一、謂語動詞?？键c：
時態(tài)、語態(tài)、情態(tài)、倒裝、主謂一致
二、謂語動詞的時態(tài)（共有16 種）：
時間：過去、現(xiàn)在、將來、過將（虛擬）
狀態(tài)：一般、進行、完成、完成進行
三、四級考試中主要考的三個時態(tài)：
過去完成時、將來完成時、完成進行時
1、過去完成時：到過去某個點為止所完成的動作；在過去發(fā)生了兩個動作，先過去完成時后一般過去時。
過去完成時與一般過去時常常成對出現(xiàn)。
［P2-53］We _________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A） just have had B） have just had C） just had D） had just had
［P28-25］Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949， it _________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.
A） would be B） has been C） had been D） would have been
注：時態(tài)題，A和D是虛擬語氣，應(yīng)排除。過去完成時所以選C。
A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax， found on his clothes， _______ from the sort of candles used only in churches.
A） had come B） coming C） come D） that came
注：1. because 從句缺謂語
2. 兩個逗號中間的found on his clothes 是插入成分
William Penn， the founder of Pennsylvania， _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion. A） peculiarly B） indifferently C） vigorously D） inevitably
注：1. peculiarly 奇怪地 2. indifferently 冷漠地 3. inevitably 不可避免地
Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker. A） batteries B） bargains C） baskets D） barrels
［P56-23］Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.
A） had he arrived B） would he have arrived C） did he arrive D） should he have arrived
注：Not until 連詞，標(biāo)明從句。主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。
Not until the vacation had begun did I pay tuition.
Not until I had met Lily did I realize the importance of English.
Not until I had met Lily did I realize that learning English is so easy
2、將來完成時：到將來某個點為止所完成的動作。
We‘ll have learned 3000 words by the end of this year.
by then 到那個時候
［P8-45］By the end of this month， we surely _________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A） have found B） will be finding C） will have found D） are finding
［P8-49］Not _________， the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A） obviously B） surprisingly C） particularly D） normally
［P26-39］
It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _________ by about 10%.A） will have risen B） has risen C） will be rising D） has been rising
注：rise to 上升到 rise by 上升了
［P54-55］Between 1974 and 1997，the number of overseas visitors expanded ______ 27%.A） by B） for C） to D） in
［P54-54］It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A） consistent B） continuous C） considerate D） continual
注：continuous 連續(xù)不斷的 considerate 體貼的 continual 時斷時續(xù)的，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的
［P54-56］Although many people view conflict as bad， conflict is sometimes useful ______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.
A） by which B） to which C） in that D） so that 注：in that 因為
［P26-34］We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _________ view.
A） from B） in C） before D） into
［P25-29］Although I like the appearance of the house， what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _________ through the window.
A） vision B） look C） picture D） view
［P24-66］I have no objection _________ the evening with them.
A） to spend B） to spending C） of spending D） spending
［P43-47］My train arrives in New York at eight o‘clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _________ by then. A） would leave B） will have left C） has left D） had left
注：時間狀語從句，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
［P43-51］All flights _________ because of the snowstorm， many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A） had been canceled B） have been canceled C） were canceled D） having been canceled
注：because of 介詞，此句為單句，謂語動詞有一個，所以選非謂語動詞。獨立主格
［P43-53］Remember that customers don’t _________ about prices in that city.
A） debate B） consult C） dispute D） bargain 注：1. bargain 討價還價 2. debate 辯論，爭論 3. consult 咨詢4. dispute 辯論，爭吵 dispute over
［P45-42］By the end of the year all but two people _________.
A） have left B） will leave C） will be leaving D） will have left
［P45-70］Our journey was slow because the train stopped _________ at different villages
.A） unceasingly B） gradually C） continuously D） continually
注：1. journey 旅行2. unceasingly 不停地，連續(xù)不斷地3. gradually 逐漸地
4. continuously 連續(xù)不斷地 5. continually 時斷時續(xù)地，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地
［P44-58］These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A） to that B） besides that C） in that D） except that
［P66-41］By the time you get to New York， I ______ for London.
A） would be leaving B） am leaving C） have already left D） shall have left
［P63-31］By the time he arrives in Beijing， we ______ here for two days.
A） will have stayed B） shall stay C） have been staying D） have stayed
時態(tài)、語態(tài)、情態(tài)、倒裝、主謂一致
二、謂語動詞的時態(tài)（共有16 種）：
時間：過去、現(xiàn)在、將來、過將（虛擬）
狀態(tài)：一般、進行、完成、完成進行
三、四級考試中主要考的三個時態(tài)：
過去完成時、將來完成時、完成進行時
1、過去完成時：到過去某個點為止所完成的動作；在過去發(fā)生了兩個動作，先過去完成時后一般過去時。
過去完成時與一般過去時常常成對出現(xiàn)。
［P2-53］We _________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A） just have had B） have just had C） just had D） had just had
［P28-25］Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949， it _________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.
A） would be B） has been C） had been D） would have been
注：時態(tài)題，A和D是虛擬語氣，應(yīng)排除。過去完成時所以選C。
A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax， found on his clothes， _______ from the sort of candles used only in churches.
A） had come B） coming C） come D） that came
注：1. because 從句缺謂語
2. 兩個逗號中間的found on his clothes 是插入成分
William Penn， the founder of Pennsylvania， _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion. A） peculiarly B） indifferently C） vigorously D） inevitably
注：1. peculiarly 奇怪地 2. indifferently 冷漠地 3. inevitably 不可避免地
Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker. A） batteries B） bargains C） baskets D） barrels
［P56-23］Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.
A） had he arrived B） would he have arrived C） did he arrive D） should he have arrived
注：Not until 連詞，標(biāo)明從句。主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。
Not until the vacation had begun did I pay tuition.
Not until I had met Lily did I realize the importance of English.
Not until I had met Lily did I realize that learning English is so easy
2、將來完成時：到將來某個點為止所完成的動作。
We‘ll have learned 3000 words by the end of this year.
by then 到那個時候
［P8-45］By the end of this month， we surely _________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A） have found B） will be finding C） will have found D） are finding
［P8-49］Not _________， the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A） obviously B） surprisingly C） particularly D） normally
［P26-39］
It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _________ by about 10%.A） will have risen B） has risen C） will be rising D） has been rising
注：rise to 上升到 rise by 上升了
［P54-55］Between 1974 and 1997，the number of overseas visitors expanded ______ 27%.A） by B） for C） to D） in
［P54-54］It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A） consistent B） continuous C） considerate D） continual
注：continuous 連續(xù)不斷的 considerate 體貼的 continual 時斷時續(xù)的，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的
［P54-56］Although many people view conflict as bad， conflict is sometimes useful ______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.
A） by which B） to which C） in that D） so that 注：in that 因為
［P26-34］We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _________ view.
A） from B） in C） before D） into
［P25-29］Although I like the appearance of the house， what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _________ through the window.
A） vision B） look C） picture D） view
［P24-66］I have no objection _________ the evening with them.
A） to spend B） to spending C） of spending D） spending
［P43-47］My train arrives in New York at eight o‘clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _________ by then. A） would leave B） will have left C） has left D） had left
注：時間狀語從句，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
［P43-51］All flights _________ because of the snowstorm， many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A） had been canceled B） have been canceled C） were canceled D） having been canceled
注：because of 介詞，此句為單句，謂語動詞有一個，所以選非謂語動詞。獨立主格
［P43-53］Remember that customers don’t _________ about prices in that city.
A） debate B） consult C） dispute D） bargain 注：1. bargain 討價還價 2. debate 辯論，爭論 3. consult 咨詢4. dispute 辯論，爭吵 dispute over
［P45-42］By the end of the year all but two people _________.
A） have left B） will leave C） will be leaving D） will have left
［P45-70］Our journey was slow because the train stopped _________ at different villages
.A） unceasingly B） gradually C） continuously D） continually
注：1. journey 旅行2. unceasingly 不停地，連續(xù)不斷地3. gradually 逐漸地
4. continuously 連續(xù)不斷地 5. continually 時斷時續(xù)地，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地
［P44-58］These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A） to that B） besides that C） in that D） except that
［P66-41］By the time you get to New York， I ______ for London.
A） would be leaving B） am leaving C） have already left D） shall have left
［P63-31］By the time he arrives in Beijing， we ______ here for two days.
A） will have stayed B） shall stay C） have been staying D） have stayed