After Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, she aligned with Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar's legal heir, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later known as Augustus). With Antony, she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios, and another son, Ptolemy Philadelphus (her unions with her brothers had produced no children). After losing the Battle of Actium to Octavian's forces, Antony committed suicide. Cleopatra followed suit. According to tradition, she killed herself by means of an asp bite on August 12, 30 BC. She was outlived by Caesarion, who was declared pharaoh by his supporters, but soon killed on Octavian's orders. Egypt then became the Roman province of Aegyptus.
    在凱撒于公元前44年被謀殺之后，埃及艷后克里奧帕特拉與馬克·安東尼(Mark Antony)聯(lián)合起來(lái)對(duì)抗凱撒的法定繼承人——蓋烏斯·尤利烏斯·凱撒·屋大維(Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus，他后來(lái)被稱作奧古斯都，Augustus)。她與安東尼誕下了三個(gè)孩子：雙胞胎姐弟—克里奧帕特拉·賽勒涅二世(Cleopatra Selene II )和亞歷山大·赫利俄斯(Alexander Helios)，以及幼子托勒密·菲拉德爾福斯(Ptolemy Philadelphus)。在此之前，克里奧帕特拉與她的兄弟們的結(jié)合并沒(méi)有留下子嗣。在亞克興戰(zhàn)役(Battle of Actium)中敗給屋大維之后，安東尼選擇了自殺，克里奧帕特拉也如此效仿。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)的記載，埃及艷后在公元前30年八月十二日引毒蛇將自己咬死。在她死后，其子凱撒里昂(Caesarion)被支持者擁戴為法老，但他也很快被屋大維下令處死。從此，埃及變?yōu)榱肆_馬的埃及行省(拉丁文寫作Aegyptus)。
    R
    elationship with Julius Caesar
    Eager to take advantage of Julius Caesar's anger toward Ptolemy, Cleopatra had herself secretly smuggled into his palace to meet with Caesar. Plutarch, in his Life of Julius Caesar gives a vivid description of how she entered past Ptolemy’s guards rolled up in a carpet that Apollodorus the Sicilian was carrying. She became Caesar’s mistress and nine months after their first meeting, in 47 BC, Cleopatra gave birth to their son, Ptolemy Caesar, nicknamed Caesarion, which means "little Caesar."
    埃及艷后克里奧帕特拉想要利用凱撒對(duì)托勒密的憤怒，便設(shè)法秘密潛入凱撒的住處與他見面。普魯塔克(Plutarch，羅馬帝國(guó)時(shí)期的希臘歷史學(xué)家)在他的凱撒傳記中生動(dòng)地描述了這一過(guò)程：她將自己裹在毯子里，由西西里的阿波羅多魯斯(Apollodorus the Sicilian)扛進(jìn)凱撒的住處，以此躲過(guò)托勒密的衛(wèi)兵的眼睛。她成為了凱撒的情婦，并且在兩人第一次見面的九個(gè)月之后，公元前47年，產(chǎn)下了他們的兒子—托勒密·凱撒(Ptolemy Caesar,)。他綽號(hào)凱撒里昂，意思是”小凱撒“。
    At this point, Caesar abandoned his plans to annex Egypt, instead backing Cleopatra's claim to the throne. After Mithridates raised the siege of Alexandria, Caesar defeated Ptolemy's army at the Battle of the Nile; Ptolemy XIII drowned in the Nile and Caesar restored Cleopatra to her throne, with another younger brother Ptolemy XIV as her new co-ruler. When Caesar left Egypt he stationed a Roman occupying army of three legions there under the command of Rufio.
    凱撒放棄了兼并埃及的計(jì)劃，轉(zhuǎn)而支持克里奧帕特拉取得王位。在米特里達(dá)梯(Mithridates)開始圍攻亞歷山大之后，凱撒在尼羅河戰(zhàn)役中擊敗了托勒密的軍隊(duì)。托勒密十三世溺死在尼羅河中，而凱撒幫助克里奧帕特拉重奪王位，并且立她的另一個(gè)弟弟托勒密十四世(Ptolemy XIV)為她的新共治者。凱撒離開埃及時(shí)留下了一支三個(gè)軍團(tuán)組成的羅馬軍隊(duì)，交給魯菲奧(Rufio)指揮。
    Although Cleopatra was 21 years old when they met and Caesar was 52, they became lovers during Caesar’s stay in Egypt between 48 BC and 47 BC. Cleopatra claimed Caesar was the father of her son and wished him to name the boy his heir, but Caesar refused, choosing his grandnephew Octavian instead.
    凱撒于公元前48年和47年在埃及逗留期間，盡管克里奧帕特拉當(dāng)時(shí)僅有21歲而凱撒已經(jīng)有52歲，他們還是成為了戀人?？死飱W帕特拉聲稱凱撒是他兒子的生父，并且希望凱撒指定他們的孩子作為繼承人。然而凱撒拒絕了她的要求，并將自己的甥孫屋大維(Octavian)立為繼承人。
    Cleopatra, Ptolemy XIV and Caesarion visited Rome in the summer of 46 BC. The Egyptian queen resided in one of Caesar's country houses, which included the Horti Caesaris just outside Rome (as a foreign head of state she was not allowed inside Rome's pomerium). The relationship between Cleopatra and Caesar was obvious to the Roman people and caused a scandal because the Roman dictator was already married to Calpurnia Pisonis. But Caesar even erected a golden statue of Cleopatra represented as Isisin the temple of Venus Genetrix (the mythical ancestress of Caesar's family), which was situated at the Forum Julium. The Roman orator Cicero said in his preserved letters that he hated the foreign queen. Cleopatra and her entourage were still in Rome when Caesar was assassinated on 15 March 44 BC., returning with her relatives to Egypt. When Ptolemy XIV died – allegedly poisoned by his older sister – Cleopatra made Caesarion her co-regent and successor and gave him the epithets Theos Philopator Philometor (= Father- and mother-loving God).
    克里奧帕特拉、托勒密十四世和凱撒里昂于公元前46年夏天訪問(wèn)了羅馬。埃及艷后下他在凱撒在鄉(xiāng)下的莊園中，包括羅馬近郊的凱撒莊園(拉丁文Horti Caesaris。作為外國(guó)元首，克里奧帕特拉不可以進(jìn)入羅馬的城市邊界，拉丁文pomerium)。凱撒和克里奧帕特拉之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)于羅馬人民來(lái)說(shuō)是顯而易見的事情。這成了一樁丑聞，因?yàn)榱_馬*者已經(jīng)和卡普尼亞·皮索尼斯。凱撒甚至在位于尤利烏斯廣場(chǎng)(Forum Julium)專門供奉自己的家族神話祖先母親維納斯(Venus Genetrix)的神廟中立起了一座克里奧帕特拉的黃金塑像。羅馬演說(shuō)家西塞羅(Cicero)甚至在自己的私人信件中直接表達(dá)了他對(duì)這位外國(guó)女王的怨恨。凱撒在公元前44年三月十五日被刺殺時(shí)，克里奧帕特拉和克里奧帕特拉和她的隨行人員正準(zhǔn)備從羅馬返回埃及。在托勒密十四世死后(他有可能正是被自己的姐姐克里奧帕特拉毒殺的)，她將凱撒里昂立為自己的共治者和繼承人，并賜予他愛父親愛母親的神這個(gè)稱號(hào)(希臘語(yǔ)是Theos Philopator Philometor)。