Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the modern world, we should never be impolite to another person.
NO.2
Some people prefer to buy technological devices as soon as they are available on the market, while other people prefer to wait. Which do you prefer?
NO.3
Do you agree or disagree with the statement:現(xiàn)在的家長養(yǎng)活子女比50年前較容易?
NO.4
Do you agree or disagree: the universities should spend more money in improving facilities (libraries, computer labs) than hiring famous teachers.
NO.5
The opinions of celebrities, such as entertainers and athletes, are more important to the younger people than they are to the older people.
NO.6
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
There is never a good reason to be impolite (rude) to another person.
NO.7
In times of economic crisis, local governments often reduce the money they spend in certain areas. In your opinion, if a local government was facing economic problems, which of the following areas should it spend less money on:
-Libraries
-Public transportation
-Police department
NO.8
It is often not a good idea to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose touch with old friends.
NO.9
Which do you think is the best way for a student to make new friends: joining a sports team, participating in community activities, or traveling? Use specific examples to support your answer.
0
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is easier for more people now than in the past to get an education.
1
Younger school children (from age 5 to 10) should be required to study art and music in addition to math, language, science, and history.
2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Young people today are less dependent on their parents than in the past.
3
For a business to be successful, it must spend a lot of money on advertising.
4
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Spending a lot of time watching sports on TV and following one's favorite team will have a negative impact on one's life.
5
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is better to relax by watching a movie or reading a book than by engaging in physical exercise.
6
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is important for the government to provide money for things that are beautiful and not just for things that are practical.
7
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents must have stricter rules to help their children become successful.
8
Some people prefer to buy technological devices as soon as they are available on the market, while other people prefer to wait. Which do you prefer?
Reading:
一種動物叫做M,是素食動物,理由有三
1 跑得很慢,體重很重,逮不到可以吃的動物
2 claw和素食動物很像,有個鉤子,可以把樹枝拉到自己跟前吃。
3 jaw和teeth跟素食動物很像
Listening:
反駁
1 M跑得是很慢,但是有一種動物G比它跑的還慢。G好像有什么保護
殼,但是M的力氣足夠把G翻過來,然后再攻擊。
2 M的arm structure可以移動地很快,就可以攻擊別的動物,像現(xiàn)在的老虎和熊一樣。
所以肯定不是只用來拉樹枝的。
3 M的jaw和素食動物的不像。素食動物的jaw可以move from side to side,但是為了嚼草用的,但是M的就不能。
NO.2
綜合寫作:
話題:野牛bison數(shù)量的下降
閱讀觀點:
1、人將它作為了source of food
2、動物之間的草競爭competition of grassland,例子:cattle,horse
3、新科技的發(fā)展如槍支
聽力反駁:
1、人是從prairie東部遷徙過去的,但是bison decline是從西邊開始的,東部也吃野牛,但是數(shù)量沒有下降。
2、bison可以在寒冷的天氣下生存,很tough,有很厚的fur還可以吃雪下面的草,而cattle和horse在冷環(huán)境下無法存活。
3、過去的科技槍支也能打的很quick和efficient,所以不是科技的事兒
NO.3
Integrated writing:
Manufacturing fuel generated from algae(藻類燃料)是近能源研發(fā)的新成就,可能會成為解決人類能源問題的新方案。但是閱讀文章認為把algae fuel大規(guī)模投入使用和制造是存在一些顧慮的,三個要點如下:
1. 養(yǎng)殖algae需要大量的土地和水源投入。人類社會正在面臨著有史以來嚴重的資源短缺,很多地區(qū)都出現(xiàn)了饑荒,干旱等災難。這時如果再把珍貴資源投入algae farming顯得本末倒置,影響更多人的生活。
2. 養(yǎng)殖algae需要昂貴的facilities,cost過大。為了set up一個algae養(yǎng)殖場,人們需要購買一些昂貴的machines比如一個pump tank來處理氣體,還需要對工作人員進行相應的培訓,所以很有可能會收不回成本。
3. 養(yǎng)殖algae需要大量的Carbon Dioxide(CO2)。空氣中的CO2對algae的生長還不夠,需要人工制造并再灌入一些。而在這一過程中CO2不能被algae全部吸收,多余的只能排放到大氣,增加大氣中的溫室氣體,進一步污染環(huán)境。
Listening中professor明確支持algae fuel的應用,閱讀中的三個觀點被她逐一反駁:
1. 養(yǎng)殖algae的土地和水源不會造成影響,因為algae對水源和土地并不挑剔。Dirty water,sea water等不能用于農(nóng)作物灌溉的水源都可以用來培育algae;同樣的,人們也可以用一些infertile的土地來farm algae。
2. 養(yǎng)殖algae的確需要很大的start-up cost,但是profit遠大于cost。和corn等一年一熟或兩熟常規(guī)作物不一樣,algae一年里能被regrow20多次...也就是說,養(yǎng)殖algae的收獲率巨大,彌補了一開始的支出。
3. 養(yǎng)殖algae需要的CO2不一定非要是newly generated的,和第一個點一樣,algae對生長條件非常insensitive,人們完全可以把waste CO2 released by factories放進pump tank,然后將其注入algae的生長環(huán)境。這樣一來,algae fuel production不但沒有進一步增加碳排放污染環(huán)境,反而緩解了現(xiàn)有的污染。
NO.4
Reading:
一種動物叫做M,是素食動物,理由有三
1 跑得很慢,體重很重,逮不到可以吃的動物
2 claw和素食動物很像,有個鉤子,可以把樹枝拉到自己跟前吃。
3 jaw和teeth跟素食動物很像
Listening:
反駁
1 M跑得是很慢,但是有一種動物G比它跑的還慢。G好像有什么保護
殼,但是M的力氣足夠把G翻過來,然后再攻擊。
2 M的arm structure可以移動地很快,就可以攻擊別的動物,像現(xiàn)在的老虎和熊一樣。
所以肯定不是只用來拉樹枝的。
3 M的jaw和素食動物的不像。素食動物的jaw可以move from side to side,但是為了嚼草用的,但是M的就不能。
NO.5
閱讀: 限速(lower speed limit)好處多多
1、可以減少serious accidents
2、可以減少尾氣emission,提升air quality
3、會帶來經(jīng)濟效益,更低的速度可以可以減少汽油的耗費從而省錢
聽力:限速確實有好處,但效果不明顯:
1、serious accidents的減少可能是其他因素引起的,如better road condition & car equipment
2、其實并沒有改善環(huán)境呀,只有0.1%的減少,空氣質量還是poor
3、浪費了drivers的時間,貨物運輸時間變長了,使得成本也高了。
NO.6
植物的葉子在夜間閉合的三個理論(plants fold leaves at night)
閱讀:
第一個理論:有助于保溫 protection against losing heat。
第二個理論:防止真菌感染 protection against fungal spores infection,不讓雨水進去。
第三個理論:避免接受月光,以此跟隨季節(jié)變化。
聽力
第一個理論:沒有幫助,因為植物沒有internal heat,在遇到冷的天氣,尤其是冰點以下時不能避免凍害。
第二個理論:下雨時即便葉子閉合,也會有少量雨水進入,而真菌fugal spores只需要少量雨水即可,因此事沒有意義的。
第三個理論:舉了一個反例。在一些denser的森林中,有些植物即便在樹蔭下接收不到月光,也會比和葉子,因此需要他的解釋。
NO.7
綜合寫作:
閱讀與聽力爭論的Pearl Poet到底是誰。
第一段:
閱讀:John Massey住在英國西北部,這里那四首詩出產(chǎn)的地方,并且John Massey和的Pearl Poet的筆跡一樣。
聽力:那個時候的很多詩歌都是由許多專業(yè)的抄寫人員完成的,筆記一樣也不能說明問題。
第二段:
閱讀:認為是Hugh,因為他寫了關于Garwain的詩歌,而四首的手抄詩也有關于Garwain的。另外寫作里都用了大量的alliteration。
聽力:Pearl Poet和Hugh在詩里用的方言完全不一樣。
第三段:
閱讀:四首詩的作者可能不是一個人,因為詩里分別提到了英格蘭不同的地區(qū)。
聽力:不能是幾個人,因為四首詩里的用詞很相近,不可能不同作者用完全一樣的遣詞造句。
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