surging—— To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage猛增=accelerating
surpass—— To be or go beyond， as in degree or quality； exceed勝過=exceed， outrun
sustain—— To keep in existence； maintain繼續(xù)生存；維持=maintain
sustenance—— Something， especially food， that sustains life or health營養(yǎng)物，尤指食物=fare Food and drink； diet食物和飲料
Means of livelihood生計=livelihood
supplement——Something added to complete a thing， make up for a deficiency， or extend or strengthen the whole補充物，用來完成某事、補充不足、擴展或加強=extension
An addition that increases the area， influence， operation， or contents of something擴大
supreme——Greatest in importance， degree， significance， character， or achievement最重要的=outstanding
succinct——Characterized by clear， precise expression in few words； concise and terse簡明的=concise
sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate
sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense； lavish豪華的；花費奢侈的=luxurious
substantial——Considerable in importance， value， degree， amount， or extent有重大價值的=considerable Worthy of consideration； significant重要的
substitute——One that takes the place of another； a replacement代用品=replacement， in place of代替
subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津貼補助=finance To supply funds to給…提供資金
subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze； elusive纖細的，細小的=slight
submit——提出，提交=present提出；呈遞
subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest補助金=financing融通資金
subject to ——在……條件下；易受……的侵襲；受控制=expose to， susceptible to
stretch——A continuous or unbroken length， area， or expanse連續(xù)不斷的長度，地區(qū)或空間=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities， as of a bridge or roof； the breadth跨度兩點或兩端間的空間
strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罷工=walkout
To come to； attain來到；到達= make contact with
striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable； conspicuous顯眼的
stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance； severe嚴格的=strict
stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action； an incentive激發(fā)物=motivate
strain ——To pull， draw， or stretch tight拉緊=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉緊
stationary—— Not capable of being moved； fixed不能被移動的；固定的=fixed， immobile
status——Position relative to that of others； standing地位=standing
sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface； adhesive粘的=adhere， cement
staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分，基本成分=basic element
squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet； spurt噴=spurt out v.噴出
staggering—— Causing great astonishment， amazement， or dismay； overwhelming令人大為吃驚、驚訝或沮喪的；使束手無策的=overwhelming
spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激，鞭策=stimulate
speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推測=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假設(shè)
spinal——Of， relating to， or situated near the spine or spinal cord； vertebral脊柱的=backbone
spark—— To set in motion； activate發(fā)動；觸發(fā)=bring about引起；致使；造成；達成
spawn—— To give rise to； engender造成；使產(chǎn)生=create
solemn—— Deeply earnest， serious， and sober莊嚴的，極認真的，嚴肅的=serious
slope——declivity A downward slope， as of a hill斜坡
smother—— To suffocate （another）使窒息=eliminate To get rid of； remove消滅；消除
snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折斷=break
signify—— To denote； mean表示…的意思=denote
simultaneously——同時存在[發(fā)生]地=concurrently同時發(fā)生的，并存的；合作的
skepticism—— A doubting or questioning attitude or state of mind； dubiety懷疑態(tài)度=doubt
shield—— To protect or defend with or as if with a shield； guard保護、防衛(wèi)=protect
secrete—— To conceal in a hiding place； cache躲藏=produce？？
scarce—— Hard to find； absent or rare難得的；缺少的或罕見的=rare
scores—— A composition written for a musical comedy配樂=musical compositions音樂作品
scent—— A perfume香水=perfume
scale—— To climb up or over； ascend攀登=climb
sanitation—— Formulation and application of measures designed to protect public health.
衛(wèi)生措施=health
tremendous—— Extremely large in amount， extent， or degree； enormous巨大的=huge， greatly
trend—— A general tendency or inclination趨向=tendency
trap—— A contrivance for catching and holding animals， as a concealed pit or a clamp like device that springs shut suddenly陷阱=entomb To place in or as if in a tomb or grave埋葬
trace—— A visible mark， such as a footprint， made or left by the passage of a person， an animal， or a thing痕跡=imprint， residue The remainder of something after removal of parts or a part殘留物
textile—— A cloth， especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting； a fabric紡織品=cloth， fabric
terrestrial—— Of， relating to， or composed of land陸地的=land
terrain—— An area of land； ground地區(qū)；地帶=land
tedium—— The quality or condition of being tedious； tediousness or boredom單調(diào)乏味=tiresome
temporarily—— Lasting， used， serving， or enjoyed for a limited time在有限的時間內(nèi)持續(xù)地、被使用、發(fā)揮作用=makeshift A temporary or expedient substitute for something else.
權(quán)宜之計，暫時或臨時替代其它事物的東西
usher—— To precede and introduce； inaugurate宣告，展示介紹；開始，開創(chuàng)=begin
unrestricted—— adj.無限制的，自由的=unlimited
unsubstantiated——未經(jīng)證實的，未經(jīng)證明的=unverified未經(jīng)證實的，未經(jīng)核對的
unravel—— To separate and clarify the elements of （something mysterious or baffling）； solve分散并澄清=discover
undoubtedly——確實，無疑地，必定=unquestionably不成問題的；無可非議的；無可指責的
undergo—— To pass through； experience經(jīng)過；經(jīng)歷=experience
unadorned—— Without adornment or embellishment； simple or plain未加裝飾的；簡單的，樸素的=plain
venerable—— Commanding respect by virtue of age， dignity， character， or position值得敬重的，令人崇敬的=worship Ardent devotion； adoration.熱烈的崇拜；崇敬
variable—— Likely to change or vary； subject to variation； changeable易變的=unstable
vivid—— Evoking lifelike images within the mind； heard， seen， or felt as if real生動的=graphic Described in vivid detail生動細致地描寫的
witness—— To take note of； observe作記錄；觀察=observe
yield—— To give forth by or as if by a natural process， especially by cultivation生產(chǎn)=provide， produce
Supplements
adjunct-addition輔助-附加
coarse-rough粗糙-粗糙
collectively-together共同的-一起
conclusive-definitive最后的，結(jié)論性的-最后的，確定性的
concomitant with-in conjunction with與…相一致-與…相一致
condone-mercy寬恕-寬恕
conflict-opposition沖突-相反
considerable-great（數(shù)量、程度）巨大的-巨大的
considerable-much大量的-大量的，堅實的
considerable-substantial大量的-大量的，堅實的
consort-associate合伙人，伴侶-合伙人，伙伴
consult-counsel商量-商量
contemporary-existing當代的-現(xiàn)存的
customary-usual習(xí)俗的-一般的
dampen-moisten使潮濕-使潮濕
daring-bold大膽的-大膽的
demand-order要求-命令
demonstrate-show證明-顯示
dirt-soil土壤-土壤
disaster-catastrophe災(zāi)禍-大災(zāi)禍
discreet-careful謹慎的-小心的
disseminate-spread/impart/inform傳播-散布/傳播/傳播
distinct-different截然不同的-不同的
distinct-obvious明顯的-明顯的
distinct-separate分別的，截然不同的-分離的
distinction-difference區(qū)別-差別
draw-attract吸引-吸引
embrace-welcome（欣然）接受-歡迎
embrace-recipient接受者-接受者，收件人
enable-allow使能夠-允許
end-goal目的-目的
entomb-trap埋葬-使陷于…之中
eradicate-eliminate根除-清除
execute-create（按計劃和設(shè)計）做成，制成-創(chuàng)造
expedient-makeshift權(quán)宜之計-權(quán)宜之計
exponential leaps-rapid increases幾何級數(shù)般的跳躍-快速增加
expose-uncover揭露-揭露
first rank-highest quality的-檔次的
fixture-commonplace object固定設(shè)備-常規(guī)物體
flatter-compliment奉承-贊美
frame-pose給…設(shè)框-使擺好姿勢
fundamental-basic基本的-基本的
glow-shine發(fā)光-發(fā)光
hard-firm堅硬的-堅硬的
hemisphere-side半球-一側(cè)
incise-carve切割-雕刻
ingot-a block of metal金屬錠-一塊金屬
initially-at first最初-第一
instance-case案例-案例
instantaneous-immediate立桿見影的-立即的
intervention-influence干涉-影響
inviting-attractive吸引人的-吸引人的
lament-complain about令人對…感到遺憾-抱怨
lure-attract引誘-吸引
maneuver-trick策略，花招-詭計
margin-edge邊緣-邊緣
meticulous-careful謹小慎微的，過分注意細節(jié)的-小心的
milestone-significant development里程碑-重大的發(fā)展
minuscule-tiny微小的-微小的
minute-tiny微小的-微小的
monopolize-dominate壟斷-支配
moreover-furthermore進一步說-進一步說
mundane-ordinary世俗的-平常的
myriad of-many無數(shù)的-許多的
nevertheless-however然而-然而
novel-innovative新穎的-創(chuàng)新的
outline-summarization概要-概述
outstanding-excellent出類拔萃的-很好的
peak-maximum頂峰-值
peculiar-distinctive獨特的-獨特的
pertinent-relevant相關(guān)的-相關(guān)的
phenomenon-event現(xiàn)象-事件
pick up-follow沿著-沿著
picture-imagine/describe想象，描寫-想象/描寫
ponder-meditate沉思-沉思
ponderous-heavy笨重的-沉重的
pore-hole孔-洞
position-location位置-位置
potential-possible潛在的-可能的
prefer-favor傾向，喜歡-喜歡
preoccupation-involvement全神貫注-全神貫注
preside over-manage掌管-掌管
prominent-prestigious卓越的-的
rapid-swift快速的-迅速的
rather-instead相反-相反
readily-easily容易地-容易地
realization-awareness認識到-認識到
reap-gain收獲-獲得
reckless-irresponsible不負責任的-不負責任的
relate-connect與…有關(guān)-與…有關(guān)
reliance-dependence依靠-依靠
remarkable-extraordinary非凡的-非凡的
roll back-reduce把…壓到標準水平-降低，減少
roughly-approximately大約-大概
secure-acquire弄到，獲得-獲得
secure-safe安全的-安全的
set-establish設(shè)置-建立
settle-locate定居-坐落
shy away from-avoid躲避-躲避
since-because因為-因為
site-location地點-位置
skilled-expert熟練的-熟練的
skyrocket-increase rapidly快速上升-迅速增加
sole-only的-的
sort out-separate區(qū)分-分離
spot-identify發(fā)現(xiàn)-確定，鑒別
story-tale故事-故事
strategy-scam/trick詭計-詭計/詭計
strength-basis力量的源泉-基礎(chǔ)
stress-emphasize強調(diào)-強調(diào)
stringent-strict嚴格的-嚴格的
struggle-competition掙扎-競爭
succinct-concise/terse簡短的-簡明的/簡短的
supposed-seeming假定的-表面上的
supremacy-dominance至高無上-優(yōu)勢
suspend-hang懸掛-懸掛
tangle-twist/jumble糾纏-纏繞、使混亂
tempting-attractive吸引人的-吸引人的
thankful-grateful感謝-感激
uniform-integrate統(tǒng)一-整合
unique-particular獨一無二的-獨特的
vary-differ改變-與…不同
vast-large寬廣的，巨大的-巨大的
vibrate-convulse震動-震動
vigilant-alert警惕的-警惕的
virtually-actually/practically/almost實質(zhì)上（幾乎）-實際上（幾乎）/實際上（幾乎）/幾乎
surpass—— To be or go beyond， as in degree or quality； exceed勝過=exceed， outrun
sustain—— To keep in existence； maintain繼續(xù)生存；維持=maintain
sustenance—— Something， especially food， that sustains life or health營養(yǎng)物，尤指食物=fare Food and drink； diet食物和飲料
Means of livelihood生計=livelihood
supplement——Something added to complete a thing， make up for a deficiency， or extend or strengthen the whole補充物，用來完成某事、補充不足、擴展或加強=extension
An addition that increases the area， influence， operation， or contents of something擴大
supreme——Greatest in importance， degree， significance， character， or achievement最重要的=outstanding
succinct——Characterized by clear， precise expression in few words； concise and terse簡明的=concise
sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate
sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense； lavish豪華的；花費奢侈的=luxurious
substantial——Considerable in importance， value， degree， amount， or extent有重大價值的=considerable Worthy of consideration； significant重要的
substitute——One that takes the place of another； a replacement代用品=replacement， in place of代替
subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津貼補助=finance To supply funds to給…提供資金
subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze； elusive纖細的，細小的=slight
submit——提出，提交=present提出；呈遞
subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest補助金=financing融通資金
subject to ——在……條件下；易受……的侵襲；受控制=expose to， susceptible to
stretch——A continuous or unbroken length， area， or expanse連續(xù)不斷的長度，地區(qū)或空間=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities， as of a bridge or roof； the breadth跨度兩點或兩端間的空間
strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罷工=walkout
To come to； attain來到；到達= make contact with
striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable； conspicuous顯眼的
stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance； severe嚴格的=strict
stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action； an incentive激發(fā)物=motivate
strain ——To pull， draw， or stretch tight拉緊=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉緊
stationary—— Not capable of being moved； fixed不能被移動的；固定的=fixed， immobile
status——Position relative to that of others； standing地位=standing
sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface； adhesive粘的=adhere， cement
staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分，基本成分=basic element
squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet； spurt噴=spurt out v.噴出
staggering—— Causing great astonishment， amazement， or dismay； overwhelming令人大為吃驚、驚訝或沮喪的；使束手無策的=overwhelming
spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激，鞭策=stimulate
speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推測=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假設(shè)
spinal——Of， relating to， or situated near the spine or spinal cord； vertebral脊柱的=backbone
spark—— To set in motion； activate發(fā)動；觸發(fā)=bring about引起；致使；造成；達成
spawn—— To give rise to； engender造成；使產(chǎn)生=create
solemn—— Deeply earnest， serious， and sober莊嚴的，極認真的，嚴肅的=serious
slope——declivity A downward slope， as of a hill斜坡
smother—— To suffocate （another）使窒息=eliminate To get rid of； remove消滅；消除
snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折斷=break
signify—— To denote； mean表示…的意思=denote
simultaneously——同時存在[發(fā)生]地=concurrently同時發(fā)生的，并存的；合作的
skepticism—— A doubting or questioning attitude or state of mind； dubiety懷疑態(tài)度=doubt
shield—— To protect or defend with or as if with a shield； guard保護、防衛(wèi)=protect
secrete—— To conceal in a hiding place； cache躲藏=produce？？
scarce—— Hard to find； absent or rare難得的；缺少的或罕見的=rare
scores—— A composition written for a musical comedy配樂=musical compositions音樂作品
scent—— A perfume香水=perfume
scale—— To climb up or over； ascend攀登=climb
sanitation—— Formulation and application of measures designed to protect public health.
衛(wèi)生措施=health
tremendous—— Extremely large in amount， extent， or degree； enormous巨大的=huge， greatly
trend—— A general tendency or inclination趨向=tendency
trap—— A contrivance for catching and holding animals， as a concealed pit or a clamp like device that springs shut suddenly陷阱=entomb To place in or as if in a tomb or grave埋葬
trace—— A visible mark， such as a footprint， made or left by the passage of a person， an animal， or a thing痕跡=imprint， residue The remainder of something after removal of parts or a part殘留物
textile—— A cloth， especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting； a fabric紡織品=cloth， fabric
terrestrial—— Of， relating to， or composed of land陸地的=land
terrain—— An area of land； ground地區(qū)；地帶=land
tedium—— The quality or condition of being tedious； tediousness or boredom單調(diào)乏味=tiresome
temporarily—— Lasting， used， serving， or enjoyed for a limited time在有限的時間內(nèi)持續(xù)地、被使用、發(fā)揮作用=makeshift A temporary or expedient substitute for something else.
權(quán)宜之計，暫時或臨時替代其它事物的東西
usher—— To precede and introduce； inaugurate宣告，展示介紹；開始，開創(chuàng)=begin
unrestricted—— adj.無限制的，自由的=unlimited
unsubstantiated——未經(jīng)證實的，未經(jīng)證明的=unverified未經(jīng)證實的，未經(jīng)核對的
unravel—— To separate and clarify the elements of （something mysterious or baffling）； solve分散并澄清=discover
undoubtedly——確實，無疑地，必定=unquestionably不成問題的；無可非議的；無可指責的
undergo—— To pass through； experience經(jīng)過；經(jīng)歷=experience
unadorned—— Without adornment or embellishment； simple or plain未加裝飾的；簡單的，樸素的=plain
venerable—— Commanding respect by virtue of age， dignity， character， or position值得敬重的，令人崇敬的=worship Ardent devotion； adoration.熱烈的崇拜；崇敬
variable—— Likely to change or vary； subject to variation； changeable易變的=unstable
vivid—— Evoking lifelike images within the mind； heard， seen， or felt as if real生動的=graphic Described in vivid detail生動細致地描寫的
witness—— To take note of； observe作記錄；觀察=observe
yield—— To give forth by or as if by a natural process， especially by cultivation生產(chǎn)=provide， produce
Supplements
adjunct-addition輔助-附加
coarse-rough粗糙-粗糙
collectively-together共同的-一起
conclusive-definitive最后的，結(jié)論性的-最后的，確定性的
concomitant with-in conjunction with與…相一致-與…相一致
condone-mercy寬恕-寬恕
conflict-opposition沖突-相反
considerable-great（數(shù)量、程度）巨大的-巨大的
considerable-much大量的-大量的，堅實的
considerable-substantial大量的-大量的，堅實的
consort-associate合伙人，伴侶-合伙人，伙伴
consult-counsel商量-商量
contemporary-existing當代的-現(xiàn)存的
customary-usual習(xí)俗的-一般的
dampen-moisten使潮濕-使潮濕
daring-bold大膽的-大膽的
demand-order要求-命令
demonstrate-show證明-顯示
dirt-soil土壤-土壤
disaster-catastrophe災(zāi)禍-大災(zāi)禍
discreet-careful謹慎的-小心的
disseminate-spread/impart/inform傳播-散布/傳播/傳播
distinct-different截然不同的-不同的
distinct-obvious明顯的-明顯的
distinct-separate分別的，截然不同的-分離的
distinction-difference區(qū)別-差別
draw-attract吸引-吸引
embrace-welcome（欣然）接受-歡迎
embrace-recipient接受者-接受者，收件人
enable-allow使能夠-允許
end-goal目的-目的
entomb-trap埋葬-使陷于…之中
eradicate-eliminate根除-清除
execute-create（按計劃和設(shè)計）做成，制成-創(chuàng)造
expedient-makeshift權(quán)宜之計-權(quán)宜之計
exponential leaps-rapid increases幾何級數(shù)般的跳躍-快速增加
expose-uncover揭露-揭露
first rank-highest quality的-檔次的
fixture-commonplace object固定設(shè)備-常規(guī)物體
flatter-compliment奉承-贊美
frame-pose給…設(shè)框-使擺好姿勢
fundamental-basic基本的-基本的
glow-shine發(fā)光-發(fā)光
hard-firm堅硬的-堅硬的
hemisphere-side半球-一側(cè)
incise-carve切割-雕刻
ingot-a block of metal金屬錠-一塊金屬
initially-at first最初-第一
instance-case案例-案例
instantaneous-immediate立桿見影的-立即的
intervention-influence干涉-影響
inviting-attractive吸引人的-吸引人的
lament-complain about令人對…感到遺憾-抱怨
lure-attract引誘-吸引
maneuver-trick策略，花招-詭計
margin-edge邊緣-邊緣
meticulous-careful謹小慎微的，過分注意細節(jié)的-小心的
milestone-significant development里程碑-重大的發(fā)展
minuscule-tiny微小的-微小的
minute-tiny微小的-微小的
monopolize-dominate壟斷-支配
moreover-furthermore進一步說-進一步說
mundane-ordinary世俗的-平常的
myriad of-many無數(shù)的-許多的
nevertheless-however然而-然而
novel-innovative新穎的-創(chuàng)新的
outline-summarization概要-概述
outstanding-excellent出類拔萃的-很好的
peak-maximum頂峰-值
peculiar-distinctive獨特的-獨特的
pertinent-relevant相關(guān)的-相關(guān)的
phenomenon-event現(xiàn)象-事件
pick up-follow沿著-沿著
picture-imagine/describe想象，描寫-想象/描寫
ponder-meditate沉思-沉思
ponderous-heavy笨重的-沉重的
pore-hole孔-洞
position-location位置-位置
potential-possible潛在的-可能的
prefer-favor傾向，喜歡-喜歡
preoccupation-involvement全神貫注-全神貫注
preside over-manage掌管-掌管
prominent-prestigious卓越的-的
rapid-swift快速的-迅速的
rather-instead相反-相反
readily-easily容易地-容易地
realization-awareness認識到-認識到
reap-gain收獲-獲得
reckless-irresponsible不負責任的-不負責任的
relate-connect與…有關(guān)-與…有關(guān)
reliance-dependence依靠-依靠
remarkable-extraordinary非凡的-非凡的
roll back-reduce把…壓到標準水平-降低，減少
roughly-approximately大約-大概
secure-acquire弄到，獲得-獲得
secure-safe安全的-安全的
set-establish設(shè)置-建立
settle-locate定居-坐落
shy away from-avoid躲避-躲避
since-because因為-因為
site-location地點-位置
skilled-expert熟練的-熟練的
skyrocket-increase rapidly快速上升-迅速增加
sole-only的-的
sort out-separate區(qū)分-分離
spot-identify發(fā)現(xiàn)-確定，鑒別
story-tale故事-故事
strategy-scam/trick詭計-詭計/詭計
strength-basis力量的源泉-基礎(chǔ)
stress-emphasize強調(diào)-強調(diào)
stringent-strict嚴格的-嚴格的
struggle-competition掙扎-競爭
succinct-concise/terse簡短的-簡明的/簡短的
supposed-seeming假定的-表面上的
supremacy-dominance至高無上-優(yōu)勢
suspend-hang懸掛-懸掛
tangle-twist/jumble糾纏-纏繞、使混亂
tempting-attractive吸引人的-吸引人的
thankful-grateful感謝-感激
uniform-integrate統(tǒng)一-整合
unique-particular獨一無二的-獨特的
vary-differ改變-與…不同
vast-large寬廣的，巨大的-巨大的
vibrate-convulse震動-震動
vigilant-alert警惕的-警惕的
virtually-actually/practically/almost實質(zhì)上（幾乎）-實際上（幾乎）/實際上（幾乎）/幾乎