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        小學(xué)三年級英語下冊句型與語法歸納

        字號:

        語法就是語言的規(guī)律。任何一種語言都有其內(nèi)在邏輯性(logic)和規(guī)律(discipline)。學(xué)習(xí)一些基本的英語語法,對于快速掌握英語語言的規(guī)律,具有事半功倍的作用,尤其是對于一些為考試而編的語法題句的理解,很有作用。以下是整理的相關(guān)資料,希望對您有所幫助!
            一、句型復(fù)習(xí)
            一般疑問句:
            Is this/that/it a ...?  回答:Yes,it is.    No,it isn’t.
            Is he / she...?   回答:Yes, he /she is.      No, he/she isn’t.
            Are you...?      回答:Yes, I am.            No, I am not.
            Are these/they ...?   回答:Yes,they are.   No,they aren’t.
            Do you...?     回答:Yes, I do.        No, I don’t.
            Is there...?   回答:Yes,there is.     No, there isn’t.
            Are there...?  回答:Yes,there are.    No, there aren’t.
            特殊疑問句:
            Who’s he/she ?     回答:He’s/She’s ?
            Who are they?        回答:They are...
            Where is..?          回答:It’s  in/on...(介詞短語)
            Where are??         回答:They are in/on...(介詞短語)           Where are you from?  回答:I am from... / We are from...
            Where is he / she/ it from? 回答: He /She / It is from ?       Where are they from?        回答: They are from....
            What’s in / on / near/ under / beside the ??  回答:There is /are ...
            How many...?   回答:There is one./There are two.(2個或2個以上的數(shù)字)
            What is it/this/that? (單數(shù))        回答:  It’s a... .
            What are they/these/those? (復(fù)數(shù)) 回答: They’re ...
            日常用語:
            Put...on/in(介詞短語)...    回答: OK/All right.
            Draw...    回答: OK/All right.
            Thank you!  回答: You’re welcome.
            Here’s ...  回答:Thank you!
            二、名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù),一般都把s 加。
            特殊變化有以下:
            單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)一個樣, sheep--sheep fish- fish  goldfish - goldfish    Chinese-Chinese   Japanese -Japanese
            2.遇到oo 變ee :  foot-feet   goose- geese   tooth - teeth
            3.有些變化就是大:mouse – mice  child - children  man-men  woman-women
            4 .以s, x, sh, ch 結(jié)尾 , +es   (bus-buses, box-boxes,  brush-brushes,
            watch-watches)
            5、以0 結(jié)尾(有生命的o)+es        (tomato-tomatoes)(番茄)       例外:kangaroo- kangaroos
            6、以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,改y為i+es  ( lady-ladies,  baby-babies  study-studies)
            7.以f 或fe結(jié)尾,改f或fe為v+es       (knife- knives   shelf-shelves)
            三、have與has 的區(qū)別:
            have, has 都是“有”,
            它們的用法有講究, 表示“某人有某物”,have, has請記住。 he, she, it “有”用has,    I, we , they , you 都用 have。 主人單數(shù)用 has , 主人復(fù)數(shù)用 have。
            have 就是能力強,疑問 ( ?)否定 (don’t / do not)都用它。
            四、have ,has 與there is , there are 的區(qū)別
            表示某人或某動物 有  : has / have    (I have a dog.   The dog has a short tail.) 表示某地方 有: there is / are       (There is a book in the bag. )
            五、Some與any 的區(qū)別:
            some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑問句中。
            如:I have some books.  I don’t have any books.  Do you have any books ?
            六.a(chǎn)  與an 的區(qū)別
            一般來講,元音字母(即a, e , i, o , u )開頭的單詞用an
            如: an apple   an ear   an American girl    an Australian stamp   an old man
            七. There be 句型  (即 there is / there are )
            意思: 表示某地方有某人或某物 原則:就近原則 (There be 句型中的be 動詞用is 還是用are 由最靠近它的第一個名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)決定。)
            如: There is a book and some pens on the desk.      There are some pens and a book on the desk.
            八.不可數(shù)名詞:
            juice   chalk   tissue  (不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式)
            There is some chalk.  There is some juice. There is some tissue.
            九.’s所有格 :
            表示:某人或某動物的
            the girl’s name    那個女孩的名字  the teacher’s desk        講臺
            the headmaster’s office   校長的辦公室  the children’s  toys      兒孩子們的玩具
            the teachers’  room    教師辦公室  (當(dāng)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是以“s”結(jié)尾時,直接加 ’)
            十. be 動詞 :
            is  are  am ( 表示“是” )
            I 用am  , you 用are , is 連著he,she ,it 。單數(shù)名詞用is ,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are 。  如: I am ….   You are… .   We are… .   They are…. .  He is…..  She is…..    It is….       The girl is ….   The boys are….    Ben is….    Janet and Ben are…