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    新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容Lesson88
    重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    1、if條件句(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
    本課主要對(duì)比復(fù)習(xí)第16課、第40課和第64課出現(xiàn)的if條件句的用法。
    其中，第14課是if引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句，而第40課和第64課是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，即虛擬語(yǔ)氣的內(nèi)容。如：
    If he attends the party, I will.
    If I were you, I would ask her to stay here for another week.
    If they had helped me, I would have already finished the work.
    【推薦閱讀】
    更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)查看下面的文章：
    條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法大全
    賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法大全
    2、有關(guān)run的短語(yǔ)
    本課的難點(diǎn)部分出現(xiàn)了有關(guān)run的短語(yǔ)用法，主要有：run out of(用完)、run after(追趕)、run over(碾壓)、run in(試車(chē))、run into(遇到)等。
    課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    【注意】
    以下課文內(nèi)容選自外研社出版的《新概念英語(yǔ)》第二冊(cè)的教材，請(qǐng)大家根據(jù)需要購(gòu)買(mǎi)教材，支持正版!
    Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives.
    1)trap，陷入;使陷入困境。該詞也可以直接用作名詞，表示“陷阱”。
    2)mine，礦。該詞還可以表示“地雷”，相當(dāng)于landmine;它也是第一人稱(chēng)的名詞性物主代詞。
    3)bring...to the surface，把...帶到地面。
    4)lose one's life，失去生命、死亡。
    However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse.
    1)rescue operation，營(yíng)救行動(dòng)。
    2)prove difficult，證實(shí)是困難的。prove作為結(jié)果系動(dòng)詞，是為數(shù)不多的能夠采用進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法的。
    3)explosive，炸藥。源自動(dòng)詞explode(爆炸)，其動(dòng)作的名詞為explosion(爆炸)。
    4)vibration，震動(dòng)。源自動(dòng)詞vibrate(震動(dòng))。
    5)cause...to collapse，導(dǎo)致...坍塌。
    Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.
    1)rescue worker，營(yíng)救人員。
    2)therefore，因此、所以。經(jīng)?？梢苑旁诰涫组_(kāi)頭，且常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
    3)drill，鉆孔。
    4)intend to do，打算、意圖做某事。
    5)bring...up，把某人帶來(lái)上來(lái)。相當(dāng)于前文出現(xiàn)的bring...to the surface。
    6)capsule，容器。也可用來(lái)表示“膠囊”。
    If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.
    1)本句中的if引導(dǎo)的是虛擬條件句，針對(duì)的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，注意此時(shí)if從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要采用had done的用法，而主句則要采用would have done的用法。
    2)a layer of，一層。
    3)beneath，在...下面。
    4)as it is，事實(shí)上、實(shí)際上。
    5)have a long way to go，本義表示“還有很長(zhǎng)路要走”，在這里表示“還早著呢”。
    Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours agao, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.
    1)meanwhile，與此同時(shí)。相當(dāng)于in the meantime或at the same time。
    2)lower，放下、降低。
    3)enable sb. to do sth.使某人能夠做某事。
    4)keep in touch with，與...保持聯(lián)系。
    5)a closest relative，直系親屬。
    Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
    1)run out of，用完、耗盡。
    2)cheerful，高興的、快樂(lè)的。源自動(dòng)詞cheer(歡呼)。
    3)confident，自信的。其名詞為confidence(自信心)。
    4)get out，出來(lái)。
    They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.
    1)progress，進(jìn)展、進(jìn)行。
    2)smoothly，順利地。源自形容詞smooth(順利的;光滑的)。
    3)drill through，鉆空。
    4)lose heart，失望、喪失信心。注意該短語(yǔ)中間不能插入任何成分。
    新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容Lesson89
    重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
    本課主要對(duì)比復(fù)習(xí)第17課、第41課和第65課出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。
    這些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有must、need、should，其中實(shí)義動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)have to也被劃歸到這里一并對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)。如：
    We must get there before it is dark.
    I'm sorry I didn't get here on time. I had to go to the bank.
    You needn't bother to post the letters for me.
    I should have gone to the dentist yesterday, but I forgot all about it.
    課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    People will do anything to see a free show - even if it is a bad one.
    1)People will do anything to do...可作為套話(huà)來(lái)用，表達(dá)人們?yōu)榱诉_(dá)成某個(gè)目的可以做任何事情。
    2)a free show，免費(fèi)的演出。
    3)even if，即使。
    When the news got round that a comedy would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to see it.
    1)get round，四處傳開(kāi)。the news gets round that... 可以用作套話(huà)，表示“...消息傳開(kāi)”。
    2)comedy，喜劇。注意悲劇為tragedy。
    3)present，演出。其名詞為presentation。
    4)rush to do，匆忙去做某事。
    5)注意公司的名稱(chēng)中，一般每個(gè)單詞的首字母都要大寫(xiě)。
    We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just before the show began.
    1)queue，排隊(duì)。注意該詞的發(fā)音為[kju:]。
    2)get in，進(jìn)去。
    3)注意句中的must表對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的猜測(cè)，所以用了must have been的結(jié)構(gòu)。
    4)present，在場(chǎng)的。
    5)just before，就在...之前。
    Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest we have ever seen. Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed, as many of th artistes who should have appeared did not come.
    1)unfortunately，不幸的是。源自名詞fortune(命運(yùn)、運(yùn)氣)，其形容詞為fortunate(幸運(yùn)的)。
    2)dull，乏味的、枯燥的。
    3)we have ever seen用作先行詞the dullest的定語(yǔ)從句，中間省略了關(guān)系代詞that。
    4)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾先行詞those。
    5)fail to do，沒(méi)做做成。
    6)注意need在此用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的評(píng)論，所以采用了need not have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。
    7)artiste，藝術(shù)家。
    8)should have done，本該... 這往往表達(dá)的是與事實(shí)相反的結(jié)論。
    The only funny things we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme.
    1)注意we heard that evening用作先行詞things的定語(yǔ)從句，中間省略了關(guān)系代詞that。
    2)advertiser，主持人。該詞原本表示的是廣告商。
    3)at the beginning of，在...的開(kāi)端。
    4)programme，節(jié)目。美式英語(yǔ)的拼寫(xiě)為program。
    He was obviously very nervous and for some minutes stood awkwardly before the microphone. As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing.
    1)obviously，明顯地。
    2)nervous，緊張的。源自名詞nerve(神經(jīng))。
    3)awkwardly，尷尬地。
    4)burst out laughing，哄堂大笑。
    We all know what the poor man should have said, but what he actually said was: 'This is the Poo and Ee Seed Bird Company. Good ladies, evening and gentlemen!'
    1)注意should用了斜體，起著強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，朗讀時(shí)需要重讀。
    2)actually也用了斜體，起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，與前面的should形成鮮明對(duì)照。
    3)drill through，鉆空。
    4)lose heart，失望、喪失信心。注意該短語(yǔ)中間不能插入任何成分。
    5)注意句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是to drill through the hard rock.
    新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容Lesson90
    重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    have的用法
    本課主要對(duì)比復(fù)習(xí)第18課、第42課和第66課出現(xiàn)的have的用法，主要包括表吃喝、擁有、患病、萬(wàn)能do以及作為使役動(dòng)詞的用法。如：
    I have something important to tell you.
    Have some coffee please.
    He had a bad cold last night.
    Let's have a break.
    She had him doing homework all day long.
    課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain, but as the oceans have been overfished, fish has become more and more expensive.
    1)fish and chips，油煎魚(yú)加炸土豆片。這在英國(guó)是一盤(pán)菜，所以是個(gè)整體，用作單數(shù)。類(lèi)似的用法還有a knife and fork，一副刀叉，也視作單數(shù)。
    2)ocean，洋。注意與sea(海)的區(qū)別：海是指與大陸相鄰的海域，而洋嚴(yán)格意義上是包括海的。
    3)overfish 過(guò)度捕撈。
    4)more and more，越來(lái)越。
    So it comes as a surprise to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs.
    1)come as a surprise，讓人驚訝的是。
    2)giant，巨大的。
    3)terrify，使害怕。
    4)diver，潛水員。
    5)North Sea 北海。大西洋東北部邊緣海，位于歐洲大陸的西北，即大不列顛島、斯堪的納維亞半島、日德蘭半島和荷比低地之間。
    6)oil rig，石油鉆塔。
    Oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.
    1)frequently，頻繁地。
    2)注意who引導(dǎo)的是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞divers，起著補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。從快速閱讀的角度來(lái)看，可以直接跳過(guò)該定語(yǔ)從句，以節(jié)約閱讀時(shí)間。
    3)frighten，使畏懼。源自名詞fright(恐懼)。
    4)be frightened out of one's wits，被嚇昏了。
    5)bump into，撞到。
    Now they have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters. The fish are not sharks or killer whales, but favourite eating varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes as much as twelve feet in length.
    1)have...done，讓某物被... 此處的have用作了使役動(dòng)詞。
    2)cage，籠子。
    3)protect...from...保護(hù)...免于...
    4)killer whale，逆戟鯨。
    5)eating variety，可食用品種。
    6)cod，鱈魚(yú)。skate，鰩魚(yú)。
    7)grow to unnatural sizes，長(zhǎng)得出奇地大。
    8)in length，長(zhǎng)... length是long的名詞。
    Three factors have caused these fish to grow so large: the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea; the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rig; the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs.
    1)factor，因素、原因。
    2)oil pipe，輸油管道。
    3)plentiful，豐富的、充裕的。源自plenty(大量的)。
    4)a supply of，供應(yīng)...
    5)overboard，在船外。
    6)the total absence of，完全沒(méi)有...
    As a result, the fish just eat and eat and grow and grow in the lovely warm water. Who eats who?
    1)as a result，因此、所以。
    2)注意句中的eat and eat and grow and grow通過(guò)疊詞的重復(fù)，起到很好的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，凸顯了那些魚(yú)類(lèi)因?yàn)椴皇芨蓴_、生活條件很好而不斷地繁殖壯大。
    3)注意后一句的Who eats who，其實(shí)是作者開(kāi)的一個(gè)小玩笑，旨在表達(dá)這些魚(yú)已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)得非常之大，甚至可以到了會(huì)吃掉人類(lèi)的地步，到那時(shí)就不知到是“人吃魚(yú)還是魚(yú)吃人”了。