Leukemia 　　Leukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get, but it is still very rare. Leukemia involves the blood and blood-forming organs, such as the bone marrow.___1___ 　　A kid with leukemia produces lots of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow. Usually, white blood cells fight infection, but the white blood cells in a person with leukemia don’t work the way they’re supposed to. ___2___The abnormal white blood cells multiply out of control1, filling the bone marrow and making it hard for enough normal, infection-fighting white blood cells to form. Other blood cells — such as red blood cells (that carry oxygen in the blood to the body’s tissues) and platelets (that allow blood to clot) — are also crowded out2 by the white blood cells of leukemia. These cancer cells may also move to other parts of the body, including the bloodstream, where they continue to multiply and build up3. 　　Although leukemia can make kids sick, most of the time it is treatable, and kids get better. Almost all leukemia patients are treated with chemotherapy, which means using anti-cancer drugs. 　　___3___Chemotherapy quickly goes to work, traveling through the blood to the bone marrow. There, the drugs can attack the cancer cells. After several weeks of chemotherapy, many kids begin to feel better. 　　Some children with leukemia will also have to have radiation therapy, too. ___4___ 　　If the cancer isn’t getting better from using the usual amounts of chemotherapy and radiation, then kid with leukemia will probably need more treatment —with higher doses of chemotherapy and radiation to finally kill the cancer cells. But this heavy-duty treatment will also harm the normal cells in the kid’s bone marrow too, and the bone marrow will no longer be able to produce normal blood cells. So, doctors will then give a kid — or anyone else with bone marrow that is no longer working — normal bone marrow tissue from someone else who is healthy. ___5___ 　　詞匯： 　　leukemia 白血病 marrow 髓 innermost 最內(nèi)的，最深處的 　　abnormal 反常的，變態(tài)的 infection 感染 multiply .增加，繁殖 　　platelet 血小板 clot (血等)凝結(jié)成塊 bloodstream 血流 　　chemotherapy 化學療法 catheter 導管 insert 插入，嵌入 　　invisible 看不見的，無形的 cancerous 生癌的;患癌癥的 　　heavy-duty . 重型的;大劑量的 transplant 移植 　　注釋： 　　1.out of control：失去控制;不受控制 　　2.are also crowded out：也被排擠出去 　　3.build up：逐漸積聚;集結(jié) 　　練習： 　　A. The chemotherapy drugs are given through a catheter, a narrow tube that is inserted into a blood vessel, sometimes in the kid’s upper chest. 　　B. Early symptoms of leukemia are often overlooked, since they may resemble symptoms of the flu or other common diseases. 　　C. This is a special procedure called a bone marrow transplant, and it helps the patient make new blood cells so they can recover from the leukemia. 　　D. Bone marrow is the innermost part of some bones where blood cells are first made. 　　E. They don’t protect the person from infections very well. 　　F. Radiation therapy uses invisible high-energy waves (similar to X-rays) to kill cancerous cells. 　答案與題解: 　　1.D前一句提到，白血病涉及血液和造血器官，如骨髓。接下來應首選闡釋骨髓的句子。 　　2.E前一句講，通常情況下，白細胞會對抗感染，但是白血病病人身上的白細胞卻發(fā)揮不了其應當發(fā)揮的作用。這意味著它們不能很好地保護病人免受感染的侵襲。 　　3.A前一句涉及化學療法，即抗癌藥物的使用。接下來應首選表達如何使用化療藥物的句子。 　　4.F前一句講到，有些患白血病的孩子也將接受放射治療。接下來應選擇能夠說明放射治療的句子。 　　5.C此段的主要意思是，接受大劑量化療的白血病患者骨髓可能出現(xiàn)問題，不再正常發(fā)揮作用。這時，醫(yī)生就要把一個正常人的骨髓組織移到他身上。這一醫(yī)療措施的名稱及其作用應該是下一句話所表達的內(nèi)容。