Test Eighteen
    主語從句中的虛擬語氣
    1)It is(was)+suggested+that+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。如：
    It is proposed that more selective courses be offered next year.
    It has been decided that a special committee be formed to supervise the work.
    2)It is(was)+形容詞+that+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。
    該句式中的形容詞一般包括：advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, important, imperative, necessary, impossible等。例如：
    It is important that the students take brief notes while listening to the lecture.
    It is essential that all the facts be examined first.
    近義詞辨析?
    obvious, apparent, evident, clear
    這組詞均含有“明顯的”的意思。
    obvious
    指被覺察的東西具有顯著特點(diǎn)，不需費(fèi)力就可覺察到，常用于一目了然的事物。
    apparent
    意為表面看起來很明顯，而實(shí)際情況未必如此。
    evident
    指有證據(jù)作出合理判斷，考慮到各種事實(shí)、條件后而顯得明顯。
    clear
    指不存在使人迷惑或使問題復(fù)雜化的因素。
    It was an obvious mistake for him to have gone alone.他獨(dú)自一人去，這是一個(gè)明顯的錯(cuò)誤。
    It was becoming increasingly apparent that he disliked me.他不喜歡我這一點(diǎn)變得越來越明顯。
    The applause made it evident that the play was a hit.掌聲明顯地表明這部劇引起了轟動(dòng)。
    The situation is clear to everyone.局勢(shì)大家都清楚。
    全真模擬試題
    1. Little is known of his childhood ?____? at a factory at the early age of ten.
    A. to begin to work B. beginning to work
    C. save that he began to work D. about that he worked
    2. There is a general understanding among the members of the Board of Directors that chief attention ?____?to the undertaking that is expected to bring highest profit.
    A. is given B. gives
    C. should be given D. must be given
    3. They did not find ?____? to prepare for the worst conditions they might meet.
    A. worth their while B. it worthwhile
    C. it worth D. it worthy
    4. Quarter horses can start more quickly, turn more sharply, and run faster over short courses ?____? breeds can.
    A. than the other B. other
    C. than other D. of all other
    5. Most insurance agents would rather you ?____? anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
    A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t
    6. “I’m surely dirty, ?____??”
    A. am I B. isn’t I C. aren’t I D. am not I
    7. ?____? illness, he retired.
    A. Thanks to B. According to
    C. Owing to D. For the sake of
    8. This car has many features including ?____?.
    A. stereo, safety devices, air condition, and it saves gas
    B. good music, safe devices, air conditioning,and gas
    C. stereo, safety devices, air conditioned and good gas
    D. stereo, safety devices, air conditioning, and low gas mileage
    9. Every boy and girl must have ?____? hair neatly combed.
    A. his B. her C. its D. their
    10. I wish you ?____? Jim so much. He is still very depressed.
    A. not to hurt B. didn’t hurt
    C. would not D. had not hurt
    11. Before the school ?____? what students must wear, they wore just about anything.
    A. managed B. authorized
    C. regulated D. standardized
    12. While the population of the United States includes a great variety ofracial and ethnic backgrounds, Japan’s population is ?____?.
    A. autonomous B. homogeneous
    C. ambitious D.anonymous
    13. The contents of the safety deposit box are ?____?being held by the police until the trial.
    A. theoretically B. temporarily
    C. rationally D. naturally
    14. ?____? of half?starving foxes were roaming the snow?covered mountain areas.
    A. Herds B. Packs C. Flocks D. Crowds
    15. The very idea of her winning the English competition is quite ?______?.
    A. strange B. absurd C. unlikely D. sensible
    16. The earnest student waited with some slight ?____?while the teacher was reading his composition.
    A. despair B. upset C. nervousness D. hatred
    17. The woman in the kitchen ?____? to the doctor that the water was hot.
    A. motioned B. mentioned C. meant D. motivated
    18. Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a ?____?American look at the Old World.
    A. distinctly B. distinctively C. distinct D. distinctive
    19. The audience disliked the film thoroughly and were ?____?by whistling and stamping their feet.
    A. protecting B. protesting C. projecting D. proposing
    20. In brief, it should be our goal to ?____? as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
    A.restore B. introduce C. suit D. supply
    21. We should ?____? with the difficulties we were confronted with.
    A. accord B. acquaint C. brood D. contend
    22. She is the person who likes to ?____? her knowledge.
    A. show up B. show in C. show off D. show round
    23. The discovery of gold can bring great ?____? to our country.
    A. property B. rich C. wealth D. sum
    24. I am ?____? that many readers are favorably impressed with your writings.
    A. confirmed B. confident C. indifferent D. confused
    25. His ?____? at the meeting yesterday hurt her a lot.
    A. conduct B. action C. behavior D. act
    試題答案與解析
    1. C)【句意】人們對(duì)他的童年了解得很少，只知道他早在10歲就在工廠里工作。
    【難點(diǎn)】此處save為介詞，相當(dāng)于except，但不太通俗，其后除接名詞或代詞外，也可接that 引導(dǎo)的從句。
    2. C)【句意】董事會(huì)的成員一致認(rèn)為主要的精力應(yīng)該放在為取得最高利潤(rùn)而做的努力上面。
    【難點(diǎn)】understanding 如同suggestion, motion, plan, idea, order等詞一樣，其后的同位語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞須用虛擬語氣，should加原形動(dòng)詞或直接用原形動(dòng)詞。
    3. B)【句意】他們發(fā)現(xiàn)為可能遇到的最差的條件做準(zhǔn)備是不值得的。
    【難點(diǎn)】在find it worthwhile to prepare …中，find之后是一個(gè)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是to prepare, worthwhile (值得花時(shí)間的)是賓語補(bǔ)足語。
    4. C)【句意】在短道上，四分之一英里賽馬比其它品種的馬起動(dòng)要快，轉(zhuǎn)彎要急，跑得也更快。
    【難點(diǎn)】than other breeds can 是一個(gè)比較狀語從句，與前邊的more quickly， more sharply， faster 等相呼應(yīng)。A)，D)本身是錯(cuò)的，B)無比較意思。
    5. B)【句意】多數(shù)保險(xiǎn)代理人寧愿你在他們調(diào)查了情況之后才提出申訴。
    【難點(diǎn)】would rather 后跟的從句用動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)，表示“寧愿別人…”，而C)和D)無實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，故B)是正確的。
    6. C)【句意】我身上很臟，是不是?
    【難點(diǎn)】“I am+表語”這一結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句是一固定結(jié)構(gòu)，即aren’t I。
    7. C)【句意】由于疾病，他退休了。
    【難點(diǎn)】owing to意為“由于，因?yàn)?rdquo;;thanks to意為“幸虧”;according to意為“根據(jù)”;for the sake of意為“為了…”。
    8. D)【句意】這輛小汽車有很多特點(diǎn)，包括音響、安全裝置、空調(diào)和低耗的油表。
    【難點(diǎn)】此題測(cè)試平行結(jié)構(gòu)。所謂平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是句子的并列成分在結(jié)構(gòu)上應(yīng)該一致或相同。A)中it saves gas 為句子。B)中盡管各成分在結(jié)構(gòu)上等同，但邏輯意義上不成立，gas指“汽油”，凡汽車皆有，不能構(gòu)成該車的特點(diǎn)。C)中各成分盡管結(jié)構(gòu)等同，但表示的意義并不指該車的特點(diǎn)。
    9. A) 【句意】每個(gè)男孩和女孩必須將自己的頭發(fā)梳得干凈，整齊。
    【難點(diǎn)】當(dāng)我們提到兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，一個(gè)是陽性，另一個(gè)是陰性，它們由and 相聯(lián)，并由each 或every所修飾時(shí)，其物主代詞應(yīng)為his。
    10. D)【句意】我但愿你沒有叫吉姆那么傷心，他現(xiàn)在仍然很沮喪。
    【難點(diǎn)】此題測(cè)試wish后虛擬語氣表示的不同含義;wish后面可跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，只有否定形式的過去虛擬語氣D)had not hurt 才符合題意。
    11. D)【句意】在學(xué)校統(tǒng)一學(xué)生著裝之前，學(xué)生們穿什么的都有。
    【難點(diǎn)】standardize 意為“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)格化”;manage意為“使用，運(yùn)用，操縱”;authorize意為“批準(zhǔn)，核定，準(zhǔn)許”;regulate意為“控制，制約;為制訂規(guī)章”。
    12. B)【句意】美國的人口有各種各樣的種族背景，而日本人口則是同一種族。
    【難點(diǎn)】homogenous 意為“同類的;同性質(zhì)的;同特征的”;autonomous 意為“自治的”;ambitious 意為“有野心的;有抱負(fù)的”;anonymous意為“無特色的，無個(gè)性特征的”。
    13. B)【句意】貴重物品保險(xiǎn)箱里的東西暫時(shí)由警方保管，審判時(shí)再打開。
    【難點(diǎn)】temporarily意為“暫時(shí)地，臨時(shí)地”;theoretically意為“理論上，表面上”;rationally意為“合理的，理性地”;naturally意為“生來;天然地”。
    14. B)【句意】一群群餓得半死的狐貍在冰雪覆蓋的山區(qū)游蕩。
    【難點(diǎn)】pack意為“(野獸，飛禽等)一群”;herd意為“牧群(尤指牛群)”;flock意為“畜群(尤指羊群)”;crowd主要指“人群”。
    15. B)【句意】她能夠得英語競(jìng)賽冠軍，真是荒唐。
    【難點(diǎn)】absurd意為“荒唐的，愚蠢的”;strange意為“古怪的，不可思議的”;unlikely意為“不大可能的”;sensible意為“合情合理的，切合實(shí)際的”。
    16. C)【句意】這位同學(xué)有點(diǎn)緊張地等待著，因?yàn)槔蠋熢谧x他的作文。
    【難點(diǎn)】nervousness 意為“緊張，不安”;despair 意為“絕望”;upset意為“心煩意亂，苦惱”;hatred意為“仇恨;敵意;憎惡”。
    17. A)【句意】廚房里的女人向大夫示意說水是熱的。
    【難點(diǎn)】motion意為“做手勢(shì)，點(diǎn)頭示意”，motion to sb to do sth 意為“示意某人做某事”;mention意為“提起，說起，談到”;mean意為“意味著”;motivate意為“使有動(dòng)機(jī)，使產(chǎn)生動(dòng)機(jī)”。
    18. A)【句意】?jī)赡旰螅袡C(jī)會(huì)用美國人的眼光看舊世界。
    【難點(diǎn)】distinctly意為“清楚地，明確地”，修飾形容詞American;distinct意為“有區(qū)別的，不同的，明確的”;distinctive意為“有區(qū)別的，特殊的”;distinctively意為“有區(qū)別地，特殊地”。
    19. B)【句意】觀眾用吹哨、跺腳的方式表示抗議。他們根本不喜歡這個(gè)電影。
    【難點(diǎn)】protest 意為“抗議，提出異議;反對(duì)”，后接against; protect意為“保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)”;project意為“計(jì)劃，規(guī)劃”; propose意為“提議，提出”。
    20. A)【句意】簡(jiǎn)言之，盡可能多地恢復(fù)大自然原有的美麗是我們的目標(biāo)。
    【難點(diǎn)】restore意為“恢復(fù)原狀;使復(fù)原”;introduce意為“介紹;引進(jìn)，引導(dǎo)”;suit意為“適合;與相稱”;supply意為“供給;滿足”。
    21. D)【句意】我們應(yīng)該與我們面臨的困難進(jìn)行斗爭(zhēng)。
    【難點(diǎn)】contend意為“搏斗，爭(zhēng)斗”;accord意為“相符合，相和諧”;acquaint意為“使認(rèn)識(shí)，介紹相識(shí)”; brood意為“(不高興地)想;沉思，考慮”，后常接over。
    22. C)【句意】她是那種喜歡炫耀自己知識(shí)的人。
    【難點(diǎn)】show off意為“炫耀，賣弄，表現(xiàn)自己”;show up意為“使顯而易見，變得突出”;show in 意為“引(客人)入內(nèi)，鄰…入里面”;show round意為“帶領(lǐng)…參觀某地”。
    23. C)【句意】黃金的發(fā)現(xiàn)給我們的國家?guī)砭薮筘?cái)富。
    【難點(diǎn)】wealth 意為“財(cái)富，財(cái)產(chǎn)”;property意為“財(cái)產(chǎn)，不動(dòng)產(chǎn)”;rich是形容詞，不適合本句;sum意為“金額;一筆錢”。
    24. B)【句意】我相信，許多讀者對(duì)你的作品印象非常好。
    【難點(diǎn)】confident意為“確信，對(duì)…有信心”，后接that 從句，confirm是動(dòng)詞，不合本句;indifferent 意為“漠不關(guān)心的”;confused意為“被搞糊涂的”。
    25. C)【句意】昨天會(huì)議上他的行為叫她十分傷心。
    【難點(diǎn)】behavior 意為“行動(dòng)，表現(xiàn)，舉止”;conduct意為“品行(道德方面)行為”;action意為“行動(dòng)”，側(cè)重動(dòng)作; act意為“舉動(dòng)，(一次性)行為，舉動(dòng)”。