為了讓廣大考生更有效的備戰(zhàn)2011年職稱英語考試，整理了以下“理工類B級閱讀理解練習(xí)題”資料，供考生復(fù)習(xí)。
閱讀理解
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個選項。
第一篇
Almost Human?
Scientists are racing to build the world's first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say they will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports.
Machines that walk, speak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android （機(jī)器人） which scientists "have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT）. Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it can show human emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to show when it feels happy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids —— robots that look like human beings —— which can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother. However, scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old.
The optimists （樂觀主義者） say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids （機(jī)器人） with brains similar to those of an adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do? In the future, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us. In Japan, scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
Some people worry about what the future holds: will robots become monsters （怪物）? Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the Internet, in the future. People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets （小裝置）. Perhaps we should not exaggerate （夸大） the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether we will still feel pain. Who knows?
1 Kismet is different from traditional robots because
A it thinks for itself.
B it is not like science fiction.
C it can look after two-year-olds.
D it seems to have human feelings.
2 What makes Cog special?
A It looks like a mother.
B It behaves like a child.
C It can imitate the behavior of a mother
D It has a huge brain.
3 In about 15 years'time from now, robots
A will become space designers.
B will look like monsters.
C will behave like animals.
D will think like humans.
4 In the future robots will also
A explore space.
B entertain people.
C move much faster.
D do all of the housework
5 What is the writer's attitude to robots in the future?
A Critical.
B Hostile.
C Objective.
D Enthusiastic.
第二篇
Crystal Ear
One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. "He certainly does," replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if I'd ever thought about getting a hearing aid. "No way," I said. "It would make me look 20 years older. No, no," she replied. "This is entirely different. It's Crystal Ear!"
Jill was right. Crystal Ear is different－not the old-styled body worn or over-the-ear
aid, but an advanced personal sound system so small that it's like contacts （隱形眼鏡） for your ears. And Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerful, too. You will hear sounds your ears have been missing for years. Crystal Ear will make speech louder, and the sound is pure and natural.
I couldn't believe how tiny it is. It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it's almost invisible when worn. There are no wires, no behind-the-ear device. Put it in your ear and its ready-to-wear mold （形狀） fits comfortably. Since it's not too loud or too tight, you may even forget that you're wearing it! Use it at work or at play. And if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations, use Crystal Ear only when you need it.
Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout one's lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the world's number one health, problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the "sound solution" is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off （下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier （放大器）.
6 Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because
A it would make him look old.
B it would make him nervous.
C it was too expensive.
D it was old-styled.
7 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear?
A It is highly sensitive.
B Itis powerful.
C It is invisible.
D It is wireless.
8 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that
A you can control its volume.
B you needn't take it off every day.
C it is solar-powered.
D it saves power.
9 According to the passage, hearing loss is
A only a minor health problem.
B theworld's most common health problem
C merelya teenage disease.
D an incurable disease.
10 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because
A it is not serious.
B Crystal Ear is not yet available.
C it is not easy to have it treated.
D they don't want to look old.
第三篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise' from science. And though German prosperity （繁榮） has faltered （衰退） over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable （令人羨慕的）record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies.
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur （企業(yè)家）, the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12, 000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.
11 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
A Technology transfer.
B Good management.
C Hard work.
D Fierce competition.
12 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A It is free.
B It is profit-driven.
C It is widely available
D It is curiosity-driven.
13 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in
A Asia.
B USA.
C Europe.
D Africa.
14 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?
A In 1940.
B Last year.
C After the unification.
D In 1949.
15 The word "expertise" in line 3 could be best replaced by
A "experts".
B "scientists".
C "scholars".
D "special knowledge".
【參考答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D
6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
閱讀理解
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個選項。
第一篇
Almost Human?
Scientists are racing to build the world's first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say they will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports.
Machines that walk, speak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android （機(jī)器人） which scientists "have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT）. Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it can show human emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to show when it feels happy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids —— robots that look like human beings —— which can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother. However, scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old.
The optimists （樂觀主義者） say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids （機(jī)器人） with brains similar to those of an adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do? In the future, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us. In Japan, scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
Some people worry about what the future holds: will robots become monsters （怪物）? Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the Internet, in the future. People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets （小裝置）. Perhaps we should not exaggerate （夸大） the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether we will still feel pain. Who knows?
1 Kismet is different from traditional robots because
A it thinks for itself.
B it is not like science fiction.
C it can look after two-year-olds.
D it seems to have human feelings.
2 What makes Cog special?
A It looks like a mother.
B It behaves like a child.
C It can imitate the behavior of a mother
D It has a huge brain.
3 In about 15 years'time from now, robots
A will become space designers.
B will look like monsters.
C will behave like animals.
D will think like humans.
4 In the future robots will also
A explore space.
B entertain people.
C move much faster.
D do all of the housework
5 What is the writer's attitude to robots in the future?
A Critical.
B Hostile.
C Objective.
D Enthusiastic.
第二篇
Crystal Ear
One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. "He certainly does," replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if I'd ever thought about getting a hearing aid. "No way," I said. "It would make me look 20 years older. No, no," she replied. "This is entirely different. It's Crystal Ear!"
Jill was right. Crystal Ear is different－not the old-styled body worn or over-the-ear
aid, but an advanced personal sound system so small that it's like contacts （隱形眼鏡） for your ears. And Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerful, too. You will hear sounds your ears have been missing for years. Crystal Ear will make speech louder, and the sound is pure and natural.
I couldn't believe how tiny it is. It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it's almost invisible when worn. There are no wires, no behind-the-ear device. Put it in your ear and its ready-to-wear mold （形狀） fits comfortably. Since it's not too loud or too tight, you may even forget that you're wearing it! Use it at work or at play. And if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations, use Crystal Ear only when you need it.
Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout one's lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the world's number one health, problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the "sound solution" is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off （下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier （放大器）.
6 Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because
A it would make him look old.
B it would make him nervous.
C it was too expensive.
D it was old-styled.
7 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear?
A It is highly sensitive.
B Itis powerful.
C It is invisible.
D It is wireless.
8 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that
A you can control its volume.
B you needn't take it off every day.
C it is solar-powered.
D it saves power.
9 According to the passage, hearing loss is
A only a minor health problem.
B theworld's most common health problem
C merelya teenage disease.
D an incurable disease.
10 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because
A it is not serious.
B Crystal Ear is not yet available.
C it is not easy to have it treated.
D they don't want to look old.
第三篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise' from science. And though German prosperity （繁榮） has faltered （衰退） over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable （令人羨慕的）record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies.
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur （企業(yè)家）, the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12, 000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.
11 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
A Technology transfer.
B Good management.
C Hard work.
D Fierce competition.
12 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A It is free.
B It is profit-driven.
C It is widely available
D It is curiosity-driven.
13 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in
A Asia.
B USA.
C Europe.
D Africa.
14 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?
A In 1940.
B Last year.
C After the unification.
D In 1949.
15 The word "expertise" in line 3 could be best replaced by
A "experts".
B "scientists".
C "scholars".
D "special knowledge".
【參考答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D
6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D