托福寫作圖表作文 柱狀圖 (bar chart or column chart)
單一型柱狀圖：本質(zhì)與餅圖或折線圖相同
Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week (2002/6)
復(fù)雜型柱狀圖: 本質(zhì)是折線圖 + 餅圖
(一) 例文分析
the graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city, in 1950, 1970 and 1990.
The bar chart illustrates many significant changes in modes of transport used by city dwellers from 1950 to 1990. A very noticeable trend was the steady decrease in transportation by bicycle and on foot. In 1950, more than 50% of people traveled to work on their own. However, by 1990, less than 20% of travelers were cycling or walking to work.
During the same period, there was a large increase in the use of automobiles. In 1950, very few people owned a car. By 1970, approximately one out of every four travelers drove to work. This increased again, until 1990, when one in three travelers drove to work.
The increasing popularity of taking a bus or car, likely caused the decrease in cycling and walking. As people enjoyed the convenience and speed of buses and cars, they likely had less patience and interest in cycling and walking.
The number of people of taking the bus increased from 1950 to 1970, and decreased from 1970 to 1990. From 1950 to 1970, buses grew in popularity. But by 1990, traveling by car had become so popular that all other means of transport were less frequently used.
(二) 試試會用了嗎?
The diagram below shows the average hours of unpaid work per week done by people in different categories.
(unpaid work refers to such activities as childcare in the home, housework and gardening.)
參考答案：
The diagram reveals that the number of hours per week spent on unpaid work is unequally distributed between men and women.
In households where there are no children, women are reported to work some 30 hours per week in such tasks as housework and gardening. Men’ s contribution to these unpaid jobs averages a considerably lower 18 hours.
When children enter the household, however, the inequality becomes even more pronounced. In families 1---2 children, men maintain approximately the same number of hours of unpaid work as in childless households, but the number of hours women work in the home rises to 52 per week, muck of it, no doubt, due to child-care responsibilities.
Interestingly, when there are three or more children in the household, men are found to work even fewer hours around the house than before the appearance of the third child. Whereas women’s unpaid hours rise to approximately 56 per week, the corresponding figure for men, 16, actually represents a decrease.
The data suggest that the increased presence of women in the paid work force has not yet to lead to an increased role for men in the home.