We Have Cut Expenditures 我們已經(jīng)降低了支出，沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密協(xié)議，美國總統(tǒng)訪談錄采訪文稿 。詳細(xì)內(nèi)容如下，和出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編一起來看一下吧!
    
    　點(diǎn)擊收聽音頻
    Reporter: Merriman Smith, United Press: Mr. President, we have heard something of this from other sources, but we wonder if you could tell us about the reasons and your plans to ask Congress to postpone the corporation and excise tax reduction next year?
    記者：我是合眾社的梅里曼?史密斯， 總統(tǒng)先生，我們從其他渠道聽到了一些 事情，但是我們想知道你是否能告訴我 們你要國會(huì)推遲明年減少稅收實(shí)踐的計(jì) 劃和原因?
    Eisenhower: Well, it is a very simple process. As I have told you before, the financial affairs of the Government are really very complicated, and they have numbers of unknown factors. One of them is the expenditures, what they are going to be, which always have to be estimated in advance. Another is income. And the other, of course, is the deficit and its effect on the value of the dollar, which introduces, definitely a variable factor. This administration has been very much in favor, as you know, of extending such things as social security coverage, unemployment coverage, and all that sort of thing. There are two reasons for that一there are three reasons: one, of course, is the humanitarian, giving to these people a feeling of security and confidence. Two, the added stability you get in times of recession; you keep up the income of the mass of people, and keep up their purchasing power. But, three, all of this falls by the board unless your money stays stable. A pension plan is worth nothing if you pay for it in dollars that are now worth a hundred cents, and finally you draw it down in terms of 2-cent dollars. So, this whole business of the financial affairs of the country, you have to take all of these things into account simultaneously. Now, to lower taxes, you first must lower expenditures; and we have cut expenditures as, I think you will see when the figures finally come out, to what we consider the safe minimum. But if you still have a deficit that begins to loom up as having a real effect on the value of your dollar, then you must keep up your taxable income. That taxable income, as we see it now forecast, will require the continuation of the 5 percent extra on the corporations, and these excise taxes as they now stand. Of course, they were already reduced last year. That takes positive action on the part of the Congress, because they are due to expire—those two taxes—as you know, on April 1st I believe it is. So it is merely a question of keeping all of these matters in balance, as we see it, to the good of the whole country.
    艾森豪威爾：嗯，這個(gè)很簡單。我之前 告訴過你們，政府的金融事務(wù)真的很復(fù) 雜，這里有很多未知因素。其中一個(gè)是 費(fèi)用支出，他們要做的事情總是要提前 進(jìn)行估算的。另一個(gè)是收入，當(dāng)然還有 赤字和赤字對美元價(jià)值的影響，這就 是可變因素。政府大力支持，如你所 知，政府支持增加社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)覆蓋率和失 業(yè)保險(xiǎn)覆蓋率等這樣的事情。有兩個(gè)原 因——是三個(gè)原因：第一，當(dāng)然是出于 人道主義的考慮，給這些人保障和自 信。第二，這增加了衰退期人們生活的 穩(wěn)定性，保證了人民大眾的收入，保證 了他們的購買力。但是，第三，只有貨 帀穩(wěn)定了，經(jīng)濟(jì)才不會(huì)衰落。如果以現(xiàn)在價(jià)值美分的美元支付，那么津貼 計(jì)劃就沒有用處，最終人們只能拿到2 美分。所以，國家的整個(gè)金融事業(yè)必須 自發(fā)地把所有的事情都算在內(nèi)?，F(xiàn)在要 降低稅收，首先要降低支出;我們已經(jīng) 降低了支出，我想當(dāng)最終數(shù)據(jù)出爐后， 你們會(huì)看到我們計(jì)劃的最小安全數(shù)字。 但是如果還有赤字，且赤字開始對美元 價(jià)格產(chǎn)生真正影響，那么你就必須維持 稅收收入。我們看到現(xiàn)在預(yù)計(jì)的稅收要 求對公司征收額外的5%的續(xù)稅，這和他們現(xiàn)在上的稅一樣。當(dāng)然，去年已經(jīng) 降低了稅收。國會(huì)方面采取了積極行 動(dòng)，因?yàn)轳R上就要到期了——你知道， 我想那兩項(xiàng)稅收是4月1日到期。所以 這僅僅是保持這些問題平衡的問題，如 我們看到的，是為整個(gè)國家好。
    Reporter: Raymond P. Brandt, St. Louis Post-Dispatch: Mr. President, will you ask a 1-year extension or 2 or 3 years’ extension of these taxes?
    記者：我是《圣路易斯郵報(bào)》的雷蒙德?布蘭特，總統(tǒng)先生，你會(huì)延遲一 年或兩三年再收稅嗎?
    Eisenhower: I don’t believe that the point has been discussed in detail. I had thought of it in terms of 1 year, but it may be that the Treasury Department has some other term in mind. I can’t give you an exact answer because that particular point hasn’t been discussed.
    艾森豪威爾：我想還沒有就這個(gè)問題進(jìn)行具體討論。我第一年任期已經(jīng)考慮了 這個(gè)問題，但是可能財(cái)政部在顧慮其他 方面。我不能給你準(zhǔn)確的答案，因?yàn)檫€ 沒討論到這一點(diǎn)。
    Reporter: John Herling, Editors Syndicate.‘ Mr. President, in the past year the Secretary of Labor has come up with at least two major ideas: one, the raising of the minimum wage from the present 75-cent level, and, two, the opposition to the anti-union shop laws in States now permitted under the Taft-Hartley law. Does the Secretary of Labor.
    記者：我是《辛迪加編輯》的約翰?赫 林，總統(tǒng)先生，過去一年勞動(dòng)部部長已 經(jīng)有了兩個(gè)重要想法：一是提高目前 75%的最低薪酬水平，第二是反對美 國塔夫脫-哈特利法允許的反商鋪聯(lián)合 法。勞動(dòng)部部長有沒有——
    Eisenhower: You are talking about the right-to-work laws of the States?
    艾森豪威爾：你是說美國的自由工作權(quán) 法?
    Reporter: Well, the proponents call them right-to-work laws, and the opponents don’t; yes, sir. Does the Secretary of Labor then have your support on the increase in the minimum wage and, second, do you yourself favor the position of the Secretary of Labor in regard to the so-called right-to.-work laws?
    記者：嗯，支持者稱之為自由工作權(quán) 法，反對者不這么叫;是的，先生。勞動(dòng)部部長在增加最低報(bào)償?shù)氖虑樯系玫?了你的支持嗎?第二，你個(gè)人支持他在所謂的自由工作權(quán)法上的態(tài)度嗎?
    Eisenhower: With regard to the first, the whole question of increase in minimum wages was discussed, as I recall, in the last Economic Report that I submitted to the Congress. This administration does stand in favor of the adjustments, I believe I said then, at the proper time; and the proper time is certainly an expanding period in the economy. This matter has been under discussion; not ready to make a final announcement, but it is a matter that is under intensive study at the moment. Now, on this point of the right-to-work laws: I have heard it discussed ever since I have been in my present office, pro and con. Of course, labor unions are very much against it. But States, and many States even that don’t have them, are very much for them because they say this represents the inalienable and constitutional rights of a State to act in certain fields. So you have here, to my of hoists you on the horns of a mind, a matter that sort dilemma if you believe, as I do, very firmly in constitutional government. I am not particularly certain in my own mind just where the right does lay here. Of course, the Supreme Court has held under the Interstate Commerce provisions that the Federal Government has a right to operate in all these areas and should assume responsibility. But also there is the provision in the Constitution of the reservation of certain rights to the States. I myself couldn’t say that I have reached an irrevocable decision. It is one that has been argued in front of me. Until finally the revision of the Taft-Hartley Act is taken up seriously by Congress，and this thing exhaustively and completely argued out, I just don’t know exactly what my decision will be. But, in the meantime, I have upheld the right of Secretary Mitchell to express his own convictions, because he has always held them, and so notified me, even before I appointed him.
    艾森豪威爾：關(guān)于第一個(gè)問題，增加最 低報(bào)償?shù)膯栴}已經(jīng)討論了，我想想，這 是在我遞交國會(huì)的最近的一次經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)告 中討論的。政府在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)期支持進(jìn)行 這些調(diào)整，我想我當(dāng)時(shí)說了;合適的時(shí) 期當(dāng)然就是經(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)張的時(shí)期。已經(jīng)討論 了這件事;但是還沒有做最后的聲明， 此時(shí)我們正在緊急研究這件事。關(guān)于自 由工作權(quán)法這一點(diǎn)，我聽說自從我上任 就開始討論到底支持不支持了。當(dāng)然， 工會(huì)是很反對的。但是很多州還沒有這 個(gè)，他們是很支持的，因?yàn)樗麄冋f這代 表了各州在某些領(lǐng)域有不可剝奪的憲法權(quán)。所以，我想，這件事對目前的窘境 起了推波助瀾的作用，如果你和我一樣 堅(jiān)定相信立法機(jī)構(gòu)的話。我自己不太確定 所提出的權(quán)利。_當(dāng)然 最高法院在州與州之 間的商業(yè)法條款基礎(chǔ) 上認(rèn)為聯(lián)邦政府有權(quán) 在所有領(lǐng)域上執(zhí)行并 認(rèn)定責(zé)任。但是也有 條款認(rèn)定州政府有某 些憲法保留。我不能 說自己作了不可挽回 的決定。他們曾在我 面前爭論過這個(gè)問題。直到最近國會(huì)嚴(yán) 肅地提出了塔夫脫-哈特利法案，這件 事才被徹底捅了出來，我只是不知道我 會(huì)作什么決定。但同時(shí)，我支持部長米 歇爾表達(dá)自己看法的權(quán)利，因?yàn)樗恢?堅(jiān)持他的看法，甚至在我任命他之前他 就知會(huì)了我。
    Reporter: Sir, may I ask whether—the Secretary of Labor is your chief labor adviser，is he not?
    記者：先生，我想問一下勞動(dòng)部部長是 你的首席勞動(dòng)顧問嗎?
    Eisenhower: That is right; indeed, he is.
    艾森豪威爾：沒錯(cuò)，他確實(shí)是。
    Reporter: May I ask would it be
    記者：那我能問一下會(huì)——
    Eisenhower: But listen, I will make this no adviser who can take over from me the for making a decision for my own action the responsible one, no matter if I have advisers who are chief or even sole. I have finally to take the responsibility for my own actions.
    艾森豪威爾：但聽著，我得說清楚，沒 有一個(gè)顧問曾代替我決定我的最終行 動(dòng)。這是我的責(zé)任，不管我將來有沒有 首席顧問或是只有一個(gè)顧問。只有我有 責(zé)任作出最終決定。
    Reporter: James Reston, New York Times: As I understand it, sir，the North Atlantic Council in Paris this week is going to discuss the question of the atomic defense of Western Europe. Would you give us the benefit of your thinking as to who has the power of decision in the event of an attack, the power of decision of using atomic weapons in Western Europe?
    記者：我是《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的詹姆斯?賴 斯頓，據(jù)我所知，先生，巴黎的北大西 洋組織這周將討論西歐的原子能防御問 題。你能不能給我們講講你對襲擊事件 中誰有決定權(quán)這個(gè)問題有什么看法，誰 有權(quán)決定在西歐使用核武器?
    Eisenhower: As a matter of fact，you raised the very question that is under discussion this week; and I think it would be most unwise for me to give my own convictions publicly when my own representatives are engaged in the negotiations on this point. In certain areas and in certain fields, of course, our own right to act as we see fit is unquestioned. When you have allies，if you are going to treat them as partners, you have to take into consideration their beliefs, their convictions. If they differ from yours, there is often very good reasons for it; and, therefore, you have to negotiate it out and see where you come out. I will probably be ready to say a little bit more about this after this meeting is over; but, as it is now, I think that is about all I should say.
    艾森豪威爾：事實(shí)上你提出了這周的討 論問題，我想要是我公開發(fā)表自己的意 見是很不明智的，因?yàn)槲业拇泶藭r(shí)還 在進(jìn)行談判。在某些領(lǐng)域，當(dāng)然，我們 自己適當(dāng)行動(dòng)的權(quán)利是毋庸質(zhì)疑的。有 同盟國時(shí)，如果要把他們看做同伴，就 要把他們的看法和信仰列入考慮范圍。 如果我們利益相互，那往往也是有原因的，因此就必須進(jìn)行商榷，看看會(huì)有什 么結(jié)果。我很可能在會(huì)議結(jié)束后多說一 點(diǎn)看法，但是現(xiàn)在，我想只能說這么多 了。
    Reporter: Daniel Schorr, CBS News: Mr. President, it has been reported that the administration is planning a further cut of a hundred thousand—
    記者：總統(tǒng)先生我是有線電臺(tái)的丹尼 爾?肖爾，總統(tǒng)先生，據(jù)報(bào)道政府計(jì) 劃進(jìn)一步減少10萬——
    Eisenhower: To do what?
    艾森豪威爾：干什么?
    Reporter: 一a further cut of 100,000 in Army strength in the next fiscal year, and the withdrawal of the 1st Marine Division from the Far East. If that is so, could you explain the thinking behind it?
    記者：明年在軍事力量方面減少10萬 財(cái)政支出，從遠(yuǎn)東撤出第一海軍分隊(duì)。 如果是這樣，你能不能解釋一下這背后 的原因?
    Eisenhower: Where was this reported?
    艾森豪威爾：哪里看到的報(bào)道?
    Reporter: On CBS, sir. (Laughter)
    記者：有線電臺(tái)，先生。(笑聲)
    Eisenhower: Well, I guess I must accept that as authoritative. (Laughter) The only reason I am a little hesitant about giving you my thinking on this matter is that a full exposition would require probably more time than we should like to give to it. I can say this, and it is in an attempt to, you might say, almost epitomize my thinking: the United States，as a nation, never had any reason to be particularly fearful of direct attack upon itself until the advent of two things-one, the long-range bomber or a means of delivering weapons upon us; and, secondly, of very destructive weapons. This, then, points 一as I say, I am really cutting comers一this fact points to this one great need on our part: ways of blunting any attack against us，and ways of trying to deter it, preventing it from ever occurring. Here is where comes in the philosophy, you know, of retaliation, to make certain that no one can ever attack us and hope to gain by that kind of attack.
    艾森豪威爾：嗯，我想我必須把這個(gè)當(dāng) 作權(quán)威了。(笑聲)我在是否就這件事 上發(fā)表看法上有些猶豫的唯一的原因是 全面的戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)可能比我們原計(jì)劃的時(shí) 間要長。我這么說，你可能會(huì)試圖概括 說這是我的想法：美國，作為一個(gè)從來 沒有任何理由害怕別國直接襲擊自己的國家，除非有兩件事出現(xiàn)----，遠(yuǎn)程導(dǎo)彈或者是輸送武器的方式的出現(xiàn);第 二，就是大規(guī)模殺傷武器的出現(xiàn)。簡單 地說，這個(gè)事實(shí)指出了我們最大的需 求：阻攔對我們的襲擊方式，延遲襲擊 的方式以及防止襲擊出現(xiàn)的辦法。這就 是這一思想引發(fā)的問題，即反擊，從而 確保沒有人能襲擊我們，或希望從那種 襲擊中得到些什么。
    英語口語欄目推薦閱讀:
    教你避免十大口語誤區(qū)
    看看你能挑戰(zhàn)幾個(gè)英語繞口令
    美國留學(xué)：你需要掌握這些美國俚語