二、綜合題。
1.第2部分：閱讀判斷
Resources Crisis
If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by an American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.
Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and to create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficulty is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.
Sagan proposes that algae （藻類） organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in conditions similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceships will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere. In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.
When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for men to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.
16. In the long run, the most insoluble （不能解決的） problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of space.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. On Venus there is a lot of oxygen and water.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. The population on the earth continues to increase.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Scientists are planting algae on Venus to create a new world for human beings.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Man can land on Venus only when it rains there.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Living on Venus can be realized in the 21st century.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Algae are plants that can produce oxygen.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2.第3部分：概括大意與完成句子
Population
1. The world's population continues to grow. There now are about 5 billion of us on earth. The figure could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in another 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, schools and health care for all these people?
2. A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world's birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.
3. Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy①. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population growth.
4. China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about one half since 1970.
5. Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths, by the year 2000.
6. Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.
Notes：
①pregnancy n. 懷孕
23. Paragraph 1. ________.
24. Paragraph 3. ________.
25. Paragraph 4. ________.
25. Paragraph 6. ________.
A. The situation in China
B. Fewer population in Europe
C. Growing population in the world
D. New situation
E. Reasons for lower birth rate
F. Family planning program
27. In the future, Europeans will have to pay ________.
28. Drop in birth rate is happening ________.
29. Now men and women get married ________.
30. Families generally are ________ than before.
A. larger
B. smaller
C. higher taxes
D. around the world
E. at a much later time
F. lower taxes
1.第2部分：閱讀判斷
Resources Crisis
If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by an American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.
Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and to create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficulty is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.
Sagan proposes that algae （藻類） organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in conditions similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceships will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere. In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.
When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for men to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.
16. In the long run, the most insoluble （不能解決的） problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of space.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. On Venus there is a lot of oxygen and water.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. The population on the earth continues to increase.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Scientists are planting algae on Venus to create a new world for human beings.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Man can land on Venus only when it rains there.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Living on Venus can be realized in the 21st century.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Algae are plants that can produce oxygen.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2.第3部分：概括大意與完成句子
Population
1. The world's population continues to grow. There now are about 5 billion of us on earth. The figure could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in another 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, schools and health care for all these people?
2. A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world's birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.
3. Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy①. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population growth.
4. China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about one half since 1970.
5. Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths, by the year 2000.
6. Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.
Notes：
①pregnancy n. 懷孕
23. Paragraph 1. ________.
24. Paragraph 3. ________.
25. Paragraph 4. ________.
25. Paragraph 6. ________.
A. The situation in China
B. Fewer population in Europe
C. Growing population in the world
D. New situation
E. Reasons for lower birth rate
F. Family planning program
27. In the future, Europeans will have to pay ________.
28. Drop in birth rate is happening ________.
29. Now men and women get married ________.
30. Families generally are ________ than before.
A. larger
B. smaller
C. higher taxes
D. around the world
E. at a much later time
F. lower taxes