25 man:this isn’t the dish i ordered,but i’m glad i got it.it’s delicious.
    woman:as far as i’m concerned, the waiter should still hear about it.
    Question 36 through 39;
    man:let’s say you are geologist,and u want to investigatethe geological
    histroy of a place.that is,how did geologists determine things
    like...say ..how were the rocks formed? or was an area once under water?if
    so,when?how should u about it?
    woman:i’d start with stratigraphy.
    man:could u explain what this is to the class?
    woman:well,stratigraphy is the description of strata in sedimentary rock.i
    guess that’s not so clear,huh?ok,let’s say one of the investigators thought
    near a river,for example.well, over the history of the area,every time the
    river flooded,it would deposit a layer of sediment all through with
    flooded,it would deposit a layer of sediment all through with
    floodplain.sometimes a bigger layer,sometimes a smaller,depending on the
    size of the flood. well, one layer or stratum gets deposited over
    another.obviously these strata built up over millions of years.
    Stratigraphy is the study of these layers of deposited settlement.
    man:so does that mean if i exmaine each of these strata,i can tell how long
    ago each one is deposited?
    woman:not necessarily.u see,there might’ve been some years when the river
    didn’t flood and no settlement was deposited.you need other kinds of
    evidence to tell how much time might’ve gone by between when one layer got
    deposited and one on top of it got deposited.
    man:and what are those other kinds of evidence u are talking about?
    woman:well,fossils for one.u can determine exactly how old a fossil is and
    that’s how u can tell how the rock surrounding it is.
    man:very good.the discovery of that particular technique is an interesting
    story.it was a man named William Smith who first used fossils for the
    purpose of dating strata back in the 1800s.let’s take a look at how he went
    about making this geological breakthrough.
    36 what is the discussionmainly about?
    37 what does the woman explain when she talks about rivers?
    38 according to the discussion,why are geologists unable to determine the
    geological age of an area by studying sediment deposit alone?
    39 what will the class paobably discuss next?
    Question 40 through 43;
    Recently some anthropologist conducated an interesting case study in
    ehnology. now ethnology as u reacall is a branch of anthropology that deal
    with how various cultrues develped change. the study was about the
    development of basket weaving by African-american women who live in the
    town of Mount Pleasant,South Carolina.the town is known for its high
    quality sweet grass baskets which are woven bye these women.they’ve been
    weaving the baskets for generations,handing down the skiss from mother to
    daughter. some of the baskets have been place on permanent display at the
    Philadelphia Museum of Art.the origin of their basket weaing dates back to
    the 17th century and even earlier when these women’s ancestors came to the
    United States from the west coast of Africa. Now,it’s mainly a hobby.but
    back in the 17th and 18th century African and American women wove the
    baskets for use on hte rice plantations.there were two types of backets
    then:workbaskets and baskets for use in the home. the wrokbaskets were made
    out of the more delicate sweet grass.they were used for everything from
    fruit baskets to baby cradles.
    40 what is the talk mainly about?
    41 how did the women mentioned in the talk learn to wave basket?
    42 according to the speaker,what type of baskets was make out of bulrush?
    43 what is the main reason taht the women in South Carolina now weave
    baskets?
    Questions 44 through 46:
    this morning i want to tell u about a recent scientific discovery dealing
    with the relation between plants and animals.this is about a desert shrub
    whose leaves can shoot up a stream of poisonous resin a distance of six
    feet.do you think it would be safe from all attacks by insects.but a recent
    study has found one insect,a beetle,that can chew its way past the plant’s
    defense system by cutting the mainly vein that delivers the poison to the
    leaves.this vein cutting is jut one method the beetles used to prepare a
    safe meal.another is by cutting a path all the way across the leave to hold
    the flow of chemicals.then they simply eat between the veins of poison.in
    the past,scienists who studied inset adaptation to plant defenses have
    focused on chemical responses.that is,how the insects can neutrala or alter
    the poisonous substances plants produce.what’s unique about this chewing
    strategy is that the beetle is actually exhibiting a behavior response to
    the plant’s defenses rather than the more commom chemical response. it is
    only after a beetle’s survived weveral encounters with the plant’ resin
    that it learns how to avoid the poison:by chewing through the resin
    transporting veins on the next leaf it eats.and thus gives itself a
    meal.however,it can take a bettle an hours an a half of careful vein
    cutting to prepare a small leaf that takes it only a few minutes to
    eat.so,though the method is effective,it’s not very efficient.
    41 what is the talk mainly about?
    42 what is unusual about the desert plant?
    43 how can the beetles avoid being poisoned by the plant?
    Questions 47 through 50:
    we’re going to start our discussion of poetry in Western Europe with the
    Iliad and the Odyssey.these two great poems stand out as great examples of
    the earliest Euopean poems.they are believeed to have been written some
    time between 800BC and 700BC,partly because the poems refer to the social
    conditions of that time,conditions that have been validated by the findings
    of archeologists.but just who was the poet who laid down these cornerstones
    of western literature?well,tradition ascribles them to a man named
    Homer,but we know virtually nothing about this Homer.In fact,some say that
    such a poet never existed at all,that neither the Iliad nor the Odyssey was
    written by a single poet,but rather each poem is composed of the writings
    of several people.this,anyway,is the view of a school of literary critics
    in the 18th century known as the Analysts. the Analysts pointed to internal
    evidence such as variations in the literary devices used in the poem to
    argue that each work waaas in fact a collection of sereral poems by several
    Greek authors.Opposing the ananlysts were a second group of scholars called
    the Unitarian. they insisted that the Iliad and the Odyssey could have been
    the wrok of single poetic genius.To support their argument,they stress
    among other things the consistency of the character portrayed in the
    poetry.this wouldn’t’ve been possilbe,they said,if they were written by
    many different poets.now how we look at the Homeric question today has been
    greatly influenced by someone named Milman Parry,an American scholar who
    first presented his ideas about Homer in the 1930s. so let’s take a look at
    Parry’s research and how it affects what modern day scholars think about
    Homer.
    47 what aspect of the Iliad and the Odyssey does the professor mainly
    discuss?
    48 according to the professor,what is one of the claims made by the
    analysts?
    49 According to the Unitarians,what is one type of evidence that a single
    poet could have written both the Iliad and the Odyssey?
    50 What will the professor probably talk about next?