范文為教學(xué)中作為模范的文章，也常常用來指寫作的模板。常常用于文秘寫作的參考，也可以作為演講材料編寫前的參考。寫范文的時候需要注意什么呢？有哪些格式需要注意呢？下面是小編為大家收集的優(yōu)秀范文，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
高考新題型指導(dǎo)語法填空答案篇一
語篇型語法填空是全國新課標(biāo)卷2014年新增題型，這一題型的出現(xiàn)改變了以往用單項填空來考查語法的形式，代之以在短文或者在以具體生活情境為內(nèi)容的對話中考查語法的靈活運用，難度顯然要高于原來的單項填空。
語法填空又稱之為開放式語篇填空，這一題型的測試是根據(jù)德國心理學(xué)家的格式塔心理學(xué)原理和英語語言學(xué)家布朗的語篇分析理論等，從語法的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與語法形式、詞匯的本義和轉(zhuǎn)義以及前后綴的變化、語境語篇的線索以及標(biāo)志詞等方面測試學(xué)生的整體語篇能力。
本題型是在一篇200詞左右的語篇中空出10個空，要求考生在理解上下文情景的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)單詞提示寫出單詞的正確形式，或根據(jù)對原文的理解填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容，所填內(nèi)容不超過三個詞。本題每小題1.5分，滿分15分。
語法填空同時具有單項填空和完形填空兩種題型的特點。單項填空側(cè)重考查學(xué)生對基礎(chǔ)知識的掌握程度，但它局限于考查詞匯和語法知識在簡單情境中的運用，對學(xué)生實際運用語言知識的能力的考查有限。和單項填空相比，語法填空則側(cè)重考查語言知識在具體篇章或?qū)υ捴械倪\用，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的交際功能。完形填空僅側(cè)重考查詞匯在語篇、語境中的運用過程，而語法填空除了考查詞匯外，更側(cè)重考查功能語法，即側(cè)重考查語言的交際功能。從題型的形式看，完形填空給出的四個選項中必有一個供學(xué)生選擇的正確選項，而語法填空只給出空缺，沒有選項，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)語境和自身已掌握的語法與詞匯知識來填空，這對學(xué)生的語言知識的提取和運用提出了更高的要求。
解答語篇型語法填空，考生需要具有全局觀，首先掌握文章的內(nèi)容和主題，然后合理地運用所學(xué)語法及詞匯知識進(jìn)行解題。
1. 通讀全文或者對話，理解大意。
瀏覽全文的目的是把握其大意，為下一步“填空”做好“語義”上的準(zhǔn)備，因為“語義”決定著空白處應(yīng)填一個什么意思的詞語以及應(yīng)該采用什么樣的語法形式。
如果是對話形式，考生首先要確定對話雙方的人物關(guān)系以及談話的主要情境、語氣等，這樣有利于對空白處細(xì)節(jié)的理解和把握。
如果是短文形式，在通讀全文的過程中，為較好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清該文的體裁、題材(話題)、中心思想、寫作主線、段落層次等。對這些問題的了解，有利于考生真正讀懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”時進(jìn)行必要的邏輯推理。
2. 邊讀邊填，先易后難。
在通讀全文、基本了解文章大意之后，就可以動手填空了。填空的過程是一個判斷空白處應(yīng)填詞語的'“語義”(已給出詞語的除外)和正確的語法“形式”的思維過程。遇到一時想不起來或無法確定的題目，先跳過去，不要花費太多的時間停留在一個空上。這些空著的題目，有可能后面的內(nèi)容會給出提示，或者在核查時進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行推理。
3. 驗證復(fù)查，清除難點。
在答題時間充足的情況下，進(jìn)行復(fù)查是必要的。復(fù)查的方法是：將所有答案“填進(jìn)”短文或?qū)υ捴胁⑦M(jìn)行通讀，以最后確定答案。
通讀時要注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，避免出現(xiàn)前后矛盾或句子不通順的問題。
掌握了“題型特點”和“答題技巧”，語法填空題究竟怎么考，還只是停留在理論層面。作為一個新題型，語法填空想要在高考中取得高分，還需要大量的練習(xí)。
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~形式或用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，每空不超過三個單詞。
例一、對話體
mum: (putting on her coat) i'm going to have to go down to the shop for
more bread.
alan: why?
mum: i'm not sure what 1 (happen). i made some sandwiches earlier and
left them on the table 2 i went to answer the phone. but someone
must have taken them because they're 3 (go).
alan: oh, it must have been dad. i'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early).
mum: no, he went off to his tennis match before i finished 5 (make) them,
so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of
sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so i'm sure 7 wasn't him.
alan: (opening the fridge door) well, it wasn't me. but mum, look! are these
your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?
mum: are they there? oh, my goodness. i 9 (put) them in there when the
phone rang. oh, dear. i really must be losing my 10 . now, why did i
put on my coat?
例二、短文體
one of my father's favorite 1 (say) as i was growing up was “try it!” i couldn't say i didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after i tried it. over the years i've come to realize how much of my success i owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. my first job was just one i decided to try for a couple of years until i determined what i wanted to do as a career (職業(yè)). 4 (actual) i believed i would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so i didn't think the job i took mattered that much. i couldn't 6 more mistaken. i mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and i was given the opportunity (機(jī)會) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. i accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “well, i'll try it; 9 i don't like it i can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” but i was with the same company for the past 28 years.
高考新題型指導(dǎo)語法填空答案篇一
語篇型語法填空是全國新課標(biāo)卷2014年新增題型，這一題型的出現(xiàn)改變了以往用單項填空來考查語法的形式，代之以在短文或者在以具體生活情境為內(nèi)容的對話中考查語法的靈活運用，難度顯然要高于原來的單項填空。
語法填空又稱之為開放式語篇填空，這一題型的測試是根據(jù)德國心理學(xué)家的格式塔心理學(xué)原理和英語語言學(xué)家布朗的語篇分析理論等，從語法的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與語法形式、詞匯的本義和轉(zhuǎn)義以及前后綴的變化、語境語篇的線索以及標(biāo)志詞等方面測試學(xué)生的整體語篇能力。
本題型是在一篇200詞左右的語篇中空出10個空，要求考生在理解上下文情景的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)單詞提示寫出單詞的正確形式，或根據(jù)對原文的理解填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容，所填內(nèi)容不超過三個詞。本題每小題1.5分，滿分15分。
語法填空同時具有單項填空和完形填空兩種題型的特點。單項填空側(cè)重考查學(xué)生對基礎(chǔ)知識的掌握程度，但它局限于考查詞匯和語法知識在簡單情境中的運用，對學(xué)生實際運用語言知識的能力的考查有限。和單項填空相比，語法填空則側(cè)重考查語言知識在具體篇章或?qū)υ捴械倪\用，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的交際功能。完形填空僅側(cè)重考查詞匯在語篇、語境中的運用過程，而語法填空除了考查詞匯外，更側(cè)重考查功能語法，即側(cè)重考查語言的交際功能。從題型的形式看，完形填空給出的四個選項中必有一個供學(xué)生選擇的正確選項，而語法填空只給出空缺，沒有選項，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)語境和自身已掌握的語法與詞匯知識來填空，這對學(xué)生的語言知識的提取和運用提出了更高的要求。
解答語篇型語法填空，考生需要具有全局觀，首先掌握文章的內(nèi)容和主題，然后合理地運用所學(xué)語法及詞匯知識進(jìn)行解題。
1. 通讀全文或者對話，理解大意。
瀏覽全文的目的是把握其大意，為下一步“填空”做好“語義”上的準(zhǔn)備，因為“語義”決定著空白處應(yīng)填一個什么意思的詞語以及應(yīng)該采用什么樣的語法形式。
如果是對話形式，考生首先要確定對話雙方的人物關(guān)系以及談話的主要情境、語氣等，這樣有利于對空白處細(xì)節(jié)的理解和把握。
如果是短文形式，在通讀全文的過程中，為較好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清該文的體裁、題材(話題)、中心思想、寫作主線、段落層次等。對這些問題的了解，有利于考生真正讀懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”時進(jìn)行必要的邏輯推理。
2. 邊讀邊填，先易后難。
在通讀全文、基本了解文章大意之后，就可以動手填空了。填空的過程是一個判斷空白處應(yīng)填詞語的'“語義”(已給出詞語的除外)和正確的語法“形式”的思維過程。遇到一時想不起來或無法確定的題目，先跳過去，不要花費太多的時間停留在一個空上。這些空著的題目，有可能后面的內(nèi)容會給出提示，或者在核查時進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行推理。
3. 驗證復(fù)查，清除難點。
在答題時間充足的情況下，進(jìn)行復(fù)查是必要的。復(fù)查的方法是：將所有答案“填進(jìn)”短文或?qū)υ捴胁⑦M(jìn)行通讀，以最后確定答案。
通讀時要注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，避免出現(xiàn)前后矛盾或句子不通順的問題。
掌握了“題型特點”和“答題技巧”，語法填空題究竟怎么考，還只是停留在理論層面。作為一個新題型，語法填空想要在高考中取得高分，還需要大量的練習(xí)。
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~形式或用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，每空不超過三個單詞。
例一、對話體
mum: (putting on her coat) i'm going to have to go down to the shop for
more bread.
alan: why?
mum: i'm not sure what 1 (happen). i made some sandwiches earlier and
left them on the table 2 i went to answer the phone. but someone
must have taken them because they're 3 (go).
alan: oh, it must have been dad. i'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early).
mum: no, he went off to his tennis match before i finished 5 (make) them,
so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of
sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so i'm sure 7 wasn't him.
alan: (opening the fridge door) well, it wasn't me. but mum, look! are these
your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?
mum: are they there? oh, my goodness. i 9 (put) them in there when the
phone rang. oh, dear. i really must be losing my 10 . now, why did i
put on my coat?
例二、短文體
one of my father's favorite 1 (say) as i was growing up was “try it!” i couldn't say i didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after i tried it. over the years i've come to realize how much of my success i owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. my first job was just one i decided to try for a couple of years until i determined what i wanted to do as a career (職業(yè)). 4 (actual) i believed i would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so i didn't think the job i took mattered that much. i couldn't 6 more mistaken. i mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and i was given the opportunity (機(jī)會) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. i accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “well, i'll try it; 9 i don't like it i can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” but i was with the same company for the past 28 years.