通常情況下，英語句子中的主語都是在謂語之前。但是，由于語法結(jié)構(gòu)及強(qiáng)調(diào)方面的需要，有些句子的謂語或謂語的一部分要放在主語前邊，這種句子就叫倒裝句。現(xiàn)把常見的倒裝句加以歸納，供同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)參考。
    一、only 位于句首并修飾狀語時(shí)：
    Only once in history has the same man held the two high offices of President and Chief Justice of the United States. 歷只有一次，同一個(gè)人擁有美國的總統(tǒng)和法官這兩個(gè)高級(jí)職務(wù)。
    Only now that I’ve struggled to find patience in myself when Matthew insists he help me paint the house or saw down dead trees in the back yard am I able to see that day through my father’s eyes. 只有現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)我努力要找到自身的忍耐性，而麥修卻堅(jiān)持要幫助我油漆房子或者鋸倒后院枯樹的時(shí)候，我才透過父親的雙眼看到了那一天。
    Only now did I recognize the challenge I had presented the old man, and realize how wonderfully he had met it. 這時(shí)我才體會(huì)到我當(dāng)年對(duì)那位老先生提出的挑戰(zhàn)，而他又應(yīng)付得多么的出色。
    Then, and only then, will Peter and Son stay put.這樣，也只有這樣，彼得和他的兒子才會(huì)規(guī)規(guī)矩矩地呆著。
    Only when he feels good about himself can he write some poems. 他只有自我感覺良好時(shí)才能寫出詩來。
    Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home. 只是在1949年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，他才能夠返回家鄉(xiāng)。
    Only after payment was on the counter was the sack irrevocably twisted shut and the moment of indecision ended. 只有等錢放在柜臺(tái)上后，紙袋口才無可挽回地被擰緊封住，猶豫不決的時(shí)刻才告結(jié)束。
    Only after Miss Aurélie had given them a bath, told the little boy a bed-time story and sang sweet songs to the little baby, did they all fall asleep. 奧莉小姐得給他們洗澡，給小男孩講個(gè)睡前故事，給小寶寶唱好聽的歌，之后他們才睡。
    Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.只有這樣我們才能保證自己對(duì)生活中的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇有充分的準(zhǔn)備。
    Only in a few countries does the whole of the population enjoy a reasonable standard of living. 只有少數(shù)國家能使全體居民享受較高的生活水平。
    So, only with combination of consideration, courage and confidence can we get over any difficulty. 因此，只有把思考、勇氣和信心這三者結(jié)合起來，我們才能戰(zhàn)勝一切困難。
    Only towards the end of the play does King Lear learn who is his truest daughter. 只是到了劇情的最后李爾王才弄清楚誰是他真正的女兒。
    二、So 修飾形容詞，such修飾名詞并位于句首時(shí)：
    So convinced was I of that woman’s being her mother, that I wanted no evidence to establish the fact in my mind. 那位婦女是她的母親，這一點(diǎn)我深信不疑，心里也不想再找任何證據(jù)來證明這個(gè)事實(shí)。
    So strong was her need to replicate the hostile environment of her childhood and continue her struggle to win love from those who could not give it that when she met a man who struck her as being cold, aloof and indifferent, she was instantly attracted to him. 她要復(fù)制童年時(shí)代充滿敵意的環(huán)境，要繼續(xù)爭取那些得不到的愛，這種需求是如此的強(qiáng)烈，當(dāng)她遇上一個(gè)她認(rèn)為冷酷、冷淡又冷漠的男人時(shí)，馬上就被吸引了過去。
    So back to the train display went George. 就這樣，喬治回到了陳列火車的地方。
    So tired was he after a whole day’s hard work that he could hardly stand. 經(jīng)過一整天的辛苦勞動(dòng)，他累得幾乎站不住了。
    Such a noise was there that I couldn’t work in the room. 房間里噪音這么大，我沒法工作。
    三、形容詞、副詞位于句首時(shí)：
    Inside sat Mrs. James. 里面坐著杰姆斯太太。
    Sadder were the times when letters came from Aiko. 接到愛子的來信更加令人神傷。
    Out came pencil and paper and Amy went to work on her letter. 拿出鋼筆和紙，埃妹就開始寫起信來。
    Look, here comes the singer and dancer. 看，那位歌手兼跳舞者來了。
    Once we had the fire almost under control, but the wind rose again, and away went the flames higher and faster than ever. 我們?cè)欢瓤刂谱×嘶饎?shì)，可是風(fēng)又起來了，倏的一下火苗比以前竄得更高更快了。
    Four or five miles to the east of them lay the blue waters of Lake Michigan. 它們東邊四、五英里處有一個(gè)藍(lán)藍(lán)的密執(zhí)安湖。
    Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertisement. 出席會(huì)議的還有廣告的策劃者。
    Famous are the lines by William Blake, which have clear rhythm and rhyme:
     Tiger, tiger, burning bright,
     in the forest of the night.
    的是威廉•布列克的詩行，有著清楚的節(jié)拍和韻律：
     老虎老虎明亮亮，
     夜晚樹林去徜徉。
    Great was Marya’s joy, and that of the fathers and mothers of the children. 瑪利亞和那些孩子的父母親高興極了。
    Great have been the changes here since 1990. 自從1990年以后，這里的變化很大。
    Present at the conference were some famous scientists from many other countries. 出席這次大會(huì)的是一些來自許多國家的科學(xué)家。
    Just then came the whistle of a police car. 就在那時(shí)，傳來了警笛聲。
    Up into the sky went the light blue smoke. 淡藍(lán)色的煙向天空裊裊飄去。
    Over rolled the goat, dead. 山羊骨碌一下死了。
    Off fled all the mice. 耗子們一下子跑光了。
    There, smoking his pipe in the old place by the kitchen fire, as healthy and as strong as ever, though a little grey, sat Joe; and then, fenced into the corner with Joe’s leg, and sitting on my own little stool looking at the fire, was----I again! 那邊坐著喬，在灶火邊的老地方抽著煙斗，盡管有點(diǎn)白發(fā)，但仍然像從前那樣健壯；而被喬的腿擋在角落里，坐在我自己的小板凳上望著火的——還是我。
    Here, gathered from the ideas of experts across the country, are six proven ways to boost your learning ability. 這里有六種已經(jīng)得到證實(shí)可以提高學(xué)習(xí)能力的方法，它們集中了全國專家們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
    Thus began the economic reform. 經(jīng)濟(jì)改革就這樣開始了。
    Now and then must the whale come to the top of the water for air.鯨魚必須不時(shí)地來到水面呼吸空氣。
    Well do I remember the night I lay in bed , waiting for the doctor. 躺在床上等醫(yī)生的那個(gè)晚上，我記得清清楚楚．
    Always did Comrade Lei Feng go to help the villagers. 雷鋒同志總是去幫助老鄉(xiāng)。
    Often did we encourage them to go on. 我們?cè)?jīng)常鼓勵(lì)他們干下去。
    Many a time did he go swimming in the river. 他不止一次去河里游泳。
    More worthy of the name “ stage school” are those few places where children attend full time, with a training for the theatre and a general education. 比“舞臺(tái)學(xué)?！备用逼鋵?shí)的是那些為數(shù)不多的地方，孩子們整天在那兒既訓(xùn)練演出，又接受常規(guī)教育。
    Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. 愛因斯坦就是這樣一個(gè)人，既平凡又成績卓著。
    Up the street came many happy boys. 大街上來了很多高興的孩子。
    Down came the long brown waves. 長長的棕色波浪（指頭發(fā)）一下子傾瀉下來。
    There, inside, looking up at her was the newborn pig. 從里頭伸頭打量她的正是那只剛生下來的小豬。
    四、介詞短語位于句首時(shí)：
    Ahead of her, at the top of a hill on the left, was some sort of building, standing back from the road. 她前邊，左側(cè)小山頂上，有某種建筑物坐落在路旁。
    Down the stairs came a woman, shielding the light from her eyes. 從樓上下來一位婦女，擋住光不讓照著眼睛。
    Over her shoulders was thrown a much-mended wrap. 她的肩上搭著一件補(bǔ)了多次的圍巾。
    From somewhere inside me came this terrible,violent desire to cry. 從我的內(nèi)心深處涌起了這種可怕的、強(qiáng)烈的想哭的沖動(dòng)。
    From the second sled came Jim-Jim with his hands tied in front of him. 從第二只雪橇上下來的是吉姆吉姆，雙手綁在胸前。
    Onto the ground fell a large number of fresh, green pumpkin stems. 地上掉的是大量新鮮、綠色的南瓜蔓。
    On the land of Australia live the largest spiders of the world. 澳大利亞生活著世界上的蜘蛛。
    Along outside of the front fence ran the country road, dusty in the summer time and a good place for snakes------they liked to lie in it and sun themselves. 籬笆外面是一條鄉(xiāng)村路，夏季滿是塵土，是蛇的理想之所——它們喜歡臥在那里曬太陽。
    Beyond the road was a thick young woods and through it a dimlighted path led a quarter of a mile. 路的那邊是一片濃密的小樹林，林中一條暗淡的小徑有四分之一英里那么長。
    Inside it lay the body of a woman 里邊放著一具女尸。
    Down the road came a company of men, led by one who carried a light before him as he ran. 順著路過來一群人，其中一個(gè)提著燈在前面帶頭跑著。
    On the far side of the room were the girls. 房間的另一邊是女孩子。
    When I opened my eyes, before me was a bulky form covered by a gray blanket. 睜眼看時(shí)，放在我面前的是被一條灰色毯子蓋著的龐然大物。
    Across the top in handsome black and yellow letters was Grandma’s Box. 頂部瀟灑的黑黃字寫著：祖母之箱。
    In front of the house stand two apple trees. 房子前邊長著兩棵蘋果樹。
    the heels of the police who investigated the robbery came reporters and photographers. 緊隨著調(diào)查搶劫案的警察，來了報(bào)社記者和攝影記者。
    In front of the window was a skinny boy around nine years old, his nose pressed against the glass. 櫥窗前站著一個(gè)九歲上下、瘦骨嶙峋的小男孩，鼻子貼在玻璃上。
    Through the front door came an old French flower woman. 從前門進(jìn)來了一位法國賣花老婦。
    In front walked Henry, the gun slung over his left shoulder; next came my brother; and I myself ended the little procession. 前邊走著的是亨利，左肩斜挎著槍；接下來是我弟弟；我本人則走在隊(duì)伍最后。
    On the laboratory bench was a glass container from which came a tiny soft light. 實(shí)驗(yàn)室的工作臺(tái)上放著一個(gè)玻璃器皿，從中發(fā)出一種微弱的光。
    Right in front of her eyes was a red-bellied black snake---a very poisonous snake. 她的眼前是一條紅肚皮的黑蛇——一種非常毒的蛇。
    Among the holy writings have been found lists of precious things. 珍貴物品的清單也已在這些神圣文件中找到了。
    Among those invited were the Governor, high officials… 被邀請(qǐng)的人中，有地方長官、高級(jí)官員……
    Above the noise of driving rain came the sound of the engine bell. 機(jī)車的鈴聲透過急促的雨聲傳了過來。
    To the British Isles belong also some 5,500 smaller islands. 還有大約五千五百個(gè)小點(diǎn)兒的島也屬于英倫諸島。
    Around the warm water pipe was what looked like a thick piece of black and red cloth. 繞在熱水管上的是看起來像一條黑紅兩色厚布的東西。
    In vain did we try to persuade him to give up smoking. 我們?cè)鴦襁^他戒煙，但他不聽。
    On went her old brown jacket. On went her old brown hat. 穿上舊的棕色夾克，戴上舊的棕色帽子。
    Into this house stepped three brave volunteers.三個(gè)勇敢的志愿者走進(jìn)這間房子。
    五、分詞及其短語位于句首時(shí)：
    Stored in the system are huge amounts of scholarly and scientific data, government documents and public records, airline timetables, weather reports, the full text of Bible, and thousands of newspapers and magazines from around the world. 這個(gè)系統(tǒng)里貯藏的是數(shù)量巨大的既權(quán)威又科學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)，有官方文件、公共記錄、飛機(jī)時(shí)刻表、天氣報(bào)告、《圣經(jīng)》全文，以及世界各地成千上萬份的報(bào)紙和雜志。
    Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self-reliance and independence. 美國家庭中與這種愛并存的還有自力更生、獨(dú)立自主這樣的價(jià)值觀。
    Greatly loved in China are the English Romantic poets. 英國的浪漫派詩人深受中國人的喜愛。
    Also coming is 1994 US World Cup star Romario who has promised to play for at least 45 minutes. 同來的還有1994年美國世界杯明星羅馬里奧，他說至少要踢45分鐘。
    Blessed indeed is the man who hears many gentle voices call him father! 真正有福氣的人是那個(gè)聽到許多溫柔的聲音叫他爸爸的那個(gè)人！
    Carried up towards her on the wind came the sound of the sea. 順風(fēng)朝她傳過來的是大海的聲音。
    Standing by the door were Miss Haenlein and Mr.Biggs. 站在門口的是亨萊茵小姐和比格斯先生。
    Heaped over the carpet and hanging on chairs were her quilts. 地毯上堆的、椅子上搭的都是她的被子。
    Perhaps even more distressing than the news was the calm, level tone of the child’s voice. 這孩子的聲調(diào)鎮(zhèn)靜、平淡，也許再?zèng)]有什么能比用這種聲調(diào)敘述更令人感到痛苦不堪的了。
    Growing around the lake are wild flowers of different colors. 湖的周圍長著各種顏色的野花。
    Starting at almost the same time were the international movements for the rights of women.幾乎與此同時(shí)開始的是有關(guān)婦女權(quán)益的國際運(yùn)動(dòng)。
    Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrier. 跟他一起陪葬的還有獵人或戰(zhàn)士使用的工具。
    People have different personality types, and connected to these types are different learning styles. 人們有著不同的個(gè)性類型，而與此類型相連的是不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式。
    六、否定副詞位于句首時(shí)：
    No longer was she so gentle, so relaxed and easy-going. 她不再這樣溫柔、這樣輕松、這樣容易相處了。
    Not only will Australians never try to wipe out flies, but also they will protect them as they protect other animals. 澳大利亞人不但從不消滅蒼蠅，而且還會(huì)像保護(hù)其它動(dòng)物那樣去保護(hù)它們。
    Little did they know the wonderful surprise that was in store for them!對(duì)于正在等待著他們的驚奇，他們則知之甚少。
    Never was such an array of delicious temptations spread before a child.沒有什么能比各色糖果更吸引小孩子了。
    Nowhere am I happier, nowhere am I more myself. 哪兒也沒有這里更讓我愉快，哪兒也沒有這里更讓我感到舒適。
    Rarely had a man so young dazzled so many in the supercharged, intensely competitive world of ballet. 很少有人這么年輕就在壓力極大、競(jìng)爭激烈的芭蕾界傾倒了這么多人。
    Not until years later did I realize that Peter Beatus had given me a more important gift. 直到幾年之后我才意識(shí)到皮特•貝特斯送給我的是一件更加重要的禮物。
    Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place. 這樣一個(gè)安靜、優(yōu)美的地方你到哪兒找去呀。
    Seldom does he come late to the office. 他去辦公室很少遲到。
    Hardly had they left home when it began to rain. 他們剛離開家，天就下起雨來。
    Scarcely had I arrived when he came out to meet me. 我剛一到他就出來迎接我。
    No sooner had he arrived than she started complaining. 他一到她就開始抱怨。
    By no means shall I misunderstand you. 我決不會(huì)誤解你。
    At no time should we give up study though we have made great progress. 盡管我們已經(jīng)取得很大進(jìn)步，但是，也不應(yīng)該停止學(xué)習(xí)。
    He was a good king, but he had one habit---never, never, would he admit that he might be wrong. 他是個(gè)好國王，但是有個(gè)壞習(xí)慣——從來不肯承認(rèn)自己會(huì)錯(cuò)。
    七、由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中：
    Proud as these nobles are, they are afraid to see me. 盡管這些貴族們很高傲，但他們卻害怕見我。
    Much as I like you, I will not marry you. 雖然我很喜歡你，但我還是不想跟你結(jié)婚。
    Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. 雖然還是個(gè)小孩，但他知道一些電的知識(shí)。
    Try as he would, he could not lift the rock. 再使勁，他也搬不動(dòng)那塊石頭。
    八、虛擬語氣中：
    Were she to have time, she would come to help you 她要有時(shí)間，會(huì)來幫你的。
    Should he come, I would tell him the truth. 他來了我就告訴他事實(shí)真相。
    Had they not helped us, our experiment would have failed. 要是沒有他們的幫助，我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)就不會(huì)成功。
    Long live the People’s Republic of China! 中華人民共和國萬歲！
    May you succeed! 祝你成功！
    九、表連續(xù)肯定的句子中：
    He can speak Spanish, so can I . 他會(huì)講西班牙語，我也會(huì)。
    He went to see her, so did I . 他去看她，我也去了。
    He is good at painting, so am I . 他擅長繪畫，我也是。
    十、表連續(xù)否定的句子中：
    He can’t dance, neither can I . 他不會(huì)跳舞，我也不會(huì)。
    He didn’t go shopping, neither did I . 他沒去購物，我也沒去。
    He is not good at maths, neither am I . 他數(shù)學(xué)不好，我也是。
    十一、直接引語在前時(shí)：
    “Good God!”was all he said . 他所說的只有“老天爺?。　?BR>    “Plenty of them,”was the shop assistant’s reply. “有很多，”售貨員隨口答道。