1998 Passage 1
1. Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of for cing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.
「譯文」 在重大技術(shù)所創(chuàng)造的東西中很少能有像大型水壩這樣讓人癡迷的。可能正是因為人類長期遭受旱澇災(zāi)害的擺布才使得人們治理江河、供我驅(qū)策的理想如此令人癡迷。
「析句」 第一句是簡單句。第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句(it is… that),所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 humankind's long suffering,它也是從句的實際主語,即humankind's long suffering… makes…。
「講詞」 capture the imagination of是一個固定搭配,意為“為……吸引”或“激發(fā)……想象力”。The story of Harry Potter has captured the imagination of millions of readers in the world.(哈里·波特的故事讓全世界數(shù)以百萬的讀者為之癡迷。)
at the mercy of意為“任……處置;無能為力”。We will not live at the mercy of terrorists.(我們不會聽任恐怖主義者的擺布。)
bidding意為“命令,出價,邀請”。注意bidding相關(guān)的詞組,例如at one's bidding(依囑,遵命),do one's bidding(照……的命令做,照……的話辦)。
2. It doesn't help that building a big,powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves.
「譯文」 對于那些竭力自我顯示的國家和人民來說,修建高大雄偉的大壩即是某種成就的象征,然而修建大壩其實并沒有多大作用。
「析句」 It doesn't help是全句的主干結(jié)構(gòu),其中it是形式主語。在真正的主語 that從句中,主語是一個現(xiàn)在分詞短語(building a dam)。分詞短語striving to assert themselves修飾nations and people.
「講詞」 it helps或it doesn't help是非??谡Z化的表達(dá)方式,前者意為“有所幫助”或“起到作用”,后者意為“幫不上忙”或“不起作用”。It helps to remember that I can always look to your help.(一想到能指著你幫我,實在讓我感到寬心。) It doesn't help to have assumed such an attitude.(抱著這種態(tài)度沒有什么作用。)
assert意為“斷言,聲稱”。I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.(我在會上不得不堅持自己觀點(diǎn)以保證得到那本新書。)to assert oneself意為“顯示權(quán)威;出風(fēng)頭”。You should learn to assert yourself in a healthy manner.(你應(yīng)該學(xué)會以一種健康的方式表現(xiàn)自己。)
3. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.
「譯文」 埃及由于建造了阿斯旺大壩而鞏固了在阿拉伯世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。土耳其力爭躋身第一世界的努力包括修建阿塔特克大壩。
「析句」 這是兩個簡單句,對個別單詞的詞義把握會影響對句子的理解。
「講詞」 cement原意是“水泥”,但在句中作動詞,意為“加強(qiáng);鞏固”。對于不太熟悉的單詞,首先應(yīng)該確定其在句子中的成分,然后根據(jù)句子的前后成分加以推斷。
bid意為“出價;競標(biāo)”,既可是名詞又可作動詞。China's bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games(中國申請主辦2008年奧運(yùn)會)。bid for還可表示“謀求,追求,致力于”。But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs,and now needs a dam to prove itself.(但斯洛伐克正在要求脫離捷克而獨(dú)立,現(xiàn)在他們需要建一個大壩來證明自己的實力。)
4. The Aswan Dam,for example,stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
「譯文」 以阿斯旺大壩為例,它阻止了尼羅河洪水泛濫,但也使埃及失去了洪水沖擊過后留下的肥沃的淤泥,換回來的是這么一個巨大的病態(tài)水庫。現(xiàn)在這個水庫積滿了淤泥,幾乎不能發(fā)電了。
「析句」 句子的主語是The Aswan Dam,謂語有兩個(stopped和deprived)。破折號后面的成分作全句的狀語,其中all應(yīng)該理解為“所有這一切”,即指阻止尼羅河泛濫并使埃及失去肥沃的淤泥。許多人把a(bǔ) giant reservoir of disease譯成“疾病滋生的水庫”,這是不對的,實際上是指大壩淤泥太多,因而可以譯成“病態(tài)的水庫”。
「講詞」 deprive意為“剝奪,使喪失”。The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance.(法庭裁決剝奪了我們?nèi)康睦^承權(quán)。)They were deprived of a normal childhood by the war.(由于戰(zhàn)爭,他們失去了一個正常的童年時代。)
in return of意為“換取……”。I really do not know what to do in return of your kindness.(對于你的善意,我真的不知道何以回報。)
5. This week,in the heart of civilized Europe,Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube.
「譯文」 本周,在文明歐洲的腹地,為了多瑙河上一處水壩所引起的爭端,斯洛伐克人和匈牙利人差點(diǎn)動用軍隊。
「析句」 句子的結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡單,但是句中的詞組(stopped just short of)可能會影響理解。另外,有些同學(xué)可能不大清楚contention和the Danube的含義。
「講詞」 short of意為“缺乏,達(dá)不到,除……以外,差一點(diǎn)”。We're short of money.(我們現(xiàn)在資金不足。)Nothing short of her best effort was required to make the team.(要組成一個隊她必須全力以赴。)Short of yelling at him,I had no other way to catch his attention.(除了大聲向他喊叫,我真想不出還有什么辦法能引起他的注意。)She stopped short of throwing out the old photo.(她差點(diǎn)要把舊照片扔掉了。)
contention“爭奪,競爭”。The rebellion against the Qin dynasty is the direct cause of the Chu Han Contention.(反抗秦朝的斗爭是楚漢相爭的直接原因。)
6. Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts.
「譯文」 對于水壩的影響作用、水壩控制水流的成本和收益,應(yīng)該進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)而科學(xué)的研究,這樣才有助于解決這些矛盾。
「析句」 句子的主干是study… can help to resolve conflicts.主語的修飾成分較長,注意study包括兩個方面的內(nèi)容,一是the impacts of dams,一是the cost and benefits of controlling water.
「講詞」 impact意為“碰撞,撞擊;影響”,作名詞時較多表示“影響”。This books illustrates the impact of modern science upon society as a whole.(這本書闡述現(xiàn)代科學(xué)對整個社會的影響。)The impact on the rate of inflation will be felt in 2005.(人們將在2005年感受到通貨膨脹的影響。)
resolve作動詞時意為“解決;決定;溶解;變成”,作名詞時表示“決心”。The circumstances resolved him to take the case to the Supreme Court.(在這種情況下,他決定把官司打到法院)。The discussion resolved itself into an argument.(討論到后來變成了爭論。)He made a resolve to launch a reform in the firm.(他決定在公司推進(jìn)改革。)
1. Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of for cing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.
「譯文」 在重大技術(shù)所創(chuàng)造的東西中很少能有像大型水壩這樣讓人癡迷的。可能正是因為人類長期遭受旱澇災(zāi)害的擺布才使得人們治理江河、供我驅(qū)策的理想如此令人癡迷。
「析句」 第一句是簡單句。第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句(it is… that),所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 humankind's long suffering,它也是從句的實際主語,即humankind's long suffering… makes…。
「講詞」 capture the imagination of是一個固定搭配,意為“為……吸引”或“激發(fā)……想象力”。The story of Harry Potter has captured the imagination of millions of readers in the world.(哈里·波特的故事讓全世界數(shù)以百萬的讀者為之癡迷。)
at the mercy of意為“任……處置;無能為力”。We will not live at the mercy of terrorists.(我們不會聽任恐怖主義者的擺布。)
bidding意為“命令,出價,邀請”。注意bidding相關(guān)的詞組,例如at one's bidding(依囑,遵命),do one's bidding(照……的命令做,照……的話辦)。
2. It doesn't help that building a big,powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves.
「譯文」 對于那些竭力自我顯示的國家和人民來說,修建高大雄偉的大壩即是某種成就的象征,然而修建大壩其實并沒有多大作用。
「析句」 It doesn't help是全句的主干結(jié)構(gòu),其中it是形式主語。在真正的主語 that從句中,主語是一個現(xiàn)在分詞短語(building a dam)。分詞短語striving to assert themselves修飾nations and people.
「講詞」 it helps或it doesn't help是非??谡Z化的表達(dá)方式,前者意為“有所幫助”或“起到作用”,后者意為“幫不上忙”或“不起作用”。It helps to remember that I can always look to your help.(一想到能指著你幫我,實在讓我感到寬心。) It doesn't help to have assumed such an attitude.(抱著這種態(tài)度沒有什么作用。)
assert意為“斷言,聲稱”。I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.(我在會上不得不堅持自己觀點(diǎn)以保證得到那本新書。)to assert oneself意為“顯示權(quán)威;出風(fēng)頭”。You should learn to assert yourself in a healthy manner.(你應(yīng)該學(xué)會以一種健康的方式表現(xiàn)自己。)
3. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.
「譯文」 埃及由于建造了阿斯旺大壩而鞏固了在阿拉伯世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。土耳其力爭躋身第一世界的努力包括修建阿塔特克大壩。
「析句」 這是兩個簡單句,對個別單詞的詞義把握會影響對句子的理解。
「講詞」 cement原意是“水泥”,但在句中作動詞,意為“加強(qiáng);鞏固”。對于不太熟悉的單詞,首先應(yīng)該確定其在句子中的成分,然后根據(jù)句子的前后成分加以推斷。
bid意為“出價;競標(biāo)”,既可是名詞又可作動詞。China's bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games(中國申請主辦2008年奧運(yùn)會)。bid for還可表示“謀求,追求,致力于”。But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs,and now needs a dam to prove itself.(但斯洛伐克正在要求脫離捷克而獨(dú)立,現(xiàn)在他們需要建一個大壩來證明自己的實力。)
4. The Aswan Dam,for example,stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
「譯文」 以阿斯旺大壩為例,它阻止了尼羅河洪水泛濫,但也使埃及失去了洪水沖擊過后留下的肥沃的淤泥,換回來的是這么一個巨大的病態(tài)水庫。現(xiàn)在這個水庫積滿了淤泥,幾乎不能發(fā)電了。
「析句」 句子的主語是The Aswan Dam,謂語有兩個(stopped和deprived)。破折號后面的成分作全句的狀語,其中all應(yīng)該理解為“所有這一切”,即指阻止尼羅河泛濫并使埃及失去肥沃的淤泥。許多人把a(bǔ) giant reservoir of disease譯成“疾病滋生的水庫”,這是不對的,實際上是指大壩淤泥太多,因而可以譯成“病態(tài)的水庫”。
「講詞」 deprive意為“剝奪,使喪失”。The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance.(法庭裁決剝奪了我們?nèi)康睦^承權(quán)。)They were deprived of a normal childhood by the war.(由于戰(zhàn)爭,他們失去了一個正常的童年時代。)
in return of意為“換取……”。I really do not know what to do in return of your kindness.(對于你的善意,我真的不知道何以回報。)
5. This week,in the heart of civilized Europe,Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube.
「譯文」 本周,在文明歐洲的腹地,為了多瑙河上一處水壩所引起的爭端,斯洛伐克人和匈牙利人差點(diǎn)動用軍隊。
「析句」 句子的結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡單,但是句中的詞組(stopped just short of)可能會影響理解。另外,有些同學(xué)可能不大清楚contention和the Danube的含義。
「講詞」 short of意為“缺乏,達(dá)不到,除……以外,差一點(diǎn)”。We're short of money.(我們現(xiàn)在資金不足。)Nothing short of her best effort was required to make the team.(要組成一個隊她必須全力以赴。)Short of yelling at him,I had no other way to catch his attention.(除了大聲向他喊叫,我真想不出還有什么辦法能引起他的注意。)She stopped short of throwing out the old photo.(她差點(diǎn)要把舊照片扔掉了。)
contention“爭奪,競爭”。The rebellion against the Qin dynasty is the direct cause of the Chu Han Contention.(反抗秦朝的斗爭是楚漢相爭的直接原因。)
6. Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts.
「譯文」 對于水壩的影響作用、水壩控制水流的成本和收益,應(yīng)該進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)而科學(xué)的研究,這樣才有助于解決這些矛盾。
「析句」 句子的主干是study… can help to resolve conflicts.主語的修飾成分較長,注意study包括兩個方面的內(nèi)容,一是the impacts of dams,一是the cost and benefits of controlling water.
「講詞」 impact意為“碰撞,撞擊;影響”,作名詞時較多表示“影響”。This books illustrates the impact of modern science upon society as a whole.(這本書闡述現(xiàn)代科學(xué)對整個社會的影響。)The impact on the rate of inflation will be felt in 2005.(人們將在2005年感受到通貨膨脹的影響。)
resolve作動詞時意為“解決;決定;溶解;變成”,作名詞時表示“決心”。The circumstances resolved him to take the case to the Supreme Court.(在這種情況下,他決定把官司打到法院)。The discussion resolved itself into an argument.(討論到后來變成了爭論。)He made a resolve to launch a reform in the firm.(他決定在公司推進(jìn)改革。)