C
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants
Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet
smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as
Bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by
Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the
Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ---- or even
Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical
Sensor（傳感器）called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make
When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being
Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual
Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house
Thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the
device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the
e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato
plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged
leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made
holes in the leaves with a hole punch（打孔器）.
The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on
The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged.
But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole
Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.
A. making some sounds B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals
50. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A. They presented it with all common crops.
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
51. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.
A. pick out ripe fruits
B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves
D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
52 We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue
D. is helpful in killing harmful insects
D
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老)treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, ”O(jiān)h boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.”I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his while
Several months ago I was racing to catch a him As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Grey hound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile ,”O(jiān)h that bus left five minutes ago.”Dreams of head-cutting!
It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter mainly told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warming .Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, ” Oh, that’s all right I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news ,deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded(被轟炸的)person is sure to have.
53.In Paragraph 1,the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to ____.
A. make a comparison B. introduce a topic
C. describe a scene D. offer an argument
54.In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was ___.
A. friendly B. warm-hearted C. not considerate D. not helpful
55.From “Dreams of head-cutting!”(Paragraph3),we learn that the writer___.
A. was mad at the sales agent
B. was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
C. wished that the sales agent would have had dreams
D. dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night.
56.What is the main idea of the text?
A. Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.
B. Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.
C. Receiving bad news requires great courage.
D. Learning ancient traditions can be useful.
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants
Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet
smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as
Bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by
Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the
Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ---- or even
Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical
Sensor（傳感器）called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make
When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being
Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual
Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house
Thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the
device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the
e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato
plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged
leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made
holes in the leaves with a hole punch（打孔器）.
The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on
The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged.
But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole
Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.
A. making some sounds B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals
50. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A. They presented it with all common crops.
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
51. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.
A. pick out ripe fruits
B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves
D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
52 We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue
D. is helpful in killing harmful insects
D
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老)treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, ”O(jiān)h boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.”I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his while
Several months ago I was racing to catch a him As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Grey hound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile ,”O(jiān)h that bus left five minutes ago.”Dreams of head-cutting!
It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter mainly told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warming .Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, ” Oh, that’s all right I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news ,deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded(被轟炸的)person is sure to have.
53.In Paragraph 1,the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to ____.
A. make a comparison B. introduce a topic
C. describe a scene D. offer an argument
54.In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was ___.
A. friendly B. warm-hearted C. not considerate D. not helpful
55.From “Dreams of head-cutting!”(Paragraph3),we learn that the writer___.
A. was mad at the sales agent
B. was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
C. wished that the sales agent would have had dreams
D. dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night.
56.What is the main idea of the text?
A. Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.
B. Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.
C. Receiving bad news requires great courage.
D. Learning ancient traditions can be useful.