，但是仍然要采取進(jìn)一步的措施。從宏觀層 面上講，全世界應(yīng)該共同努力反對(duì)浪費(fèi)水。從微觀層面上講，要進(jìn)行廣泛的宣傳活動(dòng)。比如 在電視臺(tái)播出關(guān)于如何節(jié)水的節(jié)目。節(jié)約用水就是存儲(chǔ)幸福，只有節(jié)約用水才能為子孫后代 存儲(chǔ)更好的生活。
    【佳作研習(xí)】
    ① It is fortunate that now the public is starting to pay attention: 來自于 2005 年閱讀真題，原句是這樣的：Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention。歷年真題是一座巨大的寶庫，廣大考生一定要學(xué)會(huì)充分利用這寶貴的資源!
    ② 第二段開頭，用了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞，也就是“起承轉(zhuǎn)合”中的所謂的“轉(zhuǎn)”，把這篇作文改造成了一篇社會(huì)問題型作文，也就是大家最擅長(zhǎng)寫的作文。
    ③ In fact, so precious is water that we cannot afford to waste it: 倒裝句， 表語提前，句子倒裝。
    倒裝句寫法：
    第一步：寫正常原句：Water is so precious that we cannot afford to waste it。
    第二步：表語 precious 提前。
    第三步：主謂倒置，變成 So precious is water that we cannot afford to waste it。 普通的 so…that…句型，也能被化腐朽為神奇，成為鉆石加分句型!
    ④ indispensable: 不可或缺的，替換 important 的一個(gè)很好的詞匯。
    順便講一個(gè)英譯漢的技巧：大家可以看到，在譯文中，這句話被翻譯兩次：必不可少、 不可或缺。 因?yàn)樵闹谐霈F(xiàn)了：not only…but also，所以這個(gè)單詞被拆開翻譯成了兩個(gè)近義詞， 以使行文更加通順。
    ⑤ what the world would be like：注意賓語從句必須用陳述語序。
    ⑥ become aware of: 意識(shí)到。意思和用法都等同于 be conscious of。后邊接詞語。
    二、仿寫
    當(dāng)我們對(duì)上面這篇文章經(jīng)過了認(rèn)真的研習(xí)之后，在自己寫文章時(shí)，應(yīng)有意識(shí)地調(diào)用以前的積累，正向遷移，融入自己的寫作，包括語言表達(dá)、文章章法、寫作技巧等，最終達(dá)到學(xué)以致用的目的。包括大家生活中見到優(yōu)秀的表達(dá)，比如：Not that I loved Caesar less， but that I loved Rome more. (不是我愛凱撒淺，而是我愛羅馬深。)這樣的經(jīng)典名句，當(dāng)寫作有關(guān)英語學(xué)習(xí)的文章時(shí)不妨模仿這個(gè)句式： Not that we can’t master English， but that we have not been willing to take pains.(不是我們不能掌握英語，而是我們不愿付出努力。) 模仿與借鑒為寫作所必須。
    總之，Good writing favors the prepared mind.(好的寫作總是照顧那些有準(zhǔn)備的人)。
    2021考研英語：作文亮點(diǎn)句子總結(jié)
    一、亮眼首句
    1、 As is symbolically illustrated in the cartoon …
    2、As is shown in the pie chart…
    這兩個(gè)句式用as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句引出圖畫或圖表內(nèi)容，意為"漫畫以象征的手法為我們闡述了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)……"，"正如餅狀圖顯示的那樣……"。
    3、From the picture we can see…
    該句式中的亮點(diǎn)是將介詞短語做狀語置于句首，不影響句子的整體結(jié)構(gòu)。
    4、 Portrayed in the set of drawings above are/is…
    5、Emerging from the drawing is a miracle:…
    6、 Described by the bar chart above are/is…
    這三個(gè)句式都是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，非常漂亮。放在篇首，能夠在茫?？季碇?，吸引閱讀組老師的眼球，分?jǐn)?shù)定會(huì)提升。
    7、The cartoonist laid out the image elaborately, placing...at the center of picture.
    8、 The implication conveyed in the cartoon is that…
    這兩個(gè)句式中使用了分詞結(jié)構(gòu)placing…和conveyed。大家在學(xué)考研語法時(shí)，知道分詞結(jié)構(gòu)是考研英語中的核心考點(diǎn)。如果在寫作中能夠靈活運(yùn)用這一核心考點(diǎn)，閱讀組老師自然會(huì)覺得咱們考生功底深厚，作文定能得到理想分?jǐn)?shù)。
    9、The photo exhibits us an eye-catching scene:…
    該句式用特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)(冒號(hào))引出圖畫描述的具體內(nèi)容。這樣的句式，比較方便，考生使用起來比較靈活。
    首段圖畫或圖表內(nèi)容描述清楚后，一定要在作文中提出自己對(duì)該現(xiàn)象或者哲理的看法或觀點(diǎn)，這樣的作文才有深度。
    一想到提出看法、觀點(diǎn)，同學(xué)們腦海中立刻浮現(xiàn)的句式" in my opinion"," from my point of view"，"as far as I am concerned"…。這些句式太過于平凡，無法讓閱卷組老師眼前一亮。那怎樣讓閱卷組老師歡喜呢?以下幾個(gè)句式，供大家學(xué)習(xí)：
    (1)It is undeniable that…(不可否認(rèn)……)
    (2) It is obvious that…(明顯的是……)
    (3) It occurs to me that…(我想到……)
    (4) I give my vote to the former/ the latter opinion. (我同意前者/后者的觀點(diǎn))
    (5) be supported by sound reasons(有充分的理由支持)
    (6)As the proverb goes…(正如諺語所說……)‘’
    二、點(diǎn)睛尾句
    1、It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to...
    例句：It is hoped that we should pay more attention to the problems of unemployment.
    2、Only in this way/only when/only through..., will/can we...
    例句：It is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want.
    3、 As long as..., we will be able to.../the problems is bound to...
    例句：As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life.
    4、In the course of time/In a long run/In the long term, sth. is more likely/bound/sure to...
    例句：In a long run, the practice of birth control is believed to do a great benefit to the future of China.
    5、In a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that...in time to come.
    例句：In a word, there is every chance that this wise move in economic construction will acquire a broader significance in time to come.
    6、Anything/anyone that/who...will have to...
    例句：Anyone who has a strong bias against China will have to threat her with increased respect.
    7、It is high time that...
    例句：It is high time that the issue were to be solved so as to promote the economic development.
    8、 We should do our best in eliminating...
    例句：We should do our best in eliminating air pollution.
    9、The problem is not...; the problem is...
    例句：The problem is not that we cannot do it; the problem is that we hate to do such nasty things.
    10、In order to..., we must...
    例句：In order to make our world a better place in which to live, we must learn to live in harmony with all wildlife species.
    11、All the above evidence/experience/ facts goes to show that...
    例句：All the above evidence goes to show that the birth of computer has benefited our life greatly.
    12、No surprising/ It is apparent that the task of...demands/requires/deserves immediate/serious/considerable attention/consideration.
    例句：It is, therefore, apparent that the task of fighting against corruption requires considerable consideration now.
    13、We can come to the conclusion that...
    例句：We can come to the conclusion that living on campus is the best way of learning independence, and of understanding other people and society at large.
    14、 We then have reasons to be confident that in the near future..
    例句：We then have reasons to be confident that in the near future, no child is forced out of school because of poverty.
    15、 My suggestion is that...; otherwise...
    例句：My suggestion is that effective measures should be taken to check population growth; otherwise, the potential consequences are unimaginable.
    16、As for me, I have always been taking care to... So, I...
    例句：As for me, I have always been taking care to choose a goal and a right path before doing anything important. Then I will work hard and perseveringly. So, I have made some achievements and I will do better.
    17、 So I believe a...tomorrow...will be achieved through efforts of every person.
    例句：So I believe a safe tomorrow of less car accidents will be achieved through efforts of every person.
    18、 Therefore, we should not only...but...as well.
    例句：Therefore, we should not only realize that competition and cooperation, like two sides of the coin, have to go hand in hand, but fix more attention on how to make full use of cooperation as well.
    19、In short, ...are the major problems to be solved to...
    例句：In short, shortage of water, decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution are the major problems to be solved to increase grain production.
    20、Who is to say that...?
    例句：Who is to say that our scientists may not provide a better theory?
    2021考研英語：作文該替換的高級(jí)詞匯
    一、單詞
    刻意的 intentional; on purpose; intended
    無資格的 disqualified
    無數(shù) innumerable; countless
    非常多(大)的tremendous
    過時(shí)的outdated; antiquated; outmoded; obsolete; anachronistic
    短暫的 ephemeral; transitory; transient; short-lived
    不合時(shí)宜的 anachronism
    可持久的 durable; able to stand wear; last a long time
    一再 time after time; again and again
    初始的 preliminary
    前述的 aforementioned; aforesaid; former
    限制 limit; restrict; refrain; restrain; keep within limits; confine; keep in check
    說服 convince; persuade; cause to believe
    具體的 specific; concrete; tangible
    年輕人 young people; youngster; youth; young adult
    時(shí)常 often; frequently; repeatedly
    永遠(yuǎn)的 eternal; perpetual; lasting throughout life
    支持 support; endorse; back up; uphold
    譴責(zé) condemn; express strong disapproval of
    錯(cuò)的 mistaken; erroneous; wrong incorrect
    錯(cuò)事 wrongdoing; had acts; misbehavior
    不會(huì)犯錯(cuò)的 infallible
    一致的 unanimous; in complete agreement
    不恰當(dāng) inappropriate; improper; unsuitable; inadequate
    批判 criticize; blame; find fault with; make judgments of the merits and faults of…
    有用的 useful; of use; serviceable; good for; instrumental; productive
    有意義的 meaningful; fulfilling
    否定 deny; withhold; negate
    承認(rèn) admit; acknowledge; confess; concede
    二、短語句型
    費(fèi)時(shí)間去了解…… take time to acquaint oneself with…
    ……是此問題的核心 …is at the root of the issue
    無法估計(jì) is beyond calculation; incalculable
    一些 a range of; a variety of; a series of; an array of
    許多 plenty of; many; much; a great deal of; a lot of; ample
    依序列舉 list in sequence
    自古到今 from ancient times to the present day; down through the ages
    一般而言 in general; generally speaking; by and large
    滿于現(xiàn)狀 be happy with what you are
    預(yù)測(cè)未來 project into the future
    另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是…… another way of looking at the matter is…
    不宜取笑…… it is not decent to make fun of…
    評(píng)估社會(huì)文化因素 assess (evaluate) sociocultural factors
    那并非說…… that does not mean that…
    那有這回事 there is no such thing as
    一個(gè)有待克服的困難是…… a major hurdle for us to overcome is…
    由……造成 caused by; attributable to; due to; resulting from
    由……組成 is made up of…; is comprised of; consist
    必須從兩方面考慮此問題 this problem needs to be considered on two dimensions:
    一般人認(rèn)為…… conventional wisdom suggests that…
    這方法有陷阱 the method had pitfalls:
    偶爾 from time to time; now and then; once in a while; at times
    重整辦事優(yōu)先順序 reshape priorities
    一次就可完成的事 one-time event
    做相反的 do the reverse of; do the opposite
    歸咎 blame…on; put the blame on …; …is to blame
    目前 so far; by far
    老式的 old-fashioned; out of date; dated
    瓦解 disintegrate; break up; separate into small parts
    支持某一方 in favor of; on the side of
    意見不和 clashes of opinion
    我們想念…… we are convinced that…; we are certain that..
    我愿意 I incline to; I am inclined to; I am willing to; I tend to
    他們不愿承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn) they have always been reluctant to admit this…
    在大家同意下 by common consent of…
    于事無補(bǔ) of no help; of no avail; no use
    使……受益 benefit…; do good to…; is good for…; is of great benefit to…
    想法 frame of mind; mind set; the way one is thinking
    想出，找出 come up with; find out
    利用 use; take advantage of