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        2000年01月英語四級試題(閱讀)2

        字號:

        25. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this pass age?
            A) Optimistic. B) Critical. C) Objective. D) Arbitrary.
            Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
            Believe it or not, optical illusion (錯覺) can cut highway crashes.Japan is a case in point.It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nea rly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion.Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形) painted on the roads make drivers think that they are d riving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the
            American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C.is planning to rep eat Japan’s success.Starting next
            year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive speed plays a major role role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation .To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the greatest - curves,exit slopes,traffic c ircles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half.However, t raffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar.Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impress ion that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane sppea r to be narrower.The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
            26. The passage mainly discusses .
            A) a new way of highway speed control
            B) a new pattern for painting highways
            C) a new approach to training drivers
            D) a new type of optical illusion
            27. On roads painted with chevrons drivers tend to feel that.
            A) they should avoid speed - related hazards
            B) they are driving in the wrong lane
            C) they should slow down their speed
            D) they are approaching the speed limit
            28. The advantage of chevrons over straight,horizontal bars is that the former .
            A) can keep drivers awake
            B) can cut road accidents in half
            C) will have a longer effect on drivers
            D) will look more attractive
            29. The American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to .
            A) try out the Japanese method in certain areas
            B) change the road signs across the country
            C) replace straight,horizontal bars with chevrons
            D) repeat the Japanese road patterns
            30. What does the author say about straight,horizontal bars painted acr oss roads?
            A) They are falling out of use in the United States.
            B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.
            C) They are applicable only on broad roads.
            D) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.
            Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
            Amtrak(美國鐵路客運公司)was experiencing a downswing in riders hip (客運量) along the lines comprising its rail system.Of major concern t o Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long - distance wester n routes where ridership had been declining significantly.At one time, trains w ere the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west.Trains were fast, ver,’luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time.However,
            times change and the automolile became America’s standard of convenience.Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances .Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order t o change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be consid ered for travel in the west.Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anxious fliers - those concermed with safety
            ,relaxation, and cleanliness and 2) travel - lovers - those viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel ecperience as part of their vacation.The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape,relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors.It stressed experiences gained by u sing the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.Adver tisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along s ome of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder,etc.).These ads were strategically placed among family - oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order t o most effectively reach target audiences.Resultswere impressive.The Empire Bu ilder.Which was focused on in one ad.enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.