四、定語從句的漢譯
1、只要是比較短的，或者雖然較長，但漢譯后放在被修飾語之前仍然很通順，一般的就放在被修飾語之前，這種譯法叫做逆序合譯法。 例如：
(1)The speed of wave is the distance it advances per unit time. (波速是波在單位時間內(nèi)前進的距離)。
(2)The light wave that has bounced off the reflecting surface is called the reflected ray(從反射表面跳回的光波稱為反射線。)
(3)stainless steel, hick is very popular for its resistance to rusting, contains large percentage of chromium.(具有突出防銹性能的不銹鋼含鉻的百分比很高。)來源：www.examda.com
2、定語從句較長，或者雖然不長，但漢譯時放在被修飾語之前實在不通順的就后置，作為詞組或分句。這種譯法叫做順序分譯法。例如：
(1)Each kind of atom seems to have a definite number of"hands"that it can use to hold on to others.
每一種原子似乎都有一定數(shù)目的“手”，用來抓牢其它原子。(順序分譯法)每一種原子似乎都有一定數(shù)目用于抓牢其它原子的手。(逆序合譯法)這句限制性定語從句雖然不長，但用順序分譯法譯出的譯文要比用逆序合譯法更為通順。來源：www.examda.com
(2)Let AB in the figure above represent an inclined plane the surface of which is smooth and unbending.
設(shè)上圖中AB代表一個傾斜平面，其表面光滑不彎。(順序分譯法)
設(shè)上圖中AB代表一個其表面為光滑不彎的傾斜平面。(逆序合譯法)上面兩種譯法，看來也是用順序分譯法比用逆序合譯法更為通順 簡明。
3、定語從句較長，與主句關(guān)聯(lián)又不緊密，漢譯時就作為獨立句放在主句之后。這種譯法仍然是順序分譯法。例如：
(1)Such a slow compression carries the gas through a series of states. each of which is very nearly an equilibrium state and it is called a quasi-static or a" nearly static" process.
這樣的緩慢壓縮能使這種氣體經(jīng)歷一系列的狀態(tài)，但各狀態(tài)都很接近于平衡狀態(tài)，所以叫做準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)過程，或"近似穩(wěn)定"過程。
(2)Friction wears away metal in the moving parts, which shortens their working life.
運動部件間的摩擦力使金屬磨損，這就縮短了運動部件的使用壽命。
4、There + be句型中的限制性定語從句漢譯時往往可以把主句中的主語和定語從句溶合一起，譯成一個獨立的句子。這種譯法叫做溶合法，也叫拆譯法。例如：
(1)There are bacteria that help plants grow, others that get rid of dead animals and plants by making them decay, and some that live in soil and make it better for growing crops.
有些細(xì)菌能幫助植物生長，另一些細(xì)菌則通過腐蝕來消除死去的動物和植物，還有一些細(xì)菌則生活在土壤里，使土壤變得對種植莊稼更有好處。
(2)There is a one-seated which you could learn to drive in fifty minutes.
有一種單座式汽車，五十分鐘就能讓你學(xué)會駕駛
1、只要是比較短的，或者雖然較長，但漢譯后放在被修飾語之前仍然很通順，一般的就放在被修飾語之前，這種譯法叫做逆序合譯法。 例如：
(1)The speed of wave is the distance it advances per unit time. (波速是波在單位時間內(nèi)前進的距離)。
(2)The light wave that has bounced off the reflecting surface is called the reflected ray(從反射表面跳回的光波稱為反射線。)
(3)stainless steel, hick is very popular for its resistance to rusting, contains large percentage of chromium.(具有突出防銹性能的不銹鋼含鉻的百分比很高。)來源：www.examda.com
2、定語從句較長，或者雖然不長，但漢譯時放在被修飾語之前實在不通順的就后置，作為詞組或分句。這種譯法叫做順序分譯法。例如：
(1)Each kind of atom seems to have a definite number of"hands"that it can use to hold on to others.
每一種原子似乎都有一定數(shù)目的“手”，用來抓牢其它原子。(順序分譯法)每一種原子似乎都有一定數(shù)目用于抓牢其它原子的手。(逆序合譯法)這句限制性定語從句雖然不長，但用順序分譯法譯出的譯文要比用逆序合譯法更為通順。來源：www.examda.com
(2)Let AB in the figure above represent an inclined plane the surface of which is smooth and unbending.
設(shè)上圖中AB代表一個傾斜平面，其表面光滑不彎。(順序分譯法)
設(shè)上圖中AB代表一個其表面為光滑不彎的傾斜平面。(逆序合譯法)上面兩種譯法，看來也是用順序分譯法比用逆序合譯法更為通順 簡明。
3、定語從句較長，與主句關(guān)聯(lián)又不緊密，漢譯時就作為獨立句放在主句之后。這種譯法仍然是順序分譯法。例如：
(1)Such a slow compression carries the gas through a series of states. each of which is very nearly an equilibrium state and it is called a quasi-static or a" nearly static" process.
這樣的緩慢壓縮能使這種氣體經(jīng)歷一系列的狀態(tài)，但各狀態(tài)都很接近于平衡狀態(tài)，所以叫做準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)過程，或"近似穩(wěn)定"過程。
(2)Friction wears away metal in the moving parts, which shortens their working life.
運動部件間的摩擦力使金屬磨損，這就縮短了運動部件的使用壽命。
4、There + be句型中的限制性定語從句漢譯時往往可以把主句中的主語和定語從句溶合一起，譯成一個獨立的句子。這種譯法叫做溶合法，也叫拆譯法。例如：
(1)There are bacteria that help plants grow, others that get rid of dead animals and plants by making them decay, and some that live in soil and make it better for growing crops.
有些細(xì)菌能幫助植物生長，另一些細(xì)菌則通過腐蝕來消除死去的動物和植物，還有一些細(xì)菌則生活在土壤里，使土壤變得對種植莊稼更有好處。
(2)There is a one-seated which you could learn to drive in fifty minutes.
有一種單座式汽車，五十分鐘就能讓你學(xué)會駕駛