Lesson 19 English Social Differences 英國社會(huì)的差異
A gentleman is, rather than does. He is interested in nothing in a professional way. He is allowed to cultivate hobbies, even eccentricities, but must not practise a vocation. He must know how to ride and shoot and cast a fly. He should have relatives in the army and navy and at least one connection in the diplomatic service. But there are weaknesses in the English gentleman's ability to rule us today. He usually knows nothing of political economy and less about how foreign countries are governed. He does not respect learning and prefers 'sport '.The problem set for society is not the virtues of the type so much as its adequacy for its function, and here grave difficulties arise. He refuses to consider sufficiently the wants of the customer, who must buy, not the thing he desires but the thing the English gentleman wants to sell. He attends anadequately to technological development. Disbelieving in the necessity of large-scale production in the modern world, he is
passionately devoted to excessive secrecy, both in finance and method of production. He has an incurable and widespread nepotism in appointment, discounting ability and relying upon a mystic entity called 'character,' which means, in a gentleman's mouth, the qualities he traditionally possesses himself. His lack of imagination and the narrowness of his social loyal ties have ranged against him one of the fundamental estates of the realm. He is incapable of that imaginative realism
which admits that this is a new world to which he must adjust himself and his institutions, that every privilege he formely took as of right he can now attain only by offering proof that it is directly relevant to social welfare.
New words and expressions 生詞短語
professional n. 職業(yè)的
hobby n. 業(yè)余愛好
cast a fly 垂釣
govern vt. 治理
grave a. 嚴(yán)重的
inadequately ad. 不充分地
devoted a. 熱心的
incurable a. 不可救藥的
discount vt. 看輕
entity n. 存在，本質(zhì)
quality n. 品質(zhì)
realm n. 王國
privilege n. 特權(quán)
cultivate vt. 培養(yǎng)
eccentricity n. 怪癖
diplomatic service 外交部門
adequacy n. 適當(dāng)
sufficiently ad. 充分地
disbelieve vt. 不相信
excessive a. 過分的
neotism n. 裙帶關(guān)系
mystic a. 神秘的
narrowness n. 狹隘
estate n. 社會(huì)階層
realism n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義adjust vt. 使適應(yīng)
relevant a. 有關(guān)的difference n. 差異
1.professional n. 職業(yè)的 通常略寫為 prof [反]amateur
[辨異]profession, occupation, job
profession “專業(yè)”，強(qiáng)調(diào) highly skilled/highly educated, such as lawyer, doctor, IT engineer,
architect
occupation: normal and general, everybody can have an occupation.
job 不僅指工作，還可以表示干活，例如家務(wù)活。
You did a good job.
[注意]technical/vocational school 職業(yè)學(xué)校
2.cultivate vt. 培養(yǎng) [同]nurture, develop, foster
cultivate a hobby/habit
He is well cultivated/educated/bred/trained. 他很有教養(yǎng)。
3.hobby n. 業(yè)余愛好
A gentleman is, rather than does. He is interested in nothing in a professional way. He is allowed to cultivate hobbies, even eccentricities, but must not practise a vocation. He must know how to ride and shoot and cast a fly. He should have relatives in the army and navy and at least one connection in the diplomatic service. But there are weaknesses in the English gentleman's ability to rule us today. He usually knows nothing of political economy and less about how foreign countries are governed. He does not respect learning and prefers 'sport '.The problem set for society is not the virtues of the type so much as its adequacy for its function, and here grave difficulties arise. He refuses to consider sufficiently the wants of the customer, who must buy, not the thing he desires but the thing the English gentleman wants to sell. He attends anadequately to technological development. Disbelieving in the necessity of large-scale production in the modern world, he is
passionately devoted to excessive secrecy, both in finance and method of production. He has an incurable and widespread nepotism in appointment, discounting ability and relying upon a mystic entity called 'character,' which means, in a gentleman's mouth, the qualities he traditionally possesses himself. His lack of imagination and the narrowness of his social loyal ties have ranged against him one of the fundamental estates of the realm. He is incapable of that imaginative realism
which admits that this is a new world to which he must adjust himself and his institutions, that every privilege he formely took as of right he can now attain only by offering proof that it is directly relevant to social welfare.
New words and expressions 生詞短語
professional n. 職業(yè)的
hobby n. 業(yè)余愛好
cast a fly 垂釣
govern vt. 治理
grave a. 嚴(yán)重的
inadequately ad. 不充分地
devoted a. 熱心的
incurable a. 不可救藥的
discount vt. 看輕
entity n. 存在，本質(zhì)
quality n. 品質(zhì)
realm n. 王國
privilege n. 特權(quán)
cultivate vt. 培養(yǎng)
eccentricity n. 怪癖
diplomatic service 外交部門
adequacy n. 適當(dāng)
sufficiently ad. 充分地
disbelieve vt. 不相信
excessive a. 過分的
neotism n. 裙帶關(guān)系
mystic a. 神秘的
narrowness n. 狹隘
estate n. 社會(huì)階層
realism n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義adjust vt. 使適應(yīng)
relevant a. 有關(guān)的difference n. 差異
1.professional n. 職業(yè)的 通常略寫為 prof [反]amateur
[辨異]profession, occupation, job
profession “專業(yè)”，強(qiáng)調(diào) highly skilled/highly educated, such as lawyer, doctor, IT engineer,
architect
occupation: normal and general, everybody can have an occupation.
job 不僅指工作，還可以表示干活，例如家務(wù)活。
You did a good job.
[注意]technical/vocational school 職業(yè)學(xué)校
2.cultivate vt. 培養(yǎng) [同]nurture, develop, foster
cultivate a hobby/habit
He is well cultivated/educated/bred/trained. 他很有教養(yǎng)。
3.hobby n. 業(yè)余愛好