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        考研英語高頻詞匯常考詞義、近義詞辨析(1)

        字號:

        十一長假已過,對于參加考研的考生來說,距離考試的時(shí)間又臨近了,已不足百天,到了真正關(guān)鍵的沖刺時(shí)刻??佳杏⒄Z一直是大家備考的重點(diǎn),詞匯更是基礎(chǔ)。
            新東方在線網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂考研英語輔導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊(duì)根據(jù)多年輔導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗(yàn),現(xiàn)將考研英語歷年高頻詞匯的常考詞義進(jìn)行了列舉,對加入了近義詞辨析及例句總結(jié)。希望廣大考生能從這些總結(jié)、歸納中吸引考試中的精華內(nèi)容,提高復(fù)習(xí)效率。以下是第一部分,后續(xù)詞匯將會陸續(xù)與廣大考生分享。
            1.adherence和adhesion
            這兩個(gè)詞都是"粘附的"意思。
            adherence用于比喻的意思。
            例如:His adherence to the strict letter of the law.
            adhesion是指物質(zhì)上的。
            2. adjacent,adjoining,和contiguous
            這些詞都有next to"緊挨"的意思。
            adjacent"毗鄰的,鄰近的",但它們可能并不相互直接接觸。
            adjoining和contiguous指相互接觸,通常之間有一個(gè)edge或boundary.
            3.admission和admittance
            它們都有"the act of entering"的意思。
            但admission用于公共場合。
            The price of admission to the gallery is$5.
            admittance不指公共場合,一般指私人的住所。
            4. adopted和adoptive
            adopted"收養(yǎng)的,過繼的"
            an adopted son(daughter)養(yǎng)子(女);
            my adopted country我所入籍的國家;
            adopted words外來語;
            adoptive"收養(yǎng)的",我們說adoptive parents,但很少說adoptive child;
            "采用的","假冒的"an adoptive courage假充勇敢。
            5.averse和adverse
            adverse"不利的,反對的",用于事,不用于人。
            adverse weather conditions;an adverse reaction.
            averse"嫌惡的,反對的,不樂意的",常和"to"一起使用,而且用否定形式。
            6.advise和advice
            advise"勸告"(動(dòng)詞);advice"勸告"(名詞)。
            7.affect和effect
            affect"影響"vt.,它的第二個(gè)意思是"假裝",
            Though she affected indifference,I knew she was really very upset.
            effect n."結(jié)果","效力"。vt."產(chǎn)生","導(dǎo)致",它比"to cause,to bring out"更為正式。
            His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.
            8.all ready和already
            all ready意思是"completely prepared"
            already"已經(jīng)"。He had already had his lunch.
            9.altogether和all together
            altogether(in total)"總共"
            all together意思是"in a group"。
            如:We put the sheep all together in one field.
            這兩個(gè)詞還可以分開。We put all the sheep together in one field.
            10. allude和elude
            allude"暗指","暗示","(婉轉(zhuǎn))提到"。
            elude(to avoid or escape)"閃避,躲避"。
            如:to elude sb.'s grasp逃脫,沒有被逮?。?BR>    to elude the law規(guī)避法律。
            The meaning eludes me.那個(gè)意義我摸不透。
            11.illusion和delusion
            illusion"幻覺,錯(cuò)覺"
            be under no illusion about sth.對某事不存幻想。
            delusion"欺騙,迷惑"
            He suffers from the delusion that he's attractive to women.
            他糊里糊涂地認(rèn)為自己對女人很有吸引力。
            12.amended和emend
            amended(to alter or add to something)"訂正,改正","修正(議案等)"。an amended bill修正案;amend one's ways改過自新。
            emend(to correct errors in)"校訂"。
            emend the text of a book??蹦硶?BR>    He emended the typescript before sending it to the printers.
            在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。
            13.amicable和amiable
            這兩個(gè)詞都是指"友好的"意思。
            amicable"友好的,親切的"指行為或情景。
            The discussions were amicable,though businesslike.
            討論雖然是商業(yè)形式,但也是友好的。
            amiable"可愛的,和藹可親的"多用于修飾人。
            Many people are afraid of him,though I found him to be perfectly amiable.
            雖然我發(fā)現(xiàn)他特別和藹可親,但還是有很多人害怕他。
            14.assent和ascent
            assent可用作"agreement""同意"或"agree""同意"。
            ascent n."上升,晉升"。the ascent of mountain登山。
            15.avert和avoid
            avert"防止,避免"。
            avoid"回避,逃避"。avoid bad company避免和壞人來往;
            I cannot avoid seeing him.我不能不見他。
            16.besides和beside
            besides意思是"in addition to""加之,還有,另外";
            而beside"在……旁邊","在……一側(cè)"。
            Duncan is the tall man standing beside my father.
            站在我爸爸旁邊的高個(gè)子男子是鄧肯。
            17.coherence和cohesion
            coherence"統(tǒng)一,一致性";cohesion"結(jié)合力,團(tuán)結(jié)"。
            the cohesion of molecules分子的結(jié)合力。
            18. compare with和compare to
            compare with"和……比起來"
            compare to"好比"。
            He compared the moon to a silver plate.他把月亮比成一個(gè)大銀盤。
            19.impel和compel
            impel"推動(dòng),驅(qū)使,激勵(lì)"。impel sb. to do sth.激勵(lì)某人做某事;
            compel"強(qiáng)迫,脅迫,迫使"。compel sb. to one's will強(qiáng)迫人服從自己。
            20.complement和compliment
            complement"補(bǔ)足(物),補(bǔ)全","補(bǔ)足語"。
            compliment"恭維話,贊辭,敬意";
            Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光臨,不勝榮幸。
            21.confident和confidant
            confident"深信,確信,自信"。
            confidant"心腹朋友"。
            She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help.
            她沒有知心朋友來幫助或是勸告她。
            22.continual和continuous
            continual"連續(xù),繼續(xù)":"頻繁的";
            continual bouts of toothache一陣接一陣的牙痛。(這中間可能有停頓或間斷。)
            continuous"連續(xù)"(指從不間斷的);
            We've had three weeks of continuous rain.我們這里連續(xù)三周下雨不停。
            23.might和could
            might表明"possibility"。
            could用來表明"permission"。
            Mum said we could(might)go to the football match.
            24.council和counsel
            council"議事機(jī)構(gòu)",委員會;a cabinet council內(nèi)閣會議。
            counsel"商議,勸告";follow sb.'s counsel close牢記某人忠告。
            25.creditable和credible
            creditable"聲譽(yù)好的,可稱許(贊揚(yáng))的";
            credible"可信的,可靠的"
            He's the only one without a credible alibi(辯解,托辭)。
            他是一個(gè)沒有可信托辭的人。
            26.decisive和decided
            decisive"果斷的,斷然的";decisive measures斷然的措施。
            decided"明確的,無疑的";a decided success明顯的成功。
            27.defective和deficient
            defective(having a fault or flaw)"有缺陷的"。
            deficient(lacking in what is needed)"不足的";be deficient in欠缺。
            28.definite和definitive
            definite(certain or clear,not vague)"明確的,一定的"。
            definitive(authoritative,that cannot be improved)"限定的,決定性的,后的";
            definitive host宿主;definitive organs定形器官;definitive sentence后判決。
            29.dependant和dependent
            dependant n.(one who depends on another for support)受贍養(yǎng)者。
            dependent adj."依靠的,依賴的";
            He's still dependent on state benefit.
            The rate of relief is dependent on one's income.
            30.discreet和discrete
            discreet"考慮周到的,慎重的"。
            discrete"分離的,分裂的";
            On closer examination,we find that the pattern is formed from thousands of discrete dots of colors.