所謂攻略,第一要務(wù)是弄清楚攻的目標(biāo)是什么?有什么特點(diǎn)?應(yīng)當(dāng)采取哪些措施?新四級考試的快速閱讀部分頻繁出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)上求職、找工作、教育國際化等方面的文章,比如2007年12月份快速閱讀文章的主題就是大學(xué)教育的國際化趨勢。只要掌握了正確的方法,快速閱讀相對來說是個比較容易得分的部分。一般來說,快速閱讀部分考查考生面對大量信息時迅速找到所需信息的能力。可分以下幾個步驟來應(yīng)對:
1、讀懂題目要求,找出題目中的題眼,即考查的信息點(diǎn);
2、找出題目中最中心的詞或者短句;本文來源:考試大網(wǎng)
3、根據(jù)從題目中獲得的信息回到原文,尋找答案。針對本文中討論的就業(yè)類和教育類文章有何特定的解題技巧,下面將結(jié)合真題對之進(jìn)行分析,以求提出實(shí)際的解決方案。
一、就業(yè)類例
Protect Your Privacy When Job-Hunting Online...
1. Check for a privacy policy. ... Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive ...
2. Take advantage of site features. ... CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is ...The second is ...The third is ...
3. Safeguard your identity. ... Replace your name on your resume with a generic identifier, such as "Intranet Developer Candidate", or "Experienced Marketing Representative"... )
4. Establish an email address for your search. ...
5. Protect your references. ...
6. Keep confidential (機(jī)密的) information confidential. ...
這是2007年6月快速閱讀真題,主題為"如何在上網(wǎng)找工作時保護(hù)隱私"。此篇為較典型的針對就業(yè)中遇到的問題提出解決方案的選文,其結(jié)構(gòu)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的總分模式,即在中心意思描述清楚之后分述各個分論點(diǎn)。因此,熟悉就業(yè)類選材的這種特點(diǎn),考生便可抓住分論點(diǎn)、"題眼"以及分論點(diǎn)中描述內(nèi)容的中心句或句中的中心詞大做文章了。
題1:It is important that your resume not stay online longer than is necessary.
解析:此題根據(jù)題眼"resume not stay ... longer"鎖定第一小點(diǎn)中的"Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive ..."可知,簡歷在網(wǎng)上放置的時間越長,隱私暴露的時間也越長。故為Y。
題2:Of the three options offered by Career Builder.com in Suggestion 2, the third one is apparently most strongly recommended.
解析:此題根據(jù)題眼"Career Builder.com in Suggestion 2"鎖定第二小點(diǎn)中提到的三個"隱私保護(hù)等級"可知,文章只是介紹這三種等級,并未強(qiáng)烈推薦第三種等級。故為NG。
題3:Applicants are advised to use generic names for themselves and their current employers when seeking employment online.
解析:此題根據(jù)題眼"generic names"鎖定第三小點(diǎn)中"Replace your name on your resume with a generic identifier, such as 'Intranet Developer Candidate’, or 'Experienced Marketing Representative’"可知,應(yīng)聘者應(yīng)該把名字設(shè)置為泛指的名字,比如"網(wǎng)絡(luò)研發(fā)應(yīng)聘人"或"資深市場銷售代表"等。故為Y。
二、教育類
例:
Universities Branch Out...
people has made universities a powerful force for global integration,...
In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global
... ... Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent,
...... Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity —and providing the financial resources to make it possible
.... Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools ...... Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University,
......, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health dou-bled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then
... ... In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, ...Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being
..., but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness ...
這是2007年12月快速閱讀真題,主題為"教育國際化"。相對于以上總結(jié)的就業(yè)類選文沒有呈現(xiàn)出明顯的逐個論述小論點(diǎn)的模式,但是把文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)尤其每段的中心句提煉出來,會發(fā)現(xiàn)此類選文的結(jié)構(gòu)十分類似,即總論之后從各個方面進(jìn)行分論闡述。故考生在做題時也是有章法可循的。
題1:Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased _____.
A) by 2.5 million
B) by 800,000
C) at an annual rate of 3.9 percent
D) at an annual rate of 8 percent
解析:由于選文的行文格式不是很明顯的數(shù)字排列模式,故設(shè)題多以數(shù)字、年代、專有名詞等為考點(diǎn)。此題的題眼為"three decades, enrollment, overseas students",故鎖定第三段中"Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, ..."即在過去的30年中,離開家鄉(xiāng)到海外求學(xué)的學(xué)生人數(shù)以每年3.9%的比率增長。故選C)。
題2:The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ________.
解析:此題根據(jù)專有名詞"September 11",鎖定倒數(shù)第二段中"In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, ..."即"9.11事件"之后,簽證程序有了變化,赴美求學(xué)的學(xué)生減少了很多。故此題答案應(yīng)該是changes in the visa process。總之,快速閱讀的解題核心技巧是用最快的速度抓住文章最重要的內(nèi)容以及題目所涉及到的內(nèi)容。這要求考生在閱讀時要有選擇性:該讀的讀,不該讀的跳。具體來說,首要的是要掌握不同題材選文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),在篇章的層次上能夠判斷一篇文章重要的段落在哪兒,跳過不重要的段落;在句子的層面上能夠分清哪部分重要,哪些應(yīng)該略過。
Try out
1. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?
A) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.
B) They offer them various courses in international politics.
C) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.
D) They give them chances for international study or internship.
2. An example illustrating the general trend of universities’ globalization is_______.
A) Yale’s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research
B) Yale’s helping Chinese universities to launch research projects
C) Yale’s student exchange program with European institutions
D) Yale’s establishing branch campuses throughout the world
3. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?
A) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.
B) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.
C) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.
D) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.
答案&解析
1. 選D)。此題根據(jù)"Yale and Harvard"鎖定第四段中"Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity —and providing the financial re-sources to make it possible."即"耶魯與哈佛兩所學(xué)府在這方面做出了表率,為每位在校生提供至少一次去外國學(xué)習(xí)或者實(shí)習(xí)的機(jī)會,為使之成行還提供經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。"
2. 選A)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可以確定信息定位點(diǎn)在Yale,帶著這個信息點(diǎn)回到第五段中"Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools."即"耶魯負(fù)責(zé)的人類疾病基因研究中心設(shè)在上海的復(fù)旦大學(xué),來自兩所大學(xué)的研究人員共同合作致力于這方面的研究。"
3. 選C)。Silicon Valley是此題的題眼。找到第六段中"Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, ..."即"硅谷是斯坦福大學(xué)特意創(chuàng)建的"
1、讀懂題目要求,找出題目中的題眼,即考查的信息點(diǎn);
2、找出題目中最中心的詞或者短句;本文來源:考試大網(wǎng)
3、根據(jù)從題目中獲得的信息回到原文,尋找答案。針對本文中討論的就業(yè)類和教育類文章有何特定的解題技巧,下面將結(jié)合真題對之進(jìn)行分析,以求提出實(shí)際的解決方案。
一、就業(yè)類例
Protect Your Privacy When Job-Hunting Online...
1. Check for a privacy policy. ... Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive ...
2. Take advantage of site features. ... CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is ...The second is ...The third is ...
3. Safeguard your identity. ... Replace your name on your resume with a generic identifier, such as "Intranet Developer Candidate", or "Experienced Marketing Representative"... )
4. Establish an email address for your search. ...
5. Protect your references. ...
6. Keep confidential (機(jī)密的) information confidential. ...
這是2007年6月快速閱讀真題,主題為"如何在上網(wǎng)找工作時保護(hù)隱私"。此篇為較典型的針對就業(yè)中遇到的問題提出解決方案的選文,其結(jié)構(gòu)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的總分模式,即在中心意思描述清楚之后分述各個分論點(diǎn)。因此,熟悉就業(yè)類選材的這種特點(diǎn),考生便可抓住分論點(diǎn)、"題眼"以及分論點(diǎn)中描述內(nèi)容的中心句或句中的中心詞大做文章了。
題1:It is important that your resume not stay online longer than is necessary.
解析:此題根據(jù)題眼"resume not stay ... longer"鎖定第一小點(diǎn)中的"Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive ..."可知,簡歷在網(wǎng)上放置的時間越長,隱私暴露的時間也越長。故為Y。
題2:Of the three options offered by Career Builder.com in Suggestion 2, the third one is apparently most strongly recommended.
解析:此題根據(jù)題眼"Career Builder.com in Suggestion 2"鎖定第二小點(diǎn)中提到的三個"隱私保護(hù)等級"可知,文章只是介紹這三種等級,并未強(qiáng)烈推薦第三種等級。故為NG。
題3:Applicants are advised to use generic names for themselves and their current employers when seeking employment online.
解析:此題根據(jù)題眼"generic names"鎖定第三小點(diǎn)中"Replace your name on your resume with a generic identifier, such as 'Intranet Developer Candidate’, or 'Experienced Marketing Representative’"可知,應(yīng)聘者應(yīng)該把名字設(shè)置為泛指的名字,比如"網(wǎng)絡(luò)研發(fā)應(yīng)聘人"或"資深市場銷售代表"等。故為Y。
二、教育類
例:
Universities Branch Out...
people has made universities a powerful force for global integration,...
In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global
... ... Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent,
...... Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity —and providing the financial resources to make it possible
.... Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools ...... Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University,
......, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health dou-bled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then
... ... In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, ...Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being
..., but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness ...
這是2007年12月快速閱讀真題,主題為"教育國際化"。相對于以上總結(jié)的就業(yè)類選文沒有呈現(xiàn)出明顯的逐個論述小論點(diǎn)的模式,但是把文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)尤其每段的中心句提煉出來,會發(fā)現(xiàn)此類選文的結(jié)構(gòu)十分類似,即總論之后從各個方面進(jìn)行分論闡述。故考生在做題時也是有章法可循的。
題1:Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased _____.
A) by 2.5 million
B) by 800,000
C) at an annual rate of 3.9 percent
D) at an annual rate of 8 percent
解析:由于選文的行文格式不是很明顯的數(shù)字排列模式,故設(shè)題多以數(shù)字、年代、專有名詞等為考點(diǎn)。此題的題眼為"three decades, enrollment, overseas students",故鎖定第三段中"Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, ..."即在過去的30年中,離開家鄉(xiāng)到海外求學(xué)的學(xué)生人數(shù)以每年3.9%的比率增長。故選C)。
題2:The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ________.
解析:此題根據(jù)專有名詞"September 11",鎖定倒數(shù)第二段中"In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, ..."即"9.11事件"之后,簽證程序有了變化,赴美求學(xué)的學(xué)生減少了很多。故此題答案應(yīng)該是changes in the visa process。總之,快速閱讀的解題核心技巧是用最快的速度抓住文章最重要的內(nèi)容以及題目所涉及到的內(nèi)容。這要求考生在閱讀時要有選擇性:該讀的讀,不該讀的跳。具體來說,首要的是要掌握不同題材選文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),在篇章的層次上能夠判斷一篇文章重要的段落在哪兒,跳過不重要的段落;在句子的層面上能夠分清哪部分重要,哪些應(yīng)該略過。
Try out
1. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?
A) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.
B) They offer them various courses in international politics.
C) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.
D) They give them chances for international study or internship.
2. An example illustrating the general trend of universities’ globalization is_______.
A) Yale’s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research
B) Yale’s helping Chinese universities to launch research projects
C) Yale’s student exchange program with European institutions
D) Yale’s establishing branch campuses throughout the world
3. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?
A) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.
B) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.
C) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.
D) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.
答案&解析
1. 選D)。此題根據(jù)"Yale and Harvard"鎖定第四段中"Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity —and providing the financial re-sources to make it possible."即"耶魯與哈佛兩所學(xué)府在這方面做出了表率,為每位在校生提供至少一次去外國學(xué)習(xí)或者實(shí)習(xí)的機(jī)會,為使之成行還提供經(jīng)濟(jì)支持。"
2. 選A)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可以確定信息定位點(diǎn)在Yale,帶著這個信息點(diǎn)回到第五段中"Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools."即"耶魯負(fù)責(zé)的人類疾病基因研究中心設(shè)在上海的復(fù)旦大學(xué),來自兩所大學(xué)的研究人員共同合作致力于這方面的研究。"
3. 選C)。Silicon Valley是此題的題眼。找到第六段中"Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, ..."即"硅谷是斯坦福大學(xué)特意創(chuàng)建的"