新GMAT作文黃金80題范文
一．Analysis of Issue Questions
2. “It is unrealistic to expect individual nations to make, independently, the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy. International leadership and worldwide cooperation are essential if we expect to protect the world’s energy resources for future generations.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your views with reasons and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.
“指望單個(gè)國(guó)家獨(dú)立地做出必要的犧牲來保存能源是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。如果我們希望為下一代保護(hù)世界的能源資源，國(guó)際領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量和全球性的公司是基本的?！?BR> 1. To conserve the energy is a world-wide project. No individual country is able to do it independently.
2. It is unfair to let individual nations to make sacrifices while the others do not.
3. he best and the most efficient way is the whole wolrd conserve the energy simultaneously and collectively.
1， 首先，雖然不愿意，但仍然要承認(rèn)，自私幾乎是天性。self consideration優(yōu)先。在沒有廣泛的行動(dòng)時(shí)，每一個(gè)國(guó)家都不愿意在自己作出犧牲的同時(shí)，其他國(guó)家沒有行動(dòng)。這樣不公平，也不可能達(dá)到。這時(shí)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的作用很重要。安排各國(guó)家工作，協(xié)調(diào)各國(guó)家活動(dòng)。有一個(gè)行動(dòng)的指導(dǎo)作用。function as the leader of the group.
2， 而且，保護(hù)資源是全球的問題，指望單個(gè)國(guó)家作出犧牲是不夠的。因?yàn)樵谌蚧?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展下，資源幾乎是全球運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的。比如，美國(guó)會(huì)向中國(guó)進(jìn)口木材等原料。所以需要合作。大的跨國(guó)公司在其中扮演重要的角色。比如，開發(fā)非洲的，有很多是歐洲的公司，跨國(guó)公司的舉動(dòng)會(huì)影響到很多國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。nuclear weapons proliferation
by the same token(同樣道理)
the problem of energy conservation transcends the national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or all will suffer.(sample上的句子)
3， 當(dāng)然，這樣是不夠的，必須由各個(gè)國(guó)家充分地發(fā)揮主動(dòng)的作用take positive action。因?yàn)橘Y源是全人類的，每個(gè)國(guó)家都有責(zé)任并且都有必要。只有將統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與各國(guó)的積極性作用一起結(jié)合，才是最effective的方法。
Optional words:
Sacrifice/ expense/ offering/ cost
Conserve/ protect/ guard/ keep/ maintain
Thesis sentence:
To conserve the energy resources is a worldwide project, however, individual nations have been take the responsibilities of energy conservation initiatively without international leadership.
View1:
International leadership and worldwide cooperation play important roles in the protection of energy resources.
Evidence: OPEC is one of the best examples. OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, is an international organization of eleven developing countries that are heavily reliant on oil revenues as their main source of income. Since oil revenues are so vital for the economic development of these nations, they aim to bring stability and harmony to the oil market by adjusting their oil output to help ensure a balance between supply and demand. In the long run, the stabilized out-put help to cease the problem of over-refining and over utilization of oil energy.
View2:
It is not idealistic to expect the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy independently. Factors other than international leadership and world wide cooperation have driven individual nations to conserve energy. These countries conserve energy purely for their own benefit in the future.
Evidence:
Most nations in Europe have developed and used automobiles that are highly energy efficient.
Japan is a country naturally with nearly no energy resources, so it make great effort to conserve energy for future generations. An famous case is that Japan once brought crude oil from other countries and buried it under the sea .
The speaker asserts that an international effort is needed to preserve the world’s energy resources for future generations. While individual nations, like people, are at times willing to make voluntary sacrifices for the benefit of others, my view is that international coordination is nevertheless necessary in light of the strong propensity of nations to act selfishly, and because the problem is international in scope.
The main reason why an international effort is necessary is that, left to their own devices, individual nations, like people, will act according to their short-term motives and self-interest. The mere existence of military weapons indicates that self-interest and national survival are every nation’s prime drivers. And excessive consumption by industrialized nations of natural resources they know to be finite, when alternatives are at hand demonstrates that self-interest and short-sightedness extend to the use of energy resources as well. Furthermore, nations, like people, tend to rationalize their own self-serving policies and actions. Emerging nations might argue, for example, that they should be exempt from energy conservation because it is the industrialized nations who can better afford to make sacrifices and who use more resources in the first place.
Another reason why an international effort is required is that other problems of an international nature have also required global cooperation. For example, has each nation independently recognized the folly of nuclear weapons proliferation and voluntarily disarmed? No: only by way of an international effort, based largely on coercion of strong leaders against detractors, along with an appeal to self-interest, have we made some progress. By the same token (adv. 出于同樣原因), efforts of individual nations to thwart international drug trafficking have proven largely futile, because efforts have not been internationally based. Similarly, the problem of energy conservation transcends national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or all will ultimately suffer.
In conclusion, nations are made up of individuals who, when left unconstrained, tend to act in their own self-interest and with short-term motives. In light of how we have dealt, or not dealt, with other global problems, it appears that an international effort is needed to ensure the preservation of natural resources for future generations.
一．Analysis of Issue Questions
2. “It is unrealistic to expect individual nations to make, independently, the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy. International leadership and worldwide cooperation are essential if we expect to protect the world’s energy resources for future generations.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your views with reasons and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.
“指望單個(gè)國(guó)家獨(dú)立地做出必要的犧牲來保存能源是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。如果我們希望為下一代保護(hù)世界的能源資源，國(guó)際領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量和全球性的公司是基本的?！?BR> 1. To conserve the energy is a world-wide project. No individual country is able to do it independently.
2. It is unfair to let individual nations to make sacrifices while the others do not.
3. he best and the most efficient way is the whole wolrd conserve the energy simultaneously and collectively.
1， 首先，雖然不愿意，但仍然要承認(rèn)，自私幾乎是天性。self consideration優(yōu)先。在沒有廣泛的行動(dòng)時(shí)，每一個(gè)國(guó)家都不愿意在自己作出犧牲的同時(shí)，其他國(guó)家沒有行動(dòng)。這樣不公平，也不可能達(dá)到。這時(shí)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的作用很重要。安排各國(guó)家工作，協(xié)調(diào)各國(guó)家活動(dòng)。有一個(gè)行動(dòng)的指導(dǎo)作用。function as the leader of the group.
2， 而且，保護(hù)資源是全球的問題，指望單個(gè)國(guó)家作出犧牲是不夠的。因?yàn)樵谌蚧?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展下，資源幾乎是全球運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的。比如，美國(guó)會(huì)向中國(guó)進(jìn)口木材等原料。所以需要合作。大的跨國(guó)公司在其中扮演重要的角色。比如，開發(fā)非洲的，有很多是歐洲的公司，跨國(guó)公司的舉動(dòng)會(huì)影響到很多國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。nuclear weapons proliferation
by the same token(同樣道理)
the problem of energy conservation transcends the national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or all will suffer.(sample上的句子)
3， 當(dāng)然，這樣是不夠的，必須由各個(gè)國(guó)家充分地發(fā)揮主動(dòng)的作用take positive action。因?yàn)橘Y源是全人類的，每個(gè)國(guó)家都有責(zé)任并且都有必要。只有將統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與各國(guó)的積極性作用一起結(jié)合，才是最effective的方法。
Optional words:
Sacrifice/ expense/ offering/ cost
Conserve/ protect/ guard/ keep/ maintain
Thesis sentence:
To conserve the energy resources is a worldwide project, however, individual nations have been take the responsibilities of energy conservation initiatively without international leadership.
View1:
International leadership and worldwide cooperation play important roles in the protection of energy resources.
Evidence: OPEC is one of the best examples. OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, is an international organization of eleven developing countries that are heavily reliant on oil revenues as their main source of income. Since oil revenues are so vital for the economic development of these nations, they aim to bring stability and harmony to the oil market by adjusting their oil output to help ensure a balance between supply and demand. In the long run, the stabilized out-put help to cease the problem of over-refining and over utilization of oil energy.
View2:
It is not idealistic to expect the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy independently. Factors other than international leadership and world wide cooperation have driven individual nations to conserve energy. These countries conserve energy purely for their own benefit in the future.
Evidence:
Most nations in Europe have developed and used automobiles that are highly energy efficient.
Japan is a country naturally with nearly no energy resources, so it make great effort to conserve energy for future generations. An famous case is that Japan once brought crude oil from other countries and buried it under the sea .
The speaker asserts that an international effort is needed to preserve the world’s energy resources for future generations. While individual nations, like people, are at times willing to make voluntary sacrifices for the benefit of others, my view is that international coordination is nevertheless necessary in light of the strong propensity of nations to act selfishly, and because the problem is international in scope.
The main reason why an international effort is necessary is that, left to their own devices, individual nations, like people, will act according to their short-term motives and self-interest. The mere existence of military weapons indicates that self-interest and national survival are every nation’s prime drivers. And excessive consumption by industrialized nations of natural resources they know to be finite, when alternatives are at hand demonstrates that self-interest and short-sightedness extend to the use of energy resources as well. Furthermore, nations, like people, tend to rationalize their own self-serving policies and actions. Emerging nations might argue, for example, that they should be exempt from energy conservation because it is the industrialized nations who can better afford to make sacrifices and who use more resources in the first place.
Another reason why an international effort is required is that other problems of an international nature have also required global cooperation. For example, has each nation independently recognized the folly of nuclear weapons proliferation and voluntarily disarmed? No: only by way of an international effort, based largely on coercion of strong leaders against detractors, along with an appeal to self-interest, have we made some progress. By the same token (adv. 出于同樣原因), efforts of individual nations to thwart international drug trafficking have proven largely futile, because efforts have not been internationally based. Similarly, the problem of energy conservation transcends national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or all will ultimately suffer.
In conclusion, nations are made up of individuals who, when left unconstrained, tend to act in their own self-interest and with short-term motives. In light of how we have dealt, or not dealt, with other global problems, it appears that an international effort is needed to ensure the preservation of natural resources for future generations.