Sth. is being + V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+is being+過去分詞…
說明︰此句型意為“…正在被…”。是<進行式>的<被動語態(tài)>.
Money is being used in place of something more direct.金錢正在被更直接地用來取代某種東西。
The machine is being experimentally used. 這些機器正在被實驗地使用著。
The problems are being discussed. 這些問題正在被討論著。
…… go + V-ing ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰go+現(xiàn)在分詞
說明︰此句型意為“從事…”。go 之后的現(xiàn)在<分詞>通常是運動類的<動詞>,如:fishing(釣魚),boating(劃船),skating(溜冰),skiing(滑雪),hunting(打獵),mountain climbing(爬山), shopping(購物)等。
Sometimes Mr. Black went swimming with the children.有時布拉克先生和這些小孩去游泳。
We went fishing yesterday and I caught three fish. 我們昨天去釣魚,而我釣了三條。
I find it interesting and healthy to go mountain climbing. 我覺得爬山有趣又有益健康。
The American housewife probably goes shopping only once or twice a week.
美國家庭主婦可能一星期只購物一、二次。
You may go grass skiing, bicycle riding, or shopping on the weekend.
周末你可以去滑草,騎腳踏車,或購物。
the + V-ing/V-ed/ADJ
結(jié)構(gòu)︰the+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞
說明︰<形容詞>,包括可做<形容詞>的<分詞>,前面加<冠詞> the,可當復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>用,表示“全體”的意思,其后的<動詞>用復(fù)數(shù)形。常用的有:the wounded(所有受傷的人),the handicapped(所有殘障者),the rich(有錢人),the dead(所有已死的人),the dying(所有垂死的人),the unknown(所有未知之事)等。
The rich are not necessarily happy. 有錢人未必快樂。
The oppressed were free after the coup. 被壓迫的人民,在政變之后獲得自由。
The dying were rushed to the hospital. 垂死的人被急速送往醫(yī)院。
During the depression, millions of the unemployed wandered around in the streets.
經(jīng)濟蕭條時期,有好幾百萬的失業(yè)者在街頭游蕩。
V-ing/V-ed ……, Main Clause
結(jié)構(gòu)︰現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞…,主要子句
說明︰這是含<分詞>句構(gòu)的<句型>,是以<分詞詞組>代替<副詞子句>.<主要子句>中的<主詞>應(yīng)和<分詞詞組>中的動作接受者一致。若<動詞>為 be 或 have been,變成現(xiàn)在<分詞> being 或 having been后,可以省略。<否定句>若變成<分詞詞組>時,<否定副詞> not 或 never 應(yīng)置于<分詞>之前。
Holding the watch up, she listened. 把表拿起來,她注意聽。
Standing in the dark, I can not see anything. 站在黑夜里,我什么也看不見。
Sitting under the tree, I was hit by a stone on the head. 我坐在樹下,被一塊石頭擊中了頭。
(Being) a lover of nature, he often goes mountain climbing.因為熱愛大自然,他常常去爬山。
Angry with his wife, Tom kicked the dog. 因為和太太生氣,湯姆踢狗。
Rich and generous, he contributed two million dollars to the Red Cross.
因為有錢又慷慨,他捐了兩百萬圓給紅十字會。
(Having been) Knocked down by a car, he spent a week in the hospital.
被車子撞倒后,他在醫(yī)院里度過了一星期。
Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use. 因受到嚴重損壞,這座橋不再使用了。
Caught in a rain, he was wet all over. 淋到了一場雨,他全身都濕了。
Bitten by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.
被狗咬過,這個小男孩不敢再和狗玩。
Written in English, the book is difficult for me to understand.
用英文寫的這本書對我來說很難理解。
Not (being) fond of learning, he ran away from home. 由于不喜歡讀書,他就離家出走了。
Never having been to Switzerland before, he longs for a trip there.
因為從來沒去過瑞士,他期待一趟瑞士之旅。
When + V-ing ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰when/while/once/if/unless/though+現(xiàn)在分詞
說明︰當when,while,once,if,unless,though 等<副詞><連接詞>引導(dǎo)<副詞子句>時,若其<主詞>與<主要子句>相同,可保留該<副詞><連接詞>,其余部分則化簡為<分詞詞組>.
He says “Please” when making a request. 請求時,他說:“請”。
When waiting for a bus, he takes his turn. 等公共汽車時,他按順序排隊。
He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的時候,他停下來和我說話。
If falling ill, I'll stay home taking a good rest. 如果生病,我會待在家里好好休息。
Once arriving there, I'll keep contact with you. 一到那里,我會跟你連絡(luò)。
Unless (being) rich, I am not going to buy a house. 除非有錢,要不然我是不會買房子的。
Though knowing the truth, he remained silent. 雖然他知道實情,卻保持沉默。
N + V-ing/V-ed
結(jié)構(gòu)︰名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞,…
說明︰這是含獨立<分詞>結(jié)構(gòu)的<句型>,即因<主詞>不同而將<分詞>意義上的<主詞>置于<分詞>之前。若 <動詞>為 be 或 have been,變成現(xiàn)在<分詞> being 或 having been 后,可以省略。若<分詞>意義上的<主詞>是 we,you,one 等表世上之一般人的情形時,即使和<主要子句>之<主詞>不同,也可省略,變成慣用的句子,常用的有:frankly speaking(坦白說),judging from(由…觀之),talking about/of(談?wù)劇琯enerally speaking(一般而言),roughly speaking(大體言之)等。
They were trembling, their mouths watering at the thought of the beer.
他們顫抖著,一想到啤酒,口水就流出來。
He was sitting next to Mrs. Smith, his eyes resting on her daughter.
他坐在史密斯太太的旁邊,他的視線落在她女兒的身上。
The earthquake took place, the windows broken into pieces. 地震發(fā)生了,戶破得粉碎。
“There it is,” he whispered, his eyes (being) bright with sudden tears.
“就在那里。”他低聲地說,他的眼睛閃亮著突然而來的眼淚。
He said in a low voice, both his hands (being) on his back. 他低聲地說,他的雙手放在背后。
He argued, his voice trembling with anger. 他爭論著,他的聲音由于生氣而顫抖。
Generally speaking, women live longer than men. 一般而言,女性壽命較男性長。
Frankly speaking, he is not so bad as you might think. 坦白講,他沒有你想象中的壞。
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+is being+過去分詞…
說明︰此句型意為“…正在被…”。是<進行式>的<被動語態(tài)>.
Money is being used in place of something more direct.金錢正在被更直接地用來取代某種東西。
The machine is being experimentally used. 這些機器正在被實驗地使用著。
The problems are being discussed. 這些問題正在被討論著。
…… go + V-ing ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰go+現(xiàn)在分詞
說明︰此句型意為“從事…”。go 之后的現(xiàn)在<分詞>通常是運動類的<動詞>,如:fishing(釣魚),boating(劃船),skating(溜冰),skiing(滑雪),hunting(打獵),mountain climbing(爬山), shopping(購物)等。
Sometimes Mr. Black went swimming with the children.有時布拉克先生和這些小孩去游泳。
We went fishing yesterday and I caught three fish. 我們昨天去釣魚,而我釣了三條。
I find it interesting and healthy to go mountain climbing. 我覺得爬山有趣又有益健康。
The American housewife probably goes shopping only once or twice a week.
美國家庭主婦可能一星期只購物一、二次。
You may go grass skiing, bicycle riding, or shopping on the weekend.
周末你可以去滑草,騎腳踏車,或購物。
the + V-ing/V-ed/ADJ
結(jié)構(gòu)︰the+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞
說明︰<形容詞>,包括可做<形容詞>的<分詞>,前面加<冠詞> the,可當復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>用,表示“全體”的意思,其后的<動詞>用復(fù)數(shù)形。常用的有:the wounded(所有受傷的人),the handicapped(所有殘障者),the rich(有錢人),the dead(所有已死的人),the dying(所有垂死的人),the unknown(所有未知之事)等。
The rich are not necessarily happy. 有錢人未必快樂。
The oppressed were free after the coup. 被壓迫的人民,在政變之后獲得自由。
The dying were rushed to the hospital. 垂死的人被急速送往醫(yī)院。
During the depression, millions of the unemployed wandered around in the streets.
經(jīng)濟蕭條時期,有好幾百萬的失業(yè)者在街頭游蕩。
V-ing/V-ed ……, Main Clause
結(jié)構(gòu)︰現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞…,主要子句
說明︰這是含<分詞>句構(gòu)的<句型>,是以<分詞詞組>代替<副詞子句>.<主要子句>中的<主詞>應(yīng)和<分詞詞組>中的動作接受者一致。若<動詞>為 be 或 have been,變成現(xiàn)在<分詞> being 或 having been后,可以省略。<否定句>若變成<分詞詞組>時,<否定副詞> not 或 never 應(yīng)置于<分詞>之前。
Holding the watch up, she listened. 把表拿起來,她注意聽。
Standing in the dark, I can not see anything. 站在黑夜里,我什么也看不見。
Sitting under the tree, I was hit by a stone on the head. 我坐在樹下,被一塊石頭擊中了頭。
(Being) a lover of nature, he often goes mountain climbing.因為熱愛大自然,他常常去爬山。
Angry with his wife, Tom kicked the dog. 因為和太太生氣,湯姆踢狗。
Rich and generous, he contributed two million dollars to the Red Cross.
因為有錢又慷慨,他捐了兩百萬圓給紅十字會。
(Having been) Knocked down by a car, he spent a week in the hospital.
被車子撞倒后,他在醫(yī)院里度過了一星期。
Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use. 因受到嚴重損壞,這座橋不再使用了。
Caught in a rain, he was wet all over. 淋到了一場雨,他全身都濕了。
Bitten by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.
被狗咬過,這個小男孩不敢再和狗玩。
Written in English, the book is difficult for me to understand.
用英文寫的這本書對我來說很難理解。
Not (being) fond of learning, he ran away from home. 由于不喜歡讀書,他就離家出走了。
Never having been to Switzerland before, he longs for a trip there.
因為從來沒去過瑞士,他期待一趟瑞士之旅。
When + V-ing ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰when/while/once/if/unless/though+現(xiàn)在分詞
說明︰當when,while,once,if,unless,though 等<副詞><連接詞>引導(dǎo)<副詞子句>時,若其<主詞>與<主要子句>相同,可保留該<副詞><連接詞>,其余部分則化簡為<分詞詞組>.
He says “Please” when making a request. 請求時,他說:“請”。
When waiting for a bus, he takes his turn. 等公共汽車時,他按順序排隊。
He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的時候,他停下來和我說話。
If falling ill, I'll stay home taking a good rest. 如果生病,我會待在家里好好休息。
Once arriving there, I'll keep contact with you. 一到那里,我會跟你連絡(luò)。
Unless (being) rich, I am not going to buy a house. 除非有錢,要不然我是不會買房子的。
Though knowing the truth, he remained silent. 雖然他知道實情,卻保持沉默。
N + V-ing/V-ed
結(jié)構(gòu)︰名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞,…
說明︰這是含獨立<分詞>結(jié)構(gòu)的<句型>,即因<主詞>不同而將<分詞>意義上的<主詞>置于<分詞>之前。若 <動詞>為 be 或 have been,變成現(xiàn)在<分詞> being 或 having been 后,可以省略。若<分詞>意義上的<主詞>是 we,you,one 等表世上之一般人的情形時,即使和<主要子句>之<主詞>不同,也可省略,變成慣用的句子,常用的有:frankly speaking(坦白說),judging from(由…觀之),talking about/of(談?wù)劇琯enerally speaking(一般而言),roughly speaking(大體言之)等。
They were trembling, their mouths watering at the thought of the beer.
他們顫抖著,一想到啤酒,口水就流出來。
He was sitting next to Mrs. Smith, his eyes resting on her daughter.
他坐在史密斯太太的旁邊,他的視線落在她女兒的身上。
The earthquake took place, the windows broken into pieces. 地震發(fā)生了,戶破得粉碎。
“There it is,” he whispered, his eyes (being) bright with sudden tears.
“就在那里。”他低聲地說,他的眼睛閃亮著突然而來的眼淚。
He said in a low voice, both his hands (being) on his back. 他低聲地說,他的雙手放在背后。
He argued, his voice trembling with anger. 他爭論著,他的聲音由于生氣而顫抖。
Generally speaking, women live longer than men. 一般而言,女性壽命較男性長。
Frankly speaking, he is not so bad as you might think. 坦白講,他沒有你想象中的壞。