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        實(shí)用英語:新概念英語第二冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)日志Lesson55

        字號(hào):

        LESSON 55 Not a gold mine
            1.come true為固定短語,表示“(預(yù)言、期望等)成為事實(shí)”、“(愿望)實(shí)現(xiàn)”:
            His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
            他周游世界的夢(mèng)想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
            2.fail to do sth.表示“未能”、“不能”或“忘記”做某事:
            Don't fail to write to us.
            別忘記給我們寫信。
            He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
            他不了解他們把他打發(fā)走的原因。
            3.Armed with the new machine…用這種新機(jī)器裝備起來……
            arm(ed)with可以表示“帶著”、“裝著”、“穿著”等:
            Don't worry. I'm armed with an umbrella.
            別擔(dān)心,我?guī)е鴤隳亍?BR>    You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat.
            你好穿件暖和的外衣。
            4.deep在表示“有……深”時(shí)要位于數(shù)字之后:
            We have a swimming pool six feet deep.
            我們有一個(gè)深6英尺的游泳池。
            5.在第31課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了用used to表示過去的習(xí)慣。
            would是另一個(gè)用于描述過去經(jīng)常性行為的詞,它與used to有時(shí)可以互換,有時(shí)則不可以,而且would需要指出具體時(shí)間,used to則不需要。
            (1)當(dāng)used to暗示與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)照時(shí),不可用would替換:
            I used to drink heavily, but I have given up drinking now.
            我過去喝酒很厲害,但我已戒了。
            I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.
            我過去早飯吃得不多,可現(xiàn)在我吃得很多。
            (2)當(dāng)used to描寫過去的狀態(tài)時(shí),也不可與would互換,would只表示過去特有的習(xí)慣或行為:
            I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver.
            我過去是個(gè)侍者,但現(xiàn)在我是出租汽車司機(jī)。
            They used to own a car.
            他們過去有輛車。
            (3)當(dāng)used to不強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)比時(shí),可與would互換。但一個(gè)故事開頭時(shí)不用would,必須首先用一般過去時(shí)或used to描述背景,然后用would表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作:
            When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm. We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.
            我小時(shí)候經(jīng)常在農(nóng)場(chǎng)度假。我們總是5點(diǎn)起床,幫助擠牛奶。
            6.use, be used to與used to
            (1)use通常為及物動(dòng)詞,表示“用”、“使用”、“運(yùn)用”、“應(yīng)用”等:
            May I use your dictionary/ car?
            我可以用一下你的字典/汽車嗎?
            I don't know how to use the word.
            我不知道如何使用這個(gè)單詞。
            The machine has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground.
            這機(jī)器已被人們用來探測(cè)地下埋藏的金子。(use用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),后面的to引導(dǎo)表示目的的不定式,不可與be used to及used to混淆)
            (2)be used to表示“習(xí)慣于”,后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞,be也可用 get等代替:
            I'm used to shopping alone.
            我習(xí)慣于一個(gè)人購物。
            I'm used to getting up early.
            我習(xí)慣于早起。
            I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.
            我開始當(dāng)面包師不久就習(xí)慣早起了。
            (3)used to表示過去有而現(xiàn)在通常已不存在的習(xí)慣,只用于一般過去時(shí),后面只能跟動(dòng)詞不定式:
            I used to get up early when I worked as a baker, but I don't have to get up early now.
            當(dāng)面包師的時(shí)候,我常起得很早,不過我現(xiàn)在用不著早起了。
            You didn't use to smoke.
            你過去不抽煙。
            You never used to smoke.
            你過去從不抽煙。(用never的否定式更常見)