Lesson40Who's Who 真假難辨
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.
誰(shuí)也弄不清為什么大學(xué)生好像比任何人都更喜歡惡作劇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是why引導(dǎo)的從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:university student的意思是“大學(xué)生”。
2.Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.
大學(xué)生擅長(zhǎng)一種特殊的惡作劇—戲弄人。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:冒號(hào)之后的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明的作用。
3.Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.
請(qǐng)消防隊(duì)來(lái)?yè)錅缫粓?chǎng)根本沒(méi)有的大火是一種低級(jí)騙局，有自尊心的大學(xué)生決不會(huì)去做。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:inviting…a nonexistent fire是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)。Which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾deception。
4.Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
大學(xué)生們常常做的是制造一種可笑的局面，使大家笑上一場(chǎng)，當(dāng)然受害者是笑不出來(lái)的。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾situations,說(shuō)明“是…的局面”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:victim表示“受害者”。
5.When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.
近有個(gè)學(xué)生看見(jiàn)兩個(gè)工人在學(xué)校門(mén)外用風(fēng)鉆干活，馬上打電話(huà)報(bào)告警察，說(shuō)有兩個(gè)學(xué)生裝扮成工人，正在用風(fēng)鉆破壞路面。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。saw two workmen using為“感官動(dòng)詞+v.ing”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看到了整個(gè)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程”。
6.As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.
掛上電話(huà)后，他又馬上來(lái)到工人那兒，告訴他們?nèi)粲袀€(gè)警察來(lái)讓他們走開(kāi)，不要把他當(dāng)回事。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as soon as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，交代told的內(nèi)容。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:take sb.seriously的意思是“嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待某人”。
7.He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.
還對(duì)工人說(shuō)，有個(gè)學(xué)生常裝扮成警察無(wú)聊地同別人開(kāi)玩笑。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明added的內(nèi)容。
8.Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
警察與工人都對(duì)那個(gè)學(xué)生事先通報(bào)情況表示感謝。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句的核心結(jié)構(gòu)是sb.be grateful to sb.for sth.(某人因某事而感激某人)。
9.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.
那個(gè)學(xué)生躲在附近一拱形的門(mén)廊里，在那兒可以看見(jiàn)、聽(tīng)到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)生的一切。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾archway,注意并不是修飾副詞nearby。That也引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾everything。
10.Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away.
果然，警察來(lái)了，不禮貌地請(qǐng)工人離開(kāi)此地。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:sure enough的意思是“果不其然”。
11.When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force.
但其中一個(gè)工人粗魯?shù)鼗亓藥拙?。于是警察威脅要強(qiáng)行使他們離開(kāi)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:threaten by force的意思是“嚴(yán)厲警告”。
12.The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.
工人說(shuō)，悉聽(tīng)尊便。警察去打電話(huà)叫人。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:telephoned for help的意思是“打電話(huà)請(qǐng)求支援”。
13.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen.
一會(huì)兒工夫，又來(lái)了4個(gè)警察，規(guī)勸工人離開(kāi)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接警察“來(lái)了”和“規(guī)勸”這兩個(gè)先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
14.As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill.
由于工人拒絕停下手中的活，警察想奪風(fēng)鉆。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明警察想奪風(fēng)鉆的原因。
15.The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper.
兩個(gè)工人奮力抗?fàn)?，其中一個(gè)發(fā)了火。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接兩個(gè)并列關(guān)系的簡(jiǎn)單句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2: lost his temper意思是“發(fā)火，發(fā)脾氣”。
16. He threatened to call the police.
威脅說(shuō)要去叫警察。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to call the police作賓語(yǔ)。
17. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
警察聽(tīng)后譏諷地說(shuō)，這大可不必，因?yàn)樗麄z已被逮捕了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:at this相當(dāng)于at that situation，是“在這種情況下”的意思。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，交代pointed out的內(nèi)容。As引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
18. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.
其中一個(gè)工人裝模作樣地問(wèn)道，在被帶往警察局之前，是否可以打一個(gè)電話(huà)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明asked的內(nèi)容。Before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
19. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.
警察同意了，陪他來(lái)到一個(gè)投幣地電話(huà)前。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was granted用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)警察的強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:accompany sb.to的意思是“陪著某人去…”。
20. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
當(dāng)他看到那個(gè)工人真的是給警察掛電話(huà)，才恍然大悟，原來(lái)他們都成一場(chǎng)騙局的受害者。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明saw的內(nèi)容。第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，交代realise的內(nèi)容。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.
誰(shuí)也弄不清為什么大學(xué)生好像比任何人都更喜歡惡作劇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是why引導(dǎo)的從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:university student的意思是“大學(xué)生”。
2.Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.
大學(xué)生擅長(zhǎng)一種特殊的惡作劇—戲弄人。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:冒號(hào)之后的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明的作用。
3.Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.
請(qǐng)消防隊(duì)來(lái)?yè)錅缫粓?chǎng)根本沒(méi)有的大火是一種低級(jí)騙局，有自尊心的大學(xué)生決不會(huì)去做。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:inviting…a nonexistent fire是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)。Which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾deception。
4.Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
大學(xué)生們常常做的是制造一種可笑的局面，使大家笑上一場(chǎng)，當(dāng)然受害者是笑不出來(lái)的。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾situations,說(shuō)明“是…的局面”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:victim表示“受害者”。
5.When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.
近有個(gè)學(xué)生看見(jiàn)兩個(gè)工人在學(xué)校門(mén)外用風(fēng)鉆干活，馬上打電話(huà)報(bào)告警察，說(shuō)有兩個(gè)學(xué)生裝扮成工人，正在用風(fēng)鉆破壞路面。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。saw two workmen using為“感官動(dòng)詞+v.ing”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看到了整個(gè)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程”。
6.As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.
掛上電話(huà)后，他又馬上來(lái)到工人那兒，告訴他們?nèi)粲袀€(gè)警察來(lái)讓他們走開(kāi)，不要把他當(dāng)回事。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as soon as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，交代told的內(nèi)容。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:take sb.seriously的意思是“嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待某人”。
7.He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.
還對(duì)工人說(shuō)，有個(gè)學(xué)生常裝扮成警察無(wú)聊地同別人開(kāi)玩笑。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明added的內(nèi)容。
8.Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
警察與工人都對(duì)那個(gè)學(xué)生事先通報(bào)情況表示感謝。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句的核心結(jié)構(gòu)是sb.be grateful to sb.for sth.(某人因某事而感激某人)。
9.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.
那個(gè)學(xué)生躲在附近一拱形的門(mén)廊里，在那兒可以看見(jiàn)、聽(tīng)到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)生的一切。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾archway,注意并不是修飾副詞nearby。That也引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾everything。
10.Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away.
果然，警察來(lái)了，不禮貌地請(qǐng)工人離開(kāi)此地。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:sure enough的意思是“果不其然”。
11.When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force.
但其中一個(gè)工人粗魯?shù)鼗亓藥拙?。于是警察威脅要強(qiáng)行使他們離開(kāi)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:threaten by force的意思是“嚴(yán)厲警告”。
12.The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.
工人說(shuō)，悉聽(tīng)尊便。警察去打電話(huà)叫人。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:telephoned for help的意思是“打電話(huà)請(qǐng)求支援”。
13.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen.
一會(huì)兒工夫，又來(lái)了4個(gè)警察，規(guī)勸工人離開(kāi)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接警察“來(lái)了”和“規(guī)勸”這兩個(gè)先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
14.As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill.
由于工人拒絕停下手中的活，警察想奪風(fēng)鉆。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明警察想奪風(fēng)鉆的原因。
15.The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper.
兩個(gè)工人奮力抗?fàn)?，其中一個(gè)發(fā)了火。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and連接兩個(gè)并列關(guān)系的簡(jiǎn)單句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2: lost his temper意思是“發(fā)火，發(fā)脾氣”。
16. He threatened to call the police.
威脅說(shuō)要去叫警察。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to call the police作賓語(yǔ)。
17. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
警察聽(tīng)后譏諷地說(shuō)，這大可不必，因?yàn)樗麄z已被逮捕了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:at this相當(dāng)于at that situation，是“在這種情況下”的意思。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，交代pointed out的內(nèi)容。As引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
18. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.
其中一個(gè)工人裝模作樣地問(wèn)道，在被帶往警察局之前，是否可以打一個(gè)電話(huà)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明asked的內(nèi)容。Before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
19. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.
警察同意了，陪他來(lái)到一個(gè)投幣地電話(huà)前。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was granted用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)警察的強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:accompany sb.to的意思是“陪著某人去…”。
20. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
當(dāng)他看到那個(gè)工人真的是給警察掛電話(huà)，才恍然大悟，原來(lái)他們都成一場(chǎng)騙局的受害者。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明saw的內(nèi)容。第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，交代realise的內(nèi)容。