TEXT J First read the following questions. 57. Silk worms were introduced into Europe by ____ A. two Justinian monks. B. two countries of Constantinople. C. two Persian Monks. D. two Egyptian priests. 58. People began making shoes for each foot ____ A. in Roman Times. B. in the Middle Ages. C. in the eighteenth century. D. in the nineteenth century. Now go through TEXT quickly and answer questions 57 and 58. Cotton was not exported to Europe until the eighth century A.D. It was brought to Spain then by the Moors of North Africa. The Europeans liked the textile and began to make cotton cloth. By the fifteenth century, the cotton industry had spread from Spain to central Europe and the Low countries. When Columbus arrived in the West Indies, he found the Indians wearing cotton clothes. Pizarro, the Spanish conqueror of Peru, found that the Incas were growing cotton for use in the making of clothes. Magellan found the Brazilians swinging in cotton hammocks. And Cortes was so impressed by the beauty of the cotton tapestries and rugs that the Aztecs made, that he sent some of them as presents to King Charles II of Spain. The Chinese were the first people to make silk clothing, and for more than 2000 years, they were the only people in the world who knew how to make silk. The Chinese guarded the secret of their silk manufacture carefully. Their merchants grew rich in the silk trade with other Asian countries and Europe. Silk, in fact, was so expensive that it was known as the "cloth of king". During the region of Emperor Justinian of Constantinople, two Persian monks who lived in China brought silk worms to Europe. In the years that followed, Western Europeans learned how to grow silkworms and use the silk from the cocoons. Silk is still one of the most useful textile in clothing manufacture because of its extremely strong fibers. A thread of silk is two-thirds as strong as an iron wore of the same size and so smooth that dirt cannot cling to it easily. Two hundred years ago, most of the people of the world had little or no clothing. Clothing was taken care of very carefully and handed down from parents to children. Many people never owned a new garment in their lives, and except for the rich, no on had more than one outfit of clothes at a time. Primitive man made shoes long before he made permanent records on clay tablets or parchment scrolls. For many centuries, the shoemaker was interested only in covering the foot. Although he used fancy leathers and decorated shoes in many ways, he paid little attention to the fit of a shoe. In fact, it was only after 1850 that someone hit upon the idea of making different-shaped shoes for the left and the right foot.
57. Silk worms were introduced into Europe by ____
A) two Justinian monks.
B) two countries of Constantinople.
C) two Persian Monks.
D) two Egyptian priests.
58. People began making shoes for each foot ____
A) in Roman Times.
B) in the Middle Ages.
C) in the eighteenth century.
D) in the nineteenth century.
TEXT K First read the following questions. 59. Scurvy is a disease which causes ____ A. loss of blood. B. swollen limbs. C. exhaustion. D. bright red spot on the flesh. 60. The disease "beriberi" ____ A. kills large numbers of western peoples. B. is a vitamin deficiency disease. C. is transmitted by diseased rice. D. can be caught from diseased chickens. Now go through TEXT K quickly and answer questions 59 and 60. In the early days of sea travel, seamen on ling voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy, a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The mens lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors. Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called "vitamin". Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in flesh and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility to colds and influenza. The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting, or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins. Another example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as "beriberi", which used to afflict large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. In the early years of this century a Dutch scientist called Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beriberi. At first he thought it was transmitted by a germ. He was working in a Japanese hospital where the patients were fed on rice which had had the outer husk removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak sick people to digest. Eijkman thought his germ theory was confirmed when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on scraps from the patients plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ he thought was causing the disease but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who decreed that the huskless polished rice, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked and the chickens fed on cheap, coarse rice with the outer covering still on the grain. Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice somehow prevented or cured beriberi——even that a lack of some ingredient in the husk might be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beriberi was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husks and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive was in fact perpetuating the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible diseases is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
59. Scurvy is a disease which causes ____
A) loss of blood.
B) swollen limbs.
C) exhaustion.
D) bright red spot on the flesh.
60. The disease "beriberi" ____
A) kills large numbers of western peoples.
B) is a vitamin deficiency disease.
C) is transmitted by diseased rice.
D) can be caught from diseased chickens.
PART IV TRANSLATION
Translate the following underlined part of the text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
尊老愛幼的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)在海外華人中一直保持著。不論是單個兒的華人家庭，還是華人集中居住的區(qū)域，人們都把尊敬老人，愛護幼小看作自己民族的美德，并希望它世世代代發(fā)揚下去。根據(jù)1982年新加坡對5538民老人的調(diào)查，有88%的老人與親人同??；1983年新加坡對3000民婦女的調(diào)查，97%認(rèn)為子女有責(zé)任奉養(yǎng)年老體弱的父母，89%反對子女將父母送老人院照顧。這很好地說明了“父母養(yǎng)育子女，子女孝敬父母”這一優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)觀念在海外華人中的深遠(yuǎn)影響。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
As we drove to New Yorks tenement district my mind went back to the years when I had known Benny Cremona. He had a one-chair barbershop in the neighborhood, where I was born and brought up. In that brawling neighborhood, a tough tenement jungle, a cockpit of different nationalities and customs and feuds, Mr. Cremonas barbershop was an oasis of beauty and good will. He scorned the usual barbershop trappings of those days: the racy calendars, the crime-and-sex gazettes. "The way Im working," he would say, "Im always looking down at heads. A mans got to have something to look up to, too." When we youngsters had our hair cut we gazed on reproductions of the Mona Lisa, the Winged Victory, the Adoration of the Magi, Michelangelos David. We learned who Dante was, and Shakespeare, by hearing for the first time the splendid, gleaming lines of poetry. Mr. Cremona was a round butter-ball of a man with an enormous, flowing black mustache, and he acted our everything he told us. He was versatile with his scissors. They might be a conductors baton, the brush between Rembrandts fingers, or —— as he pirouetted in a Shakespearean duel —— a rapier.
PART V WRITING
Directions: Some people think money is all powerful. What is your opinion about it? Write an essay of about 300 words within 60 minutes.
Is Money all powerful? In the first part you should clearly state your opinion about this topic and in the following parts you should support your opinion with appropriate detail or examples. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
57. Silk worms were introduced into Europe by ____
A) two Justinian monks.
B) two countries of Constantinople.
C) two Persian Monks.
D) two Egyptian priests.
58. People began making shoes for each foot ____
A) in Roman Times.
B) in the Middle Ages.
C) in the eighteenth century.
D) in the nineteenth century.
TEXT K First read the following questions. 59. Scurvy is a disease which causes ____ A. loss of blood. B. swollen limbs. C. exhaustion. D. bright red spot on the flesh. 60. The disease "beriberi" ____ A. kills large numbers of western peoples. B. is a vitamin deficiency disease. C. is transmitted by diseased rice. D. can be caught from diseased chickens. Now go through TEXT K quickly and answer questions 59 and 60. In the early days of sea travel, seamen on ling voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy, a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The mens lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors. Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called "vitamin". Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in flesh and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility to colds and influenza. The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting, or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins. Another example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as "beriberi", which used to afflict large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. In the early years of this century a Dutch scientist called Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beriberi. At first he thought it was transmitted by a germ. He was working in a Japanese hospital where the patients were fed on rice which had had the outer husk removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak sick people to digest. Eijkman thought his germ theory was confirmed when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on scraps from the patients plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ he thought was causing the disease but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who decreed that the huskless polished rice, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked and the chickens fed on cheap, coarse rice with the outer covering still on the grain. Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice somehow prevented or cured beriberi——even that a lack of some ingredient in the husk might be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beriberi was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husks and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive was in fact perpetuating the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible diseases is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
59. Scurvy is a disease which causes ____
A) loss of blood.
B) swollen limbs.
C) exhaustion.
D) bright red spot on the flesh.
60. The disease "beriberi" ____
A) kills large numbers of western peoples.
B) is a vitamin deficiency disease.
C) is transmitted by diseased rice.
D) can be caught from diseased chickens.
PART IV TRANSLATION
Translate the following underlined part of the text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
尊老愛幼的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)在海外華人中一直保持著。不論是單個兒的華人家庭，還是華人集中居住的區(qū)域，人們都把尊敬老人，愛護幼小看作自己民族的美德，并希望它世世代代發(fā)揚下去。根據(jù)1982年新加坡對5538民老人的調(diào)查，有88%的老人與親人同??；1983年新加坡對3000民婦女的調(diào)查，97%認(rèn)為子女有責(zé)任奉養(yǎng)年老體弱的父母，89%反對子女將父母送老人院照顧。這很好地說明了“父母養(yǎng)育子女，子女孝敬父母”這一優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)觀念在海外華人中的深遠(yuǎn)影響。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
As we drove to New Yorks tenement district my mind went back to the years when I had known Benny Cremona. He had a one-chair barbershop in the neighborhood, where I was born and brought up. In that brawling neighborhood, a tough tenement jungle, a cockpit of different nationalities and customs and feuds, Mr. Cremonas barbershop was an oasis of beauty and good will. He scorned the usual barbershop trappings of those days: the racy calendars, the crime-and-sex gazettes. "The way Im working," he would say, "Im always looking down at heads. A mans got to have something to look up to, too." When we youngsters had our hair cut we gazed on reproductions of the Mona Lisa, the Winged Victory, the Adoration of the Magi, Michelangelos David. We learned who Dante was, and Shakespeare, by hearing for the first time the splendid, gleaming lines of poetry. Mr. Cremona was a round butter-ball of a man with an enormous, flowing black mustache, and he acted our everything he told us. He was versatile with his scissors. They might be a conductors baton, the brush between Rembrandts fingers, or —— as he pirouetted in a Shakespearean duel —— a rapier.
PART V WRITING
Directions: Some people think money is all powerful. What is your opinion about it? Write an essay of about 300 words within 60 minutes.
Is Money all powerful? In the first part you should clearly state your opinion about this topic and in the following parts you should support your opinion with appropriate detail or examples. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.