2017年職稱英語理工類B級補全短文輔導十
Watching Microcurrents Flow
We can now watch electricity as it flows through even the tiniest circuits. By scanning the magnetic field generated as electric currents flow through objects, physicists have managed _1_. The technology will allow manufacturers to scan microchips for faults, as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotes.
Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, visualize the current by measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object and 2 .
Their sensor is adapted1 from an existing piece of technology that is used to measure large magnetic fields in computer hard drives.2 “We redesigned the magnetic sensor to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fields,” says Xiao.
The resulting device is capable of detecting a current as weak as 10 microamperes , even when the wire is buried deep within a chip, and it shows up features as small as 40 nanometers across.
At present, engineers looking for defects in a chip have to peel off the layers and examine the circuits visually; this is one of the obstacles 3 . But the new magnetic microscope is sensitive enough to look inside chips and reveal faults such as short circuits, nicks in the wires or electro migration — where a dense area of current picks up surrounding atoms and move them along. “It is like watching a river flow,” explains Xiao.
As well as scanning tiny circuits, the microscope can be used to reveal the internal structure of any object capable of conducting electricity.3 For example, it could look directly at microscopic cracks in an aeroplane’s fuselage, 4_ . The technique cannot yet pick up electrical activity in the human brain because the current there is too small, but Xiao doesn’t rule it out4 in the future. “I can never say never,” he says.
Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale,5 from electronics company Micro Magnetics in Fall River, Massachusetts. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minute to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag arc working 5 . 詞匯： circuit /5sE:kit/ n.電路 subtle /5sQtl/ adj.精巧的;細微的 scan /skAn/ v.掃描;細看 dense /dens/ adj.密集的;稠密的 magnetic /mA^5netik/ adj.磁鐵的;磁石的 sensor /5sensE/ n.感應器visualize /5vIzjJElaIz/ v.使……形象化;使……具體化 注釋：
1. is adapted：(使)適應。作不及物動詞時的用法是：“ adapt to +名詞性成分”，如 : The young man from the countryside adapted well to life in the big city.這個農(nóng)村青年很能適應大城市的生活。易混的詞： (1) adopt采取;采納(及物動詞 )。 adopt a positive attitude采取積極的態(tài)度。 (2) adept熟練的;擅長的(形容詞 )。be adept in (或 at)，如：This boy is adept in/at figures.這個男孩擅長計算。
2. computer hard drives：計算機硬盤
3. conducting electricity：導電
4. rule … out：排除……的可能性。又如： The police have ruled out murder in the case of the girl’s death.警方在姑娘死亡案中已排除他殺的可能性。
5. on sale：出售;上市。如： Will the new product be on sale next month?這種新產(chǎn)品下月會上市嗎 ? 練習：
A. to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds
B. to making chips any smaller
C. to take tiny chips we require
D. to picture the progress of the currents
E. converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point
F. faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote or bacteria in a water sample
答案與題解：
1. D manage to +v.是“設法做成”的意思。 picture在此是動詞，“ to picture the progress of the currents”意為“繪出電流運行圖”。
2. E by在句中引導兩個在句法結(jié)構上并列的分詞短語：一個是 measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object，另一個是 converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point。
convert … into …的意思是“把……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤薄?
Watching Microcurrents Flow
We can now watch electricity as it flows through even the tiniest circuits. By scanning the magnetic field generated as electric currents flow through objects, physicists have managed _1_. The technology will allow manufacturers to scan microchips for faults, as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotes.
Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, visualize the current by measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object and 2 .
Their sensor is adapted1 from an existing piece of technology that is used to measure large magnetic fields in computer hard drives.2 “We redesigned the magnetic sensor to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fields,” says Xiao.
The resulting device is capable of detecting a current as weak as 10 microamperes , even when the wire is buried deep within a chip, and it shows up features as small as 40 nanometers across.
At present, engineers looking for defects in a chip have to peel off the layers and examine the circuits visually; this is one of the obstacles 3 . But the new magnetic microscope is sensitive enough to look inside chips and reveal faults such as short circuits, nicks in the wires or electro migration — where a dense area of current picks up surrounding atoms and move them along. “It is like watching a river flow,” explains Xiao.
As well as scanning tiny circuits, the microscope can be used to reveal the internal structure of any object capable of conducting electricity.3 For example, it could look directly at microscopic cracks in an aeroplane’s fuselage, 4_ . The technique cannot yet pick up electrical activity in the human brain because the current there is too small, but Xiao doesn’t rule it out4 in the future. “I can never say never,” he says.
Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale,5 from electronics company Micro Magnetics in Fall River, Massachusetts. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minute to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag arc working 5 . 詞匯： circuit /5sE:kit/ n.電路 subtle /5sQtl/ adj.精巧的;細微的 scan /skAn/ v.掃描;細看 dense /dens/ adj.密集的;稠密的 magnetic /mA^5netik/ adj.磁鐵的;磁石的 sensor /5sensE/ n.感應器visualize /5vIzjJElaIz/ v.使……形象化;使……具體化 注釋：
1. is adapted：(使)適應。作不及物動詞時的用法是：“ adapt to +名詞性成分”，如 : The young man from the countryside adapted well to life in the big city.這個農(nóng)村青年很能適應大城市的生活。易混的詞： (1) adopt采取;采納(及物動詞 )。 adopt a positive attitude采取積極的態(tài)度。 (2) adept熟練的;擅長的(形容詞 )。be adept in (或 at)，如：This boy is adept in/at figures.這個男孩擅長計算。
2. computer hard drives：計算機硬盤
3. conducting electricity：導電
4. rule … out：排除……的可能性。又如： The police have ruled out murder in the case of the girl’s death.警方在姑娘死亡案中已排除他殺的可能性。
5. on sale：出售;上市。如： Will the new product be on sale next month?這種新產(chǎn)品下月會上市嗎 ? 練習：
A. to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds
B. to making chips any smaller
C. to take tiny chips we require
D. to picture the progress of the currents
E. converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point
F. faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote or bacteria in a water sample
答案與題解：
1. D manage to +v.是“設法做成”的意思。 picture在此是動詞，“ to picture the progress of the currents”意為“繪出電流運行圖”。
2. E by在句中引導兩個在句法結(jié)構上并列的分詞短語：一個是 measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object，另一個是 converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point。
convert … into …的意思是“把……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤薄?