Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution, or EDGE, is a digital mobile phone technology which acts as a bolt-on enhancement to 2G and 2.5G General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) networks. This technology works in TDMA and GSM networks. EDGE (also known as EGPRS) is a superset to GPRS and can function on any network with GPRS deployed on it, provided the carrier implements the necessary upgrades.
EDGE provides Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), which can be used for any packet switched applications such as an Internet connection. High-speed data applications such as video services and other multimedia benefit from EGPRS' increased data capacity.
In addition to GMSK (Gaussian minimum-shift keying) EDGE uses 8PSK (8 Phase Shift Keying) for its upper five of the nine modulation and coding schemes. EDGE produces a 3bit word for every change in carrier phase. This effectively triples the gross data rate offered by GSM. EDGE, like GPRS, uses a rate adaptation algorithm that adapts the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) due to the quality of the radio channel, and thus the bit rate and robustness of data transmission. It introduces a new technology not found in GPRS, Incremental Redundancy, which, instead of retransmitting disturbed packets, sends more redundancy information to be combined in the receiver. This increases the probability of correct decoding.
EDGE can carry data speeds up to 236.8 kbit/s for 4 time slots (theoretical maximum is 473.6 kbit/s for 8 time slots) in packet mode and will therefore meet the International Telecommunications Union's requirement for a 3G network, and has been accepted by the ITU as part of the IMT-2000 family of 3G standards. It also enhances the circuit data mode called HSCSD, increasing the data rate of this service also. EDGE has been introduced into GSM networks around the world since 2003, initially in North America.
EDGE is actively supported by GSM operators in North America. Some GSM operators elsewhere view UMTS as the ultimate upgrade path and either plan to skip EDGE altogether or use it outside the UMTS coverage area. However, the high cost and slow uptake of UMTS (as demonstrated by the upstart network 3) have resulted in fairly common support for EDGE in the global GSM/GPRS market.
Although EDGE requires no hardware changes to be made in GSM core networks, base stations must be modified. An EDGE compatible tranceiver unit must be installed and base station system needs to be upgraded to support EDGE. New mobile terminal hardware and software is also required to decode/encode using the new shift keying scheme.
Whether EDGE is 2G or 3G depends on implementation. While Class 3 and below EDGE devices clearly are not 3G, class 4 and above devices perform at a higher bandwidth than other technologies conventionally considered as 3G (such as 1xRTT). With a maximum bandwidth of 236,8 kbit/s at Class 10, EDGE transcends both common 2G and 3G definitions.
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Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE)又稱改進數(shù)據(jù)率GSM服務(wù)， 是一種數(shù)字移動電話技術(shù)，作為一個2G和2.5G (又名GPRS)的延伸，有時被稱為2.75G。這項技術(shù)工作在TDMA和GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。 EDGE (通常所說 EGPRS)是GPRS的擴展，可以工作在任何已經(jīng)部署GPRS的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。 (只要設(shè)備做一些必要的升級)
技術(shù)概述
In addition to 除了它的九層模型的上5層使用GMSK （高斯最小移位鍵控）EDGE 之外它還可以使用8PSK (8相位移相鍵控)作為編碼方案。 EDGE is producing a 3bit word for every change in carrier phase. 這你能提供GSM3倍的數(shù)據(jù)吞吐量。 跟GPRS一樣，EDGE使用速率匹配算法調(diào)整調(diào)制編碼方案 (MCS)，因此能保證無線信道，數(shù)據(jù)流量和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)姆€(wěn)定。 它引入了GPRS里沒有的新技術(shù)：增加冗余度代替中繼干擾報文發(fā)送更多的冗余信息來保持與接收機的聯(lián)絡(luò)。這樣能增加正確解碼的概率。
在報文模式，它的數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)率是384Kbps，因此符合ITU對3G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的要求。作為IMT-2000家族的3G標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一部分被ITU接受。 它還加強了電路交換模式，使用被叫作 HSCSD的技術(shù)提高數(shù)據(jù)交換速率。EDGE大約在2003年最初由北美引入GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
部署情況
由于GSM/GPRS的強烈競爭對手CDMA2000，到2004年, EDGE主要在北美的運營商那里部署了部分。大部分運行商把UMTS作為理想的升級途經(jīng)，計劃完全跳過EDGE或者在UMTS覆蓋不到的區(qū)域使用。然而，UMTS高昂的建設(shè)費用和緩慢的實施已經(jīng)使一些西歐的運營商采用EDGE作為過渡階段的升級方案。 (典型的運行商3)
雖然EDGE不需要改變GSM核心網(wǎng)絡(luò)的硬件,但是基站必須改進。兼容EDGE的傳輸單元要安裝到基站上，而且基站系統(tǒng)的也要升級到能夠支持EDGE。新的移動終端軟硬件也要能夠編解碼新的移位監(jiān)控方案。
EDGE支持加強GPRS (EGPRS)，一種種能提供夠象互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入這樣的報文交換應(yīng)用。EGPRS增加的數(shù)據(jù)容量能夠提供象視頻服務(wù)和其他多媒體這樣的高速數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用。
EDGE的狀態(tài)位于2G或者3G取決于設(shè)備。Class 3 和更低級別的設(shè)備并不是3G，Class 4和以上級別的設(shè)備性能能提供高于通常認(rèn)為的3G設(shè)備的帶寬，Class 10能提供230k的帶寬, EDGE超過普通2G和3G的定義。
EDGE provides Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), which can be used for any packet switched applications such as an Internet connection. High-speed data applications such as video services and other multimedia benefit from EGPRS' increased data capacity.
In addition to GMSK (Gaussian minimum-shift keying) EDGE uses 8PSK (8 Phase Shift Keying) for its upper five of the nine modulation and coding schemes. EDGE produces a 3bit word for every change in carrier phase. This effectively triples the gross data rate offered by GSM. EDGE, like GPRS, uses a rate adaptation algorithm that adapts the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) due to the quality of the radio channel, and thus the bit rate and robustness of data transmission. It introduces a new technology not found in GPRS, Incremental Redundancy, which, instead of retransmitting disturbed packets, sends more redundancy information to be combined in the receiver. This increases the probability of correct decoding.
EDGE can carry data speeds up to 236.8 kbit/s for 4 time slots (theoretical maximum is 473.6 kbit/s for 8 time slots) in packet mode and will therefore meet the International Telecommunications Union's requirement for a 3G network, and has been accepted by the ITU as part of the IMT-2000 family of 3G standards. It also enhances the circuit data mode called HSCSD, increasing the data rate of this service also. EDGE has been introduced into GSM networks around the world since 2003, initially in North America.
EDGE is actively supported by GSM operators in North America. Some GSM operators elsewhere view UMTS as the ultimate upgrade path and either plan to skip EDGE altogether or use it outside the UMTS coverage area. However, the high cost and slow uptake of UMTS (as demonstrated by the upstart network 3) have resulted in fairly common support for EDGE in the global GSM/GPRS market.
Although EDGE requires no hardware changes to be made in GSM core networks, base stations must be modified. An EDGE compatible tranceiver unit must be installed and base station system needs to be upgraded to support EDGE. New mobile terminal hardware and software is also required to decode/encode using the new shift keying scheme.
Whether EDGE is 2G or 3G depends on implementation. While Class 3 and below EDGE devices clearly are not 3G, class 4 and above devices perform at a higher bandwidth than other technologies conventionally considered as 3G (such as 1xRTT). With a maximum bandwidth of 236,8 kbit/s at Class 10, EDGE transcends both common 2G and 3G definitions.
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Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE)又稱改進數(shù)據(jù)率GSM服務(wù)， 是一種數(shù)字移動電話技術(shù)，作為一個2G和2.5G (又名GPRS)的延伸，有時被稱為2.75G。這項技術(shù)工作在TDMA和GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。 EDGE (通常所說 EGPRS)是GPRS的擴展，可以工作在任何已經(jīng)部署GPRS的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。 (只要設(shè)備做一些必要的升級)
技術(shù)概述
In addition to 除了它的九層模型的上5層使用GMSK （高斯最小移位鍵控）EDGE 之外它還可以使用8PSK (8相位移相鍵控)作為編碼方案。 EDGE is producing a 3bit word for every change in carrier phase. 這你能提供GSM3倍的數(shù)據(jù)吞吐量。 跟GPRS一樣，EDGE使用速率匹配算法調(diào)整調(diào)制編碼方案 (MCS)，因此能保證無線信道，數(shù)據(jù)流量和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)姆€(wěn)定。 它引入了GPRS里沒有的新技術(shù)：增加冗余度代替中繼干擾報文發(fā)送更多的冗余信息來保持與接收機的聯(lián)絡(luò)。這樣能增加正確解碼的概率。
在報文模式，它的數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)率是384Kbps，因此符合ITU對3G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的要求。作為IMT-2000家族的3G標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一部分被ITU接受。 它還加強了電路交換模式，使用被叫作 HSCSD的技術(shù)提高數(shù)據(jù)交換速率。EDGE大約在2003年最初由北美引入GSM網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
部署情況
由于GSM/GPRS的強烈競爭對手CDMA2000，到2004年, EDGE主要在北美的運營商那里部署了部分。大部分運行商把UMTS作為理想的升級途經(jīng)，計劃完全跳過EDGE或者在UMTS覆蓋不到的區(qū)域使用。然而，UMTS高昂的建設(shè)費用和緩慢的實施已經(jīng)使一些西歐的運營商采用EDGE作為過渡階段的升級方案。 (典型的運行商3)
雖然EDGE不需要改變GSM核心網(wǎng)絡(luò)的硬件,但是基站必須改進。兼容EDGE的傳輸單元要安裝到基站上，而且基站系統(tǒng)的也要升級到能夠支持EDGE。新的移動終端軟硬件也要能夠編解碼新的移位監(jiān)控方案。
EDGE支持加強GPRS (EGPRS)，一種種能提供夠象互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入這樣的報文交換應(yīng)用。EGPRS增加的數(shù)據(jù)容量能夠提供象視頻服務(wù)和其他多媒體這樣的高速數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用。
EDGE的狀態(tài)位于2G或者3G取決于設(shè)備。Class 3 和更低級別的設(shè)備并不是3G，Class 4和以上級別的設(shè)備性能能提供高于通常認(rèn)為的3G設(shè)備的帶寬，Class 10能提供230k的帶寬, EDGE超過普通2G和3G的定義。