Lesson 12 Banks and their customers銀行和顧客
新概念頻道為大家整理的新概念課程講解第四冊Lesson12 ，供大家參考。更多閱讀請查看本站 新概念英語網(wǎng)頻道
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Why is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer's name on his cheques?
When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor -- who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give in to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques draw by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheques on which its customer's signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted by banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
【參考譯文】
任何人在銀行開一個(gè)活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時(shí)提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。銀行與儲(chǔ)戶的關(guān)系主要是債務(wù)人和債權(quán)人的關(guān)系。究竟誰是債務(wù)人誰是債權(quán)人，要看儲(chǔ)戶是有結(jié)余還是透支。除了這一基本的簡單的概念外，銀行和儲(chǔ)戶彼此還需承擔(dān)大量義務(wù)。其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲(chǔ)戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對(duì)自己不利。
銀行必須遵照儲(chǔ)戶的囑托辦事，不能聽從其他人的指令。比如，儲(chǔ)戶首次在銀行開戶時(shí)，囑咐銀行他的存款只能憑本世人簽字的支票來提取。他把自己簽名的樣本交給銀行，對(duì)此有一條非常嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定：銀行沒有任何權(quán)利或理由把儲(chǔ)戶的錢讓偽造儲(chǔ)戶的支票取走。即使偽造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因?yàn)殂y行有責(zé)任辨認(rèn)出其儲(chǔ)戶的簽名。因此，某些銀行已采用把儲(chǔ)戶印在支票上的作法。這種做法對(duì)儲(chǔ)戶毫無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如果因這種作法出現(xiàn)了偽造的話，受損失的將不是儲(chǔ)戶，而是銀行。1.current adj.通用的，流行的
例句：The current war situation is highly advantageous to us.
目前戰(zhàn)局對(duì)我們極為有利。
2.account n.賬戶
3.cash n.現(xiàn)金
4.debtor n.支票
5.debtor n.借方
6.creditor n.貸方
7.obligation n.義務(wù)
例句：I'm afraid you have an obligation to promote a concert.
恐怕您有義務(wù)幫助組辦音樂會(huì)。
8.complication n.糾紛
例句：She remained innocent of the complications she had caused.
她對(duì)由她所引起的糾紛毫不知曉。
9.debit v.把...記入借方
10.specimen n.樣本
11.forge v.偽造
例句：My signature was forged on the check.
支票上我的簽名是偽造的。
12.forgery n.偽造（文件，簽名等）
例句：He is sent to prison for forgery
因偽造罪他被下牢。
13.adopt v.采用
例句：We adopted the new method of making wine.
我們采用了新的釀酒方法。
14.facilitate v.使便利
例句：Tractors and other agricultural machines greatly facilitate farming.
拖拉機(jī)及其它農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械大大方便了農(nóng)業(yè)耕作。
1.When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person.
Either…or…表示選擇，“或者…或者…”、“不是….就是…”的意思。注意either…or…(整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí))句子中的動(dòng)詞通常要和鄰近的主語相一致。
Either you are wrong, or I am. 不是你錯(cuò)了，就是我錯(cuò)了。
Either you or he is going to get the job. 不是你就是他優(yōu)習(xí)網(wǎng)將獲得這份工作。
Can I borrow either your car or your bike? 我可以借用你的汽車或者你的自行車嗎?
If you’re late, you should make an apology to the host either immediately or later. 如果你遲到了，你應(yīng)該立即或事后向主人道歉。
in favor of贊同,有利于
例句：The judge decided the case in favor of the plaintiff.
法官判定原告勝訴。
I have decided in favor of this plan.
我決定贊成這計(jì)劃。
2. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another.
owe to歸功于
例句：He owed his success to the good upbringing he had.
他的成功歸功于他受到的良好教養(yǎng)。
She owed money to every tradesman in the town.
她欠鎮(zhèn)上所有店主的錢。
in addition to除...之外
例句：Dr. Jones emphasizes exercise in addition to a change in diet..
約翰醫(yī)生強(qiáng)調(diào)不僅要改變飲食還要鍛煉身體。
3.Many of these obligations can give in to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
give in投降,屈服,讓步,交上,宣布
例句：A compliant person gives in easily to other people's views.
一個(gè)(性格)溫順的人很容易順從別人的意見。
4.When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques draw by himself.
in respect of關(guān)與,至于…,就…而言
例句：He is junior to me in respect of service.
他的工齡比我短。
The book is admirable in respect of style.
這本書風(fēng)格極佳。1.When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person.
任何人在銀行開一個(gè)活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時(shí)提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。
2.Many of these obligations can give in to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲(chǔ)戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對(duì)自己不利。
3.He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheques on which its customer's signature has been forged.
他把自己簽名的樣本交給銀行，對(duì)此有一條非常嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定：銀行沒有任何權(quán)利或理由把儲(chǔ)戶的錢讓偽造儲(chǔ)戶的支票取走。
4. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature.
即使偽造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因?yàn)殂y行有責(zé)任辨認(rèn)出其儲(chǔ)戶的簽名。
5.If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
如果因這種作法出現(xiàn)了偽造的話，受損失的將不是儲(chǔ)戶，而是銀行。
新概念頻道為大家整理的新概念課程講解第四冊Lesson12 ，供大家參考。更多閱讀請查看本站 新概念英語網(wǎng)頻道
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Why is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer's name on his cheques?
When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor -- who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give in to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques draw by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheques on which its customer's signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted by banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
【參考譯文】
任何人在銀行開一個(gè)活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時(shí)提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。銀行與儲(chǔ)戶的關(guān)系主要是債務(wù)人和債權(quán)人的關(guān)系。究竟誰是債務(wù)人誰是債權(quán)人，要看儲(chǔ)戶是有結(jié)余還是透支。除了這一基本的簡單的概念外，銀行和儲(chǔ)戶彼此還需承擔(dān)大量義務(wù)。其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲(chǔ)戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對(duì)自己不利。
銀行必須遵照儲(chǔ)戶的囑托辦事，不能聽從其他人的指令。比如，儲(chǔ)戶首次在銀行開戶時(shí)，囑咐銀行他的存款只能憑本世人簽字的支票來提取。他把自己簽名的樣本交給銀行，對(duì)此有一條非常嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定：銀行沒有任何權(quán)利或理由把儲(chǔ)戶的錢讓偽造儲(chǔ)戶的支票取走。即使偽造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因?yàn)殂y行有責(zé)任辨認(rèn)出其儲(chǔ)戶的簽名。因此，某些銀行已采用把儲(chǔ)戶印在支票上的作法。這種做法對(duì)儲(chǔ)戶毫無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如果因這種作法出現(xiàn)了偽造的話，受損失的將不是儲(chǔ)戶，而是銀行。1.current adj.通用的，流行的
例句：The current war situation is highly advantageous to us.
目前戰(zhàn)局對(duì)我們極為有利。
2.account n.賬戶
3.cash n.現(xiàn)金
4.debtor n.支票
5.debtor n.借方
6.creditor n.貸方
7.obligation n.義務(wù)
例句：I'm afraid you have an obligation to promote a concert.
恐怕您有義務(wù)幫助組辦音樂會(huì)。
8.complication n.糾紛
例句：She remained innocent of the complications she had caused.
她對(duì)由她所引起的糾紛毫不知曉。
9.debit v.把...記入借方
10.specimen n.樣本
11.forge v.偽造
例句：My signature was forged on the check.
支票上我的簽名是偽造的。
12.forgery n.偽造（文件，簽名等）
例句：He is sent to prison for forgery
因偽造罪他被下牢。
13.adopt v.采用
例句：We adopted the new method of making wine.
我們采用了新的釀酒方法。
14.facilitate v.使便利
例句：Tractors and other agricultural machines greatly facilitate farming.
拖拉機(jī)及其它農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械大大方便了農(nóng)業(yè)耕作。
1.When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person.
Either…or…表示選擇，“或者…或者…”、“不是….就是…”的意思。注意either…or…(整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí))句子中的動(dòng)詞通常要和鄰近的主語相一致。
Either you are wrong, or I am. 不是你錯(cuò)了，就是我錯(cuò)了。
Either you or he is going to get the job. 不是你就是他優(yōu)習(xí)網(wǎng)將獲得這份工作。
Can I borrow either your car or your bike? 我可以借用你的汽車或者你的自行車嗎?
If you’re late, you should make an apology to the host either immediately or later. 如果你遲到了，你應(yīng)該立即或事后向主人道歉。
in favor of贊同,有利于
例句：The judge decided the case in favor of the plaintiff.
法官判定原告勝訴。
I have decided in favor of this plan.
我決定贊成這計(jì)劃。
2. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another.
owe to歸功于
例句：He owed his success to the good upbringing he had.
他的成功歸功于他受到的良好教養(yǎng)。
She owed money to every tradesman in the town.
她欠鎮(zhèn)上所有店主的錢。
in addition to除...之外
例句：Dr. Jones emphasizes exercise in addition to a change in diet..
約翰醫(yī)生強(qiáng)調(diào)不僅要改變飲食還要鍛煉身體。
3.Many of these obligations can give in to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
give in投降,屈服,讓步,交上,宣布
例句：A compliant person gives in easily to other people's views.
一個(gè)(性格)溫順的人很容易順從別人的意見。
4.When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques draw by himself.
in respect of關(guān)與,至于…,就…而言
例句：He is junior to me in respect of service.
他的工齡比我短。
The book is admirable in respect of style.
這本書風(fēng)格極佳。1.When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person.
任何人在銀行開一個(gè)活期賬戶，就等于把錢借給了銀行。這筆錢他可以隨時(shí)提取，提取的方式可以是取現(xiàn)金，也可以是開一張以他人為收款人的支票。
2.Many of these obligations can give in to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.
其中許多義務(wù)往往引起問題和糾紛。但是儲(chǔ)戶不能像貨物的買主那樣來抱怨法律對(duì)自己不利。
3.He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheques on which its customer's signature has been forged.
他把自己簽名的樣本交給銀行，對(duì)此有一條非常嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定：銀行沒有任何權(quán)利或理由把儲(chǔ)戶的錢讓偽造儲(chǔ)戶的支票取走。
4. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature.
即使偽造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因?yàn)殂y行有責(zé)任辨認(rèn)出其儲(chǔ)戶的簽名。
5.If this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.
如果因這種作法出現(xiàn)了偽造的話，受損失的將不是儲(chǔ)戶，而是銀行。