二、冠詞
1、不定冠詞a、an:表泛指,用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示任何一個/類。
1.1以輔音音素開頭的名詞或詞組前用a;以元音音素開頭的名詞或詞組前用an
a university a European a book an umbrella an hour an error
***不可數(shù)名詞用作可數(shù)名詞時,可用a/an,如: She was inspired with a new courage.
1.2常見使用不定冠詞的固定搭配:
have a cold 患感冒 as a result因此,結(jié)果 as a rule 通常 have a good time
have a word with與…談話 have a rest休息一會 in a hurry匆忙地 in a word 總之
once in a while偶爾 take a walk 散步 come to an end 結(jié)束 all of a sudden 突然
make a living謀生 make a fire生火 make a fortune發(fā)財
a couple of 一對 a great deal of大量的 a lot of 許多
2、定冠詞the:表特指,意為這(些)、那(些)。
1) 第二次提到,或雙方都已知道的人或事物:
There is some water in the cup. The water is hot. Close the door, please.(已知)
2) 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示種類:
The telephone was invented by Bell. The early bird catches the worms.捷足先登
3) 世界上獨一無二的事物,以及表示江河、海洋、山脈等地理名稱:
the earth the Bible圣經(jīng) the Universe 宇宙 the Yangtze River長江
the sun the Lord 上帝 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠
4)限定意味較強的定語: the book you bought yesterday the history of China
5)用于具有鑒別意義的普通名詞前,如: the planet Mercury水星 the play "King Lear"劇本《李爾王》
6)其他用法:
①西洋樂器前,表示演奏某種樂器:play the violin (piano)
②某些形容詞前,使其名詞化,表示這一類人或事物:the poor, the true
③姓氏的復數(shù)形式和民族名稱前,表示全家和整個民族:the Turners, the Chinese
④逢十的年份前,表示幾十年代:in the 1980s
⑤形容詞級和序數(shù)詞前:the biggest, the second
⑥某些計量單位的名詞前:Apples are sold by the pound.
7)常見使用定冠詞的固定搭配:
by the way 順便說一句 in the future 未來 in the morning在上午 in the end 最終
in the meanwhile同時 in the sun在陽光下 on the average平均 on the alert警惕
on the contrary相反 on the right在右邊 on the increase增長 on the spot 當場
play the fool 做傻事 keep the house居家不外出 in the dark 在暗處 at the cost of 以…為代價
3、零冠詞
1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時:Without water man cannot live.
2)復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時:Teachers generally like diligent students.
3)專有名詞前一般用零冠詞:China, Asia, Beijing University, Hyde Park(海德公園)
4)其他用法: ①季節(jié)名稱前:Summer is coming.
②法定節(jié)日前: National Day New Year’s Day
③球類運動和棋類游戲前:play football, play chess(bridge)下棋(打橋牌)
④餐名前:When will lunch be ready?
5)零冠詞固定短語:
at first at desk(table) 在辦公(吃飯) at last on purpose故意 on foot徒步 in debt負債
in trouble陷入困境 at night at sea在海上 at home by accident偶然 in bed 臥床
by chance碰巧 in order of 以…的次序 go to school go to bed in common 相同的
in detail詳細地 in hospital住院 in/ after class take place 發(fā)生 in return作為回敬
in sight of 看見 on fire在燃燒 make friends with keep in mind記在心里
1、不定冠詞a、an:表泛指,用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示任何一個/類。
1.1以輔音音素開頭的名詞或詞組前用a;以元音音素開頭的名詞或詞組前用an
a university a European a book an umbrella an hour an error
***不可數(shù)名詞用作可數(shù)名詞時,可用a/an,如: She was inspired with a new courage.
1.2常見使用不定冠詞的固定搭配:
have a cold 患感冒 as a result因此,結(jié)果 as a rule 通常 have a good time
have a word with與…談話 have a rest休息一會 in a hurry匆忙地 in a word 總之
once in a while偶爾 take a walk 散步 come to an end 結(jié)束 all of a sudden 突然
make a living謀生 make a fire生火 make a fortune發(fā)財
a couple of 一對 a great deal of大量的 a lot of 許多
2、定冠詞the:表特指,意為這(些)、那(些)。
1) 第二次提到,或雙方都已知道的人或事物:
There is some water in the cup. The water is hot. Close the door, please.(已知)
2) 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示種類:
The telephone was invented by Bell. The early bird catches the worms.捷足先登
3) 世界上獨一無二的事物,以及表示江河、海洋、山脈等地理名稱:
the earth the Bible圣經(jīng) the Universe 宇宙 the Yangtze River長江
the sun the Lord 上帝 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠
4)限定意味較強的定語: the book you bought yesterday the history of China
5)用于具有鑒別意義的普通名詞前,如: the planet Mercury水星 the play "King Lear"劇本《李爾王》
6)其他用法:
①西洋樂器前,表示演奏某種樂器:play the violin (piano)
②某些形容詞前,使其名詞化,表示這一類人或事物:the poor, the true
③姓氏的復數(shù)形式和民族名稱前,表示全家和整個民族:the Turners, the Chinese
④逢十的年份前,表示幾十年代:in the 1980s
⑤形容詞級和序數(shù)詞前:the biggest, the second
⑥某些計量單位的名詞前:Apples are sold by the pound.
7)常見使用定冠詞的固定搭配:
by the way 順便說一句 in the future 未來 in the morning在上午 in the end 最終
in the meanwhile同時 in the sun在陽光下 on the average平均 on the alert警惕
on the contrary相反 on the right在右邊 on the increase增長 on the spot 當場
play the fool 做傻事 keep the house居家不外出 in the dark 在暗處 at the cost of 以…為代價
3、零冠詞
1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時:Without water man cannot live.
2)復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時:Teachers generally like diligent students.
3)專有名詞前一般用零冠詞:China, Asia, Beijing University, Hyde Park(海德公園)
4)其他用法: ①季節(jié)名稱前:Summer is coming.
②法定節(jié)日前: National Day New Year’s Day
③球類運動和棋類游戲前:play football, play chess(bridge)下棋(打橋牌)
④餐名前:When will lunch be ready?
5)零冠詞固定短語:
at first at desk(table) 在辦公(吃飯) at last on purpose故意 on foot徒步 in debt負債
in trouble陷入困境 at night at sea在海上 at home by accident偶然 in bed 臥床
by chance碰巧 in order of 以…的次序 go to school go to bed in common 相同的
in detail詳細地 in hospital住院 in/ after class take place 發(fā)生 in return作為回敬
in sight of 看見 on fire在燃燒 make friends with keep in mind記在心里