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        第23課 翻譯疑點--動與靜(2)

        字號:

        "be 非動詞同源形容詞"句式:
            (1) He was an able and a successful one.
            他為人能干, 事業(yè)成功。
            (2) His ill health has been a very anxious business.
            他身體不好令人十分擔(dān)憂。
            (3) I am quite ignorant of what they intend to do.
            我的確不知道他們打算干什么。
            (4) You shouldn't be sensitive about one's clothing.
            你不要太注重衣著了。
            "be 副詞"句式:
            (1) We must be off now. 我們得走了。
            (2) The performance is on. 演出已經(jīng)開始了。
            (3) Their experiment has been over. 他們的實驗已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。
            (4) I saw you out with a boy yesterday.昨天我看見你和一個男孩上街了。
            "be 介詞短語"句式:
            (1) Because of bad government, the company was in the red.
            由于管理不善, 公司出現(xiàn)虧損。
            (2) The factory is under construction.
            工廠正在建造中。
            (二)化動為靜
            化動為靜就是把原文中的動態(tài)句式轉(zhuǎn)換為靜態(tài)句式。英語雖然喜歡選用靜態(tài)句式,但選用動態(tài)句式來敘述靜態(tài)的意義也是常有的事。這些動態(tài)句式極富修辭效果,常見于景物描寫。英語有些動態(tài)句式譯成靜態(tài)句式往往比譯成動態(tài)句式要好。例如:
            (1) To the south of the city lies a river. 城南有一條河。
            (2) In front of me stood the essential tools of the intelligence officer's trade-a desk, two telephones, one scrambled for outside calls, and to one side a large green metal safe with an oversized combination lock on the front. 眼前是干情報官這一行的基本用具──張寫字臺, 兩部電話, 一部裝有外線保密器, 一側(cè)立著一個大型的綠色金屬保險柜, 柜正面裝有特大號的號碼鎖。
            (3) Here, in the endless paper chase which began so clearly but ended in my mystery, lay the threads of my career. 這種無休無止的文檔追索游戲, 始而目標明確, 終于迷霧一團,貫穿其中的便是我的職業(yè)生涯。
            (4) High in the Carolina mountains sits a orphanage.
            在卡羅來納山地高處有一座孤兒院。
            此外,有些英語動態(tài)句的意義不易用漢語動態(tài)句來表達,或表達不準確、不流暢時,該動態(tài)句也需要轉(zhuǎn)換為靜態(tài)句。例如:
            (1) Silence followed this remark.話音落下, 一陣沉默。
            (2) Our age is witnessing a profound political change.我們的時代是深刻的政治變化的見證。
            (3) Its gleaming sands and backdrop of pine woods and distant hills give it a pleasant and restful atmosphere. 這兒沙灘閃爍,松林掩映,遠山連綿,自有一種心曠神怡的氣氛。
            (4) She knows what's what. 她很有鑒別力。
            (5) They thought differently.他們想法不同。
            (6) It is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of structure.它的主要特點是結(jié)構(gòu)簡單。
            (7) The room is well furnished.房間的陳設(shè)頗佳。