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        備考英語四六級實(shí)用基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)重點(diǎn):主謂一致

        字號(hào):


             我在這里說的主謂一致并不是指單純的語法現(xiàn)象,而是在寫作中的具體應(yīng)用,這也是我為什么說是實(shí)用基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的原因,大家都知道主謂一致的語法點(diǎn)很多,我在這里只總結(jié)了寫作中最常用的幾點(diǎn):
            (1) 當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞做主語后接with,together with,as well as,rather than等短語做定語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞形式不受定語的影響,也就是說無論定語中名詞或者代詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞只和主語保持一致,在寫作中可經(jīng)常用到這一點(diǎn)??聪旅孢@個(gè)例子:
            老師和同學(xué)們步行去那里。這句話怎么翻譯呢?我想很多人如果在寫作中想表達(dá)這個(gè)意思會(huì)翻譯成The teacher and his students are going there on foot.這樣的句子顯得有些單調(diào),如果應(yīng)用我們上面說的這個(gè)語言點(diǎn)時(shí),可以說:The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.大家可以比較一下這2句話的差別,是不是第2個(gè)句子更有“檔次”些呢?但是如果第2個(gè)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞is搞錯(cuò),不但提高不了分?jǐn)?shù),反而弄巧成拙扣了很多分,這一點(diǎn)一定要注意。
            (2) 有些同學(xué)想增加文章的亮點(diǎn),會(huì)嘗試使用一些名詞性從句或者非謂語動(dòng)詞短語做主語,這種情況也要注意謂語動(dòng)詞的準(zhǔn)確使用。名詞性從句或者非謂語動(dòng)詞短語做主語時(shí)往往表達(dá)一種抽象概念,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式,看下面2句話:Driving cars is easy. To protect the fruits of our country victory is our sacred duty.
            (3) Neither nor,either or,not only but also等句型在寫作種也比較常用,這種句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該取決與主語中鄰近部分,看下面這個(gè)句子:Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching TV.
            (4) 在議論文寫作中會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到“大量許多”,很多同學(xué)只會(huì)用many much這種簡單的表達(dá),我把它的短語表達(dá)方式總結(jié)一下供大家寫作時(shí)使用。
            第一組:A large amount of,large amounts of (只修飾不可數(shù)名詞)
            例句:A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.
            Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
            第二組:A large number of,large numbers of
            第三組:A lot of,lots of
            第四組:A large quantity of,quantities of.
            第五組 many a ,more than one
            例句:Many a way has been tried.
            More than one example is necessary to make students understand
            this rule clearly.
            如果使用這組表達(dá)也要特別注意謂語動(dòng)詞的形式,many a ,more than one做
            定語修飾主語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),雖然表示復(fù)數(shù)概念但是謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
            大家在寫作中可以靈活運(yùn)用這些表達(dá),為自己的文章添彩!