口訣四 一個(gè)逗號(hào)看對(duì)面,兩個(gè)逗號(hào)不用看
在作托福語(yǔ)法題時(shí),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也有著一定-----有時(shí)甚至是相當(dāng)重要------的意義.譬如,分號(hào),冒號(hào)之后都相當(dāng)于另一個(gè)句子開(kāi)始,這時(shí)彼此間的語(yǔ)法關(guān)系一般不需要再考慮.
------- Alexander Hamilton and John Adams wanted to have was almost the
same: a fairly centralized government for the newly established United States.
我們?cè)诮膺@道題時(shí),無(wú)需考慮冒號(hào)后的句子成分,因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)我們解決問(wèn)題已不產(chǎn)生任何影響.這樣可以大大地簡(jiǎn)化句法關(guān)系.在作托福語(yǔ)法題時(shí),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)中意義或作用的要算逗號(hào)了.正確地判斷逗號(hào)所反映的關(guān)系時(shí)正確,快速解題的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵組成部分.在遇到逗號(hào)時(shí),首先要確定"真逗號(hào)"還是"假逗號(hào)".有三種情況下的逗號(hào)應(yīng)該被看作是"假逗號(hào)",對(duì)我們解題沒(méi)有意義,所以不予考慮:
1. 表示并列關(guān)系的逗號(hào).如:
------ images out of clay, stone, and metal.
2. 大小時(shí)間單位和大小地名之間的逗號(hào).如:
Boston, Massachusetts used to be the largest city.
3. 出現(xiàn)在句末的同位語(yǔ).如:
The last groups of Indians were driven into North Dakota, a state in northwest U.S.A..
除此之外,逗號(hào)則為"真逗號(hào)".只有"真逗號(hào)"對(duì)于我們作題-----尤其是填空題----才具有意義,甚至是極大的幫助.
在填空題中,如題干中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)逗號(hào),首先讀沒(méi)有空的部分并確定其在句中的作用,然后再考慮有空的部分,即"一個(gè)逗號(hào)看對(duì)面".如:
(11) ------ vastness of Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.
A. While the B. The
C. For the D. Because of the
解這樣的題,我們就先從沒(méi)有空的那已部分開(kāi)始;而且這個(gè)句子中的"對(duì)面"部分只需要讀兩個(gè)詞"it is"即可,因?yàn)閺倪@兩個(gè)詞我們已經(jīng)知道逗號(hào)之后是主句,從而可以確定逗號(hào)之前只能是從句或短語(yǔ).按"口訣二"-----"去掉獨(dú)立成分"-----逗號(hào)前只剩下vastness,不可能是從句;
而for在句首一般只有一種情況"for all...",所以答案是D.
(12) Because of its importance in modern living,------ in all parts of the world.
A. algebra is studied in schools and colleges
B. studying algebra in schools and colleges
C. and the study of algebra in schools and colleges
D. in schools and colleges are algebra studies
這道題在經(jīng)過(guò)"口訣二,四"處理后,題干沒(méi)有剩下任何成分!這就意味著正確答案必須是一個(gè)完整的句子,所以答案只能是A.
如果題干中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)"真逗號(hào)",而且空白出現(xiàn)在第一個(gè)逗號(hào)之前或第二個(gè)逗號(hào)之后,那么兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的部分一般可以不考慮,并按無(wú)逗號(hào)處理.即"兩個(gè)逗號(hào)不用看".
(13) Willa Cather considered her novel of life in nineteenth-century Nebraska, My Antonia,------- .
A. was her best work
B. her best work
C. her best work it was
D. being her best work
上句在經(jīng)過(guò)"口訣二,四"處理后,題干只剩下"Willa Cather considered her novel------ ".顯然缺少的是"賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)",我們很容易選中正確答案B.
口訣五 兩逗之間有三種:分詞,同位,非限定
在作托福語(yǔ)法題時(shí),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也有著一定-----有時(shí)甚至是相當(dāng)重要------的意義.譬如,分號(hào),冒號(hào)之后都相當(dāng)于另一個(gè)句子開(kāi)始,這時(shí)彼此間的語(yǔ)法關(guān)系一般不需要再考慮.
------- Alexander Hamilton and John Adams wanted to have was almost the
same: a fairly centralized government for the newly established United States.
我們?cè)诮膺@道題時(shí),無(wú)需考慮冒號(hào)后的句子成分,因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)我們解決問(wèn)題已不產(chǎn)生任何影響.這樣可以大大地簡(jiǎn)化句法關(guān)系.在作托福語(yǔ)法題時(shí),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)中意義或作用的要算逗號(hào)了.正確地判斷逗號(hào)所反映的關(guān)系時(shí)正確,快速解題的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵組成部分.在遇到逗號(hào)時(shí),首先要確定"真逗號(hào)"還是"假逗號(hào)".有三種情況下的逗號(hào)應(yīng)該被看作是"假逗號(hào)",對(duì)我們解題沒(méi)有意義,所以不予考慮:
1. 表示并列關(guān)系的逗號(hào).如:
------ images out of clay, stone, and metal.
2. 大小時(shí)間單位和大小地名之間的逗號(hào).如:
Boston, Massachusetts used to be the largest city.
3. 出現(xiàn)在句末的同位語(yǔ).如:
The last groups of Indians were driven into North Dakota, a state in northwest U.S.A..
除此之外,逗號(hào)則為"真逗號(hào)".只有"真逗號(hào)"對(duì)于我們作題-----尤其是填空題----才具有意義,甚至是極大的幫助.
在填空題中,如題干中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)逗號(hào),首先讀沒(méi)有空的部分并確定其在句中的作用,然后再考慮有空的部分,即"一個(gè)逗號(hào)看對(duì)面".如:
(11) ------ vastness of Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.
A. While the B. The
C. For the D. Because of the
解這樣的題,我們就先從沒(méi)有空的那已部分開(kāi)始;而且這個(gè)句子中的"對(duì)面"部分只需要讀兩個(gè)詞"it is"即可,因?yàn)閺倪@兩個(gè)詞我們已經(jīng)知道逗號(hào)之后是主句,從而可以確定逗號(hào)之前只能是從句或短語(yǔ).按"口訣二"-----"去掉獨(dú)立成分"-----逗號(hào)前只剩下vastness,不可能是從句;
而for在句首一般只有一種情況"for all...",所以答案是D.
(12) Because of its importance in modern living,------ in all parts of the world.
A. algebra is studied in schools and colleges
B. studying algebra in schools and colleges
C. and the study of algebra in schools and colleges
D. in schools and colleges are algebra studies
這道題在經(jīng)過(guò)"口訣二,四"處理后,題干沒(méi)有剩下任何成分!這就意味著正確答案必須是一個(gè)完整的句子,所以答案只能是A.
如果題干中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)"真逗號(hào)",而且空白出現(xiàn)在第一個(gè)逗號(hào)之前或第二個(gè)逗號(hào)之后,那么兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的部分一般可以不考慮,并按無(wú)逗號(hào)處理.即"兩個(gè)逗號(hào)不用看".
(13) Willa Cather considered her novel of life in nineteenth-century Nebraska, My Antonia,------- .
A. was her best work
B. her best work
C. her best work it was
D. being her best work
上句在經(jīng)過(guò)"口訣二,四"處理后,題干只剩下"Willa Cather considered her novel------ ".顯然缺少的是"賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)",我們很容易選中正確答案B.
口訣五 兩逗之間有三種:分詞,同位,非限定