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Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath，or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and’ pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.
The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, “ savusauna”，is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.
Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving, Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion arid speed recovery time. The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying “feed a cold，starve a fever’ The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.
Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs8 of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system9 gets a work out10 as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.
A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions11 at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.
詞匯：
sauna n.(芬蘭式）蒸汽浴，桑拿浴
congestion n.阻塞;擁塞
odor n.氣味，味道
arthritis 關(guān)節(jié)炎
inflammation n.炎(癥）
grime n.污垢；塵垢
cardiovascular adj.心、血 管的
diabetes n.糖尿病
注釋：
1. ceremonial bathing:儀式性的沐浴。許多宗教都有這種以沐浴作為儀式的習(xí)俗。
2. pre-Columbian Americans:哥倫布前的美洲人。Columbian是Columbus的形容詞形式，意思是“哥倫布的”;pre-是前綴,意思是:在……前。pre-Columbian Americans，其完整的意思是: 哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲大陸前的美洲人。
3. fire-pit:火槽
4. relaxing and stress relieving:能使人放松并消除壓力。
5. alleviate congestion and speed recovery time:減輕胸悶感，加快康復(fù)的速度。
6. imitate: to appear like; resemble:像;類似
7. feed a cold, starve a fever:[謗]傷風(fēng)時宜吃，發(fā)熱時宜餓;傷風(fēng)不怕吃，熱病不怕餓。
8. lb: pound(磅)的縮寫形式。
9. cardiovascular system:心血管系統(tǒng)
10. a work out:做名詞用，意為“運動，鍛煉”。
11. sessions:(做某事或進行某活動的)一段時間
練習(xí)：
1. Ceremonial bathing _________.
A) is called the sauna by Finns
B) is equivalent to the steam bath
C) has various forms
D) is held in an enclosed room
2. What is understood by some people to be the true sauna experience?
A) Saunas in underground caves.
B) Saunas with smoke.
C) Saunas using wood burning stoves.
D) Saunas using electric stoves.
3. According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT .
A) reducing the chance of getting cold
B) speeding recovery
C) relieving stress
D) curing asthma
4. According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow because_________.
A) pores are cleaned by sweat
B) water is lost by sweating
C) blood moves to the surface for heat exchange
D) the heart pumps harder and faster
5. Who are advised not to take a sauna?
A) Elderly people.
B) Pregnant women.
C) People with heart trouble.
D) All of the above.
答案與題解：
1. C第一段的第一句告訴我們，ceremonial bathing有多種形式，其中一種是sauna。所以只有C是正確的選項。
2. B根據(jù)文章第二段的第四句，smoke sauna被有些人認(rèn)為是真正的sauna。句中a background odor也是指煙熏的氣味。
3. D 該段最后一句說 The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold; 第四句說 they may help to ... speed recovery time; 第一句說 Saunas are ... stress relieving。 所 以，A、B、C 都是桑拿可以做的。第三句說 Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing,這不足以說明桑拿有治愈哮喘的作用。因此，應(yīng)選擇D項。
4. A該段第三句提供了答案。
5. D文章最后一段告誡幾種人不能蒸桑拿浴，包括心臟病患者、老人、糖尿病患者、孕婦等。所以D是正確的選項。
考生可收藏職稱日語頻道,查看更多關(guān)于職稱英語考試相關(guān)的信息！?。?
Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath，or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and’ pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.
The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, “ savusauna”，is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.
Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving, Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion arid speed recovery time. The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying “feed a cold，starve a fever’ The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.
Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs8 of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system9 gets a work out10 as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.
A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions11 at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.
詞匯：
sauna n.(芬蘭式）蒸汽浴，桑拿浴
congestion n.阻塞;擁塞
odor n.氣味，味道
arthritis 關(guān)節(jié)炎
inflammation n.炎(癥）
grime n.污垢；塵垢
cardiovascular adj.心、血 管的
diabetes n.糖尿病
注釋：
1. ceremonial bathing:儀式性的沐浴。許多宗教都有這種以沐浴作為儀式的習(xí)俗。
2. pre-Columbian Americans:哥倫布前的美洲人。Columbian是Columbus的形容詞形式，意思是“哥倫布的”;pre-是前綴,意思是:在……前。pre-Columbian Americans，其完整的意思是: 哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲大陸前的美洲人。
3. fire-pit:火槽
4. relaxing and stress relieving:能使人放松并消除壓力。
5. alleviate congestion and speed recovery time:減輕胸悶感，加快康復(fù)的速度。
6. imitate: to appear like; resemble:像;類似
7. feed a cold, starve a fever:[謗]傷風(fēng)時宜吃，發(fā)熱時宜餓;傷風(fēng)不怕吃，熱病不怕餓。
8. lb: pound(磅)的縮寫形式。
9. cardiovascular system:心血管系統(tǒng)
10. a work out:做名詞用，意為“運動，鍛煉”。
11. sessions:(做某事或進行某活動的)一段時間
練習(xí)：
1. Ceremonial bathing _________.
A) is called the sauna by Finns
B) is equivalent to the steam bath
C) has various forms
D) is held in an enclosed room
2. What is understood by some people to be the true sauna experience?
A) Saunas in underground caves.
B) Saunas with smoke.
C) Saunas using wood burning stoves.
D) Saunas using electric stoves.
3. According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT .
A) reducing the chance of getting cold
B) speeding recovery
C) relieving stress
D) curing asthma
4. According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow because_________.
A) pores are cleaned by sweat
B) water is lost by sweating
C) blood moves to the surface for heat exchange
D) the heart pumps harder and faster
5. Who are advised not to take a sauna?
A) Elderly people.
B) Pregnant women.
C) People with heart trouble.
D) All of the above.
答案與題解：
1. C第一段的第一句告訴我們，ceremonial bathing有多種形式，其中一種是sauna。所以只有C是正確的選項。
2. B根據(jù)文章第二段的第四句，smoke sauna被有些人認(rèn)為是真正的sauna。句中a background odor也是指煙熏的氣味。
3. D 該段最后一句說 The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold; 第四句說 they may help to ... speed recovery time; 第一句說 Saunas are ... stress relieving。 所 以，A、B、C 都是桑拿可以做的。第三句說 Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing,這不足以說明桑拿有治愈哮喘的作用。因此，應(yīng)選擇D項。
4. A該段第三句提供了答案。
5. D文章最后一段告誡幾種人不能蒸桑拿浴，包括心臟病患者、老人、糖尿病患者、孕婦等。所以D是正確的選項。
考生可收藏職稱日語頻道,查看更多關(guān)于職稱英語考試相關(guān)的信息！?。?