中考總復(fù)習(xí)之定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)詳解巧練
1. 定語(yǔ)從句的概念:在復(fù)合句中,用來(lái)修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞之后,對(duì)先行詞起修飾限定作用。
e.g. He is the man who I want to see.
先行詞 關(guān)系詞 定語(yǔ)從句
2. 定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞:
定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who (whom, whose)和關(guān)系副詞where, when, why兩種,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間,起聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一定成分。
3. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:
①如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who (whom, whose) 和that。
e.g. This is Xiao Wang who / that gave us a talk yesterday. (who / that在從句中作主語(yǔ))
這就是昨天給我們作報(bào)告的小王。
The man whom / that you saw last week has left the town. (whom / that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
上周你看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人已離開(kāi)了城鎮(zhèn)。
I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. (whose在從句中作定語(yǔ))
我認(rèn)識(shí)的那個(gè)婦女,她的丈夫是個(gè)醫(yī)生。
②如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞時(shí),則用which或that。
e.g. Guilin is a city which / that has a history of 2000 years. (which / that在從句子中作主語(yǔ))
桂林是座具有2000年歷史的城市。
The mooncakes which / that mother cooked taste nice. (which / that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
媽媽做的月餅很好吃。
4. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)方面:
①關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。
e.g.The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.
住在樓下的那個(gè)人英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3年級(jí)的學(xué)生明天去爬山。
②當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),往往可以省略。
e.g. Mrs. Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
你昨天碰見(jiàn)的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。
This is the book (which) you are looking for.
這是那本你正在找的書(shū)。
There are some films (that) I’d like to see. 有幾部電影我想去看。
③口語(yǔ)中作為賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞whom也可用who,且也可以省略。
e.g. The man (whom / who) you were talking about has come to our school.
1. 定語(yǔ)從句的概念:在復(fù)合句中,用來(lái)修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞之后,對(duì)先行詞起修飾限定作用。
e.g. He is the man who I want to see.
先行詞 關(guān)系詞 定語(yǔ)從句
2. 定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞:
定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who (whom, whose)和關(guān)系副詞where, when, why兩種,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間,起聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一定成分。
3. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:
①如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who (whom, whose) 和that。
e.g. This is Xiao Wang who / that gave us a talk yesterday. (who / that在從句中作主語(yǔ))
這就是昨天給我們作報(bào)告的小王。
The man whom / that you saw last week has left the town. (whom / that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
上周你看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人已離開(kāi)了城鎮(zhèn)。
I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. (whose在從句中作定語(yǔ))
我認(rèn)識(shí)的那個(gè)婦女,她的丈夫是個(gè)醫(yī)生。
②如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞時(shí),則用which或that。
e.g. Guilin is a city which / that has a history of 2000 years. (which / that在從句子中作主語(yǔ))
桂林是座具有2000年歷史的城市。
The mooncakes which / that mother cooked taste nice. (which / that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
媽媽做的月餅很好吃。
4. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該注意的幾個(gè)方面:
①關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。
e.g.The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.
住在樓下的那個(gè)人英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3年級(jí)的學(xué)生明天去爬山。
②當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),往往可以省略。
e.g. Mrs. Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
你昨天碰見(jiàn)的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。
This is the book (which) you are looking for.
這是那本你正在找的書(shū)。
There are some films (that) I’d like to see. 有幾部電影我想去看。
③口語(yǔ)中作為賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞whom也可用who,且也可以省略。
e.g. The man (whom / who) you were talking about has come to our school.