The Difference between Man and Computer
    What makes people different from computer programs?(人與電腦程序的區(qū)別到底在哪兒呢?) What is the missing element(缺失的要素) that our theories don’t yet (1) account for?(解釋;我們的理論還沒有解釋的缺失要素是什么?) The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason(介詞“for”，為了一個原因): to learn more about (2) what they are interested in(“what”引導賓語從句). Computers, on the other hand, don't.(然而，電腦可不是如此。) In fact，computers don't (3) even (甚至)have interests;(電腦甚至沒有興趣可言：Computers read newspaper not because they are interested in something.) there is nothing in particular(沒有什么特別需要尋找的東西) that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) program (計算機程序;呼應短文第一段第一句話，人與電腦程序的區(qū)別)is to be a model(模式) of story understanding, it should also read for a “purpose”(意圖;目的). (如果一個電腦程序是理解故事的模式，那它也是為了某個意圖去閱讀。)
    Of course, people have several goals that do not make (5) sense(“make sense”：講得通, 有意義, 言之有理) to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide (6) in order to (目的)satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) find (尋找)a good place to go for (表示“目的”)a business lunch(商務餐). Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.
    It doesn’t make any sense to attribute the goals to computers.
    It makes no sense to attribute the goals to computers.
    解釋：attribute sth. to sb. /sth.: regard sth as belonging to sb/sth 認為某事物屬於某人[某事物];
    “當然，人們在閱讀時有幾個目標;但是認為電腦在閱讀時也有這些目標就沒有道理了?！痹谶@個主從復合句中，主句是“people have several goals”，后面接一個由“that”引導的定語從句“that do not make sense to attribute to computers”。本句話中先行詞是“goals”，先行詞在定語從句中做“attribute”這個詞的賓語，即“attribute the goals to computers”(將人具有的這些目標歸屬于電腦;也就是說，讓電腦也擁有像人一樣的目標)。整個句子連起來就是，“認為電腦在閱讀時也有像人一樣的這些目標就沒有道理了?！苯酉聛?，作者舉了一個例子。作者說，一個人可能會閱讀《就餐指南》，目的是解決饑餓，或者去娛樂，或者為了找一個好地方去吃商務餐。電腦不會餓，也不會吃商務餐。(從而印證了第二段開頭這句話，將人的一些目標歸屬于電腦是講不通的。因為人所具有的這些目標，如去吃飯、娛樂、吃商務餐等，電腦都不會有。)
    However, these physiological and social goals give (8) rise to (“give rise to”: 引起;使發(fā)生;導致)several intellectual or cognitive goals. (這些心理目標和社會目標會引起一些智力或認知方面的目標。)下一句話中“give rise to”表達類似的意思，實際上提示了第8個空中可以使用“rise”來組成“give rise to”這個短語，表達“引起”的概念。
    “give rise to sth”：give rise to sth (fml 文) cause sth 引起﹑ 導致某事物:
    Her disappearance gave rise to the wildest rumours.
    她失蹤一事引起了各種流言蜚語.
    A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to (引起) goals to find (9) information (找到相關(guān)信息)about the name of a restaurant which (10) serves (give food to sb at a meal 供某人飯菜;提供飯菜)the desired(想要的飯菜) type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) acquire (獲取信息或者知識)information or knowledge, what we are calling (12) learning goals(學習目標). These goals can be held (have sth as sth one has gained 獲得, 博得, 贏得, 持有某事物;電腦也可以獲取這些目標)by computers too; a computer (13) might (可能;表達可能性)“want” to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to (目的)do so (14) in the same way (短語：“in the same way as” 像人一樣，一相同的方式這么做。) as a person might (表達可能性;這個詞也可提示第13個空里選擇“might”，同樣表達“可能性”。). While such a goal would not (15) arise out of (短語“arise out of/ from”：起因于, 由 ... 引起的)hunger in the case of (就電腦來說)the computer，it might well (很可能)arise out of (起因于)the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.
    短語：out of/from sth follow as a result of sth 因某事物而產(chǎn)生﹑ 造成﹑ 引起: problems arising out of the lack of communication 由於缺乏交流而產(chǎn)生的問題
    最后一句話：雖然這樣的目標就電腦來說不是產(chǎn)生于饑餓，但是，電腦很可能從這個“目標”獲得更多的關(guān)于餐廳的信息。
    詞匯:
    element n. 元素，成分，要素
    intellectual adj. 智力的，聰明的
    entertainment n. 娛樂，消遣
    physiological adj. 生理學的，生理的
    cognitive adj. 認知的，認識上的
    注釋:
    1. ... attribute to computers ... :……把……歸于電腦，歸屬于電腦……
    2. ... in the case of computer ... :……對于電腦來說……