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高三英語知識點綜合訓(xùn)練1
Book 1 Unit 1---3
重點詞匯與短語:
1. hunt for 搜索, 追尋
2. care about 擔(dān)心, 關(guān)心
3. such as 例如
4. drop sb. a line 給某人寫信
5. be fond of 喜歡
6. in order to 為了
7. all the time 一直
8. argue with sb. about sth. 同某人爭論某事
9. all alone 獨自
10. develop a friendship with sb. 和某人建立友誼
11. even though 即使, 盡管
12. treat …as 把…當(dāng)作
13. surf the Internet 上網(wǎng)沖浪
14. on a flight 在飛行中
15. too much太多
16. should have done 本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事
17. be into sth./ doing sth. 喜歡
18. be quick in/ at 在某方面敏捷
19. make oneself at home 別客氣
20. in total 總共
21. except for 除了…之外
22. stay up 熬夜
23. come about 發(fā)生
24. end up with以…告終
25. bring in 引進,引來
26. a great many 許多
27. all the way 一路上,從頭至尾
28. communicate with 與…交流
29. have a good knowledge of 了解,掌握
30. with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
31. compare… with… 把…和…進行比較
32. share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦
33. It be + 被強調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分
34. stay the same 保持不變
35. more or less 或多或少
36. consider doing/sb. to do/ sb,. (to be)
37. get away from 逃離
38. watch out 注意,當(dāng)心
39. instead of 代替
40. go off 離開
41. protect from 保護,保衛(wèi)
42. for fun 好玩
知識點歸納:
1.argue (vi.﹠vt.): express an opposite opinion;exchange angry words;quarrel 爭論,爭辯
常用于以下句型:
argue with sb. about/ over sth 同某人爭論某事
argue that…用辯論證明
argue sb. to be 表明,證明
argue for/ against 為/為反對 …而辯論
例句:
⑴The couple next door are always arguing.
隔壁的夫婦總是爭吵
⑵We argued with each other about the justice of the war.
我們就這場戰(zhàn)爭是否正當(dāng)展開了爭論
⑶Mr.Smith argued that he should be paid more.
史密斯先生據(jù)理力爭他應(yīng)得到更多的工薪
⑷The way he spends money argues him to be rich.
他花錢的方式說明他很富有
⑸His accent argues him to be a southerner.
他的口音表明他是個南方人
⑹He argues that the experiment could be done in another way.
他論證說這項實驗可以換一種方法進行
⑺The workers argued for the right to strike.
工人們?yōu)闋幦×T工的權(quán)利而辯論
* argument (n.) 爭論,論據(jù),論點
⑴They got into quite a heated argument.
他們的爭論達到了白熱化。
⑵We couldn't follow his argument.
我們不理解他的論點。
2.too much 具有形容詞、副詞和代詞的功能,在句中可作定語、表語、狀語、主語或賓語,表示"太多(的)、過分(的)、好極(的)"意思
⑴But too much snow can cause trouble.
但是雪太大可能引起麻煩(too much為形容詞,作定語)
⑵She is afraid the trip will be too much for me.
她認(rèn)為這次旅行對我來說強人所難(too much為形容詞,作表語)
⑶She does not talk too much.
她談得不太多(too much為副詞,作狀語)
⑷Too much has been said about it.
關(guān)于這事講得太多了(too much為代詞,作主語)
辨析:much too "太…",中心詞是副詞too,用來修飾形容詞和副詞,在句中作狀語
⑴These shoes are much too narrow for me.
這雙鞋我穿實在太窄了
⑵You are much too thin to play the part of Falstaff.
你太瘦了,不能演福爾塔夫這個角色
高考題例:
Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _____ to carry all the way home.(NMET2003)
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
分析:
heavy為形容詞,故應(yīng)用much too修飾
答案:A
3. in order to do sth.
so as to do sth
to do sth
它們都可作目的狀語,其區(qū)別如下:
* 這三種不定式作目的狀語,在意義上并無多大差別,相比而言,to do 比較普遍,后兩種在語氣上稍重些,而so as to do 比較口語化,in order to do則比較正式
* 為了加強語勢,突出目的,可將to do 或in order to do放在句首。
注:so as to do 不能放在全句的前面,它只能后置
⑴China is paying more and more attention to education in order to/so as to/to catch up with advanced countries in science and technology.
中國對教育越來越重視,為的是科技上趕上發(fā)達國家
⑵In order to find the book, he searched the whole house.
為了找到那本書,他翻遍了整個房子
⑶To hear better, we'll sit in the front row.
為了聽得更清楚,我們要坐在前排
* to do, in order to do 和so as to do 三種不定式作目的狀語時, 一般句子的主語就是不定式的邏輯主語, 但如果不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語,常用for引出:
eg.
I stopped aside for her to get in.
我停下來向旁邊靠了靠,讓她進來
* 不定式作目的狀語表達否定的目的時,一般采用so as not to或in order not to 這兩種句式。如:
⑴We took a taxi so as not to be late.
我們是搭出租車去的,以免遲到
⑵He worked slowly in order not to make any mistake.
他工作干的很慢,目的是不出錯
⑶I got up early so as not to miss the first train.
我大清早起床,目的是不誤第一班火車
4. treat vt. 對待,治療,款待
常用于以下句型:
treat…as… 把…看作
treat sb. to sth. 用…款待某人
treat sb. for… 給某人治…病
eg.
⑴Don't treat me as a child.
不要把我當(dāng)成小孩看待
⑵Why do you treat the matter as a joke?
你為什么把這件事當(dāng)作兒戲
⑶Peter treated me to an ice-cream.
彼得請我吃了冰激凌
⑷The doctors and the nurses risked their lives treating the patient for SARS.
醫(yī)生和護士冒著生命危險為患者治療非典
* 以下句型也常用來表示"把…當(dāng)作":
look on/ upon …as…
have…as…
think of…as/ to be…
consider …as/ to be…
regard… as…
eg.
⑴They look on others' difficulties as their own.
他們把別人的困難當(dāng)成自己的困難
⑵She thinks of the monitor as the cleverest student in the class.
她認(rèn)為班長是班上最聰明的學(xué)生
⑶He always has her as his real mother.
他一直把她當(dāng)作自己的母親
⑷Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest American President.
亞伯拉罕林肯被認(rèn)為是美國最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一
⑸All the patients regard him as a good doctor.
所有的病人都認(rèn)為他是一名出色的醫(yī)生
高考題例:
More patients___ in hospital this year than last year.(2004江蘇高考)
A. treated
B. have treated
C. had been treated
D. have been treated
分析:
根據(jù)句意, "treat"的意思是 "治療",而且是發(fā)生在今年,故用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動式
答案: D
5. share vt. ﹠ vi. 分享,共用,等分
share (in) sth. with sb.
⑴The children shared the cake equally.
孩子們平分了蛋糕
⑵Ten teachers shared the office.
十名教師合用這間辦公室
⑶They would share their joys and sorrows.
他們愿意同甘共苦
⑷Will you share your umbrella with me?
你能讓我和你共用雨傘嗎?
⑸I'll share in the cost with you.
我愿意和你分擔(dān)費用
* share n. 份額,股份,一份
⑴If you want a share of the pay, you'll have do your share of the work.
如果你想要一份報酬,就必須做一份工作
⑵The company was formed with 1,000 shares.
這家公司組成時有1000股
⑶Here is your share of the cake.
這是你的一份蛋糕
高考題例:
Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare----you must learn to _____.(NMET2000)
A. support
B. care
C. spare
D. share
分析:
"as well"是"也"的意思,據(jù)題意,是讓 "Clare"和"Harry"兩個人一起玩玩具,"share"有分享、共用的意思。
答案: D
6. So +be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 "…也如此"(用于肯定句)
Neither/Nor + be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 " …也不" (用于否定句)
⑴I'm a teacher, and so is my husband.
我是個教師,我丈夫也是
⑵He has finished his homework, and so have I.
他完成了作業(yè),我也完成。
⑶If you go to school early tomorrow, so shall I.
如果明天你早上學(xué),我也早去
* so/neither/nor引導(dǎo)的此類倒裝句,放在主語前面的助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be應(yīng)與前一句保持一致(人稱和數(shù)上作適當(dāng)調(diào)整)。如:例⑴am---is;例⑵has---have;例⑶前一部分為if引導(dǎo)的條件句,用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,故主句使用表示將來的will/ shall。
*如果前一部分內(nèi)容中沒有出現(xiàn)助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be,則應(yīng)借助于助動詞do/does/did。如:
①You love music, and so do I.
你熱愛音樂,我也一樣
②…He seldom drinks tea. 他很少喝茶
…Nor does she. 她也是
* 句子中如果用否定的派生詞,后句使用so。如:
①…I dislike coffee.我不喜歡咖啡
…So does she. 她也不喜歡
②…She is unmarried.她是獨身
…So am I. 我也是獨身
* 如果表示前面兩件或兩件以上的事也適合于另一人或物時,則需要用So it is/was with…或It is/was the same with…,如:
①Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So it was with Jane.
瑪麗在澳大利亞出生,在美國居住。簡也是。
②…I like English but I can't study well.我喜歡英語但學(xué)不好。
…So it is with my brother. 我弟弟也是。
(以上兩例皆可用It is/was the same with…結(jié)構(gòu)
* 如果下文表示的是對上文的贊成或肯定,則僅需要把so 放于句首,其后用正常語序。如:
①…She has done a good job. 她干得不錯
…Yes, so she has. 是的,的確不錯
②…He came to school late yesterday.他昨天上學(xué)遲到了。
…So he did. 他的確遲到了
③…It is very hot today. 今天天氣真熱
…So it is. 是啊,的確很熱
高考題例:
…David has made great progress recently.
…_______, and ______. (1997上海高考)
A. So he has,so you have
B. So he has,so have you
C. So has he,so have you
D. So has he,so you have
分析:
此題前一空考查的是對上文的肯定;第二個空考查同樣的情況也適合你。
答案:B
7. survive v. 繼續(xù)生存或存在;比…長命;經(jīng)歷(某事);幸存
⑴Of the four people in the car accident, only one survived.
在車禍中的四個人中,只有一個人幸存
⑵Many customs have survived from earlier times.
許多風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣源源流長
⑶Life is hard at the moment, but we're surviving.
目前生活艱難,但我們正在掙扎求生
⑷The old lady has survived her husband.
那老婦人的丈夫先她而去世了
⑸He felt lucky to have survived the war.
經(jīng)歷那場戰(zhàn)爭后能幸存下來他感到很幸運
* survivor 為名詞,意為"幸存者"
如:
The film Titanic is based on an experience of a survivor.
電影《泰坦尼克號》是根據(jù)一個幸存者的經(jīng)歷而攝制的
高考題例:
In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they _____. (2001上海高考)
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survive
D. will survive
分析:
be to do表示將來注定要發(fā)生。在條件狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來,故C、D都不能選。
8. lie vi.
lie lay lain lying 平躺,位于
lie lied lied lying 撒謊
lay laid laid laying 產(chǎn)下,放置
⑴The corpse lay face down in a pool of blood.
尸體俯臥在血泊中。
⑵The letter lay open on his desk.
那信攤開在他的書桌上
⑶The hen laid two eggs.
母雞產(chǎn)下兩個雞蛋
⑷Korea lies to the east of China.
朝鮮位于中國的東部
⑸I laid the book on the chair.
我把書放在椅子上
⑹There is a dog lying at his master's feet.
主人的腳旁邊臥著條狗
⑺She lied to me two days ago.
兩天前,她向我撒了謊
* 習(xí)語:lie to sb.向某人撒謊
lie in one's teeth/ throat 睜著眼睛說瞎話,扯彌天大謊
lie one's way into/ out of sth 撒謊以求一逞或擺脫困境
9. It be + 被強調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分
強調(diào)句型可以強調(diào)一個句子的主語、賓語、表語及狀語等成分。如果被強調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞,可以用that或who(whom)連接其他成分;被強調(diào)的成分是表示人以外的詞,例如表示事物、時間或地點的詞,用that連接其他成分。例如我們可以用強調(diào)句型強調(diào)下列句子的主語(如⑴)、賓語(如⑵)、地點狀語(如⑶)及時間狀語(如⑷)
I met Peter in Japan last year.
⑴ It was I who/that met Peter in Japan last year.
⑵ It was Peter whom/that I met in Japan last year.
⑶ It was in Japan that I met Peter last year.
⑷ It was last year that I met Peter in Japan.
* not …until 也可用于強調(diào)句型
例1
Mr. Brown didn't come back until eleven o'clock.
可變?yōu)?It was not until eleven o'clock that Mr. Brown came back.
例2
The rain didn't stop until midnight.
可變?yōu)?It was not until midnight that the rain stopped.
* not …until 也可變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧?BR> 例1
It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded.
可變?yōu)?When was it that the PRC was founded?
例2
Your dad worked in this factory two years ago.
可變?yōu)?Where was it that your dad worked two years ago?
10. have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難
其中的(in) doing sth.不可改為to do sth.;其中的difficulty 是不可數(shù)名詞, 前面可以用some/ no/ little/ much等詞修飾.
Eg.
⑴We had no difficulty in finding the hospital.
我們毫不費勁地找到了這所醫(yī)院.
⑵Did you have any difficulty in carrying the plan?
你們執(zhí)行計劃有苦難嗎
⑶She has little difficulty in learning maths.
她學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)幾乎沒什么困難
⑷I had much difficulty in talking with the foreigner.
我用英語同老外交談很費勁
還可用下列句型表達 "做某事有困難":
have trouble (in) doing sth.
There be difficulty in doing sth.
do sth. with/ without difficulty
⑴There is some difficulty in teaching pupils Japanese.
教小學(xué)生日語有困難
⑵He had a little difficulty in solving the problem.
解決這個問題,他有一點困難
⑶Tom climbed the tree without difficulty.
湯姆毫不費勁地爬上了樹
注:
當(dāng)difficulty指籠統(tǒng)概念時,即"困難、費力"為不可數(shù)名詞(如以上例句),當(dāng)它指具體的"難事、困難"時用作可數(shù)名詞。如:
We'll meet with all kinds of difficulties.
我們會遇到各種困難
11. bring in: introduce, harvest, get money or income引進,收獲
⑴Country music has become big business. It brings in 300 million dollars a year.
鄉(xiāng)村音樂發(fā)展成為一項商業(yè),每年盈利3億美元。
⑵They have brought in experts to advise on the project.
他們已請來專家當(dāng)這項工程的顧問
⑶Farmers in the south have brought in good crops this year.
南方的農(nóng)民今年收獲了莊稼
⑷Don't bring him in. He'll do nothing to help.
別把他扯進來,他幫不上什么忙
⑸They brought in some words from their own languages.
他們把自己語言中的一些詞語帶了進來
其他相關(guān)短語:
bring sth. about使(某事)發(fā)生
bring sth. down 降低或減少…,使…(從空中)落下
bring sth. up 培養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)育某人,嘔吐
bring …and …together 促使(爭執(zhí)雙方)和解
bring out生產(chǎn)出,出版
⑴The Liberals wish to bring about changes in the electoral system..
自用黨人想要改變選舉制度
⑵The prices have been brought.
價格已經(jīng)下降了
⑶Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
她小時侯父母就去世了,是由她姑姑養(yǎng)大的
⑷An enemy fighter was brought down.
一架敵機被擊落了
⑸The loss of their son brought the parents together.
雙方因失去兒子而言歸于好
⑹He brought out his lunch just now.
他剛剛把吃進去的午飯吐出來了
⑺New personal computers are brought out almost daily.
幾乎每天都有個人計算機推出
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《高中英語語法-高三英語知識點綜合訓(xùn)練1》由英語編輯整理,更多請訪問:https://www.liuxue86.com/english/
高三英語知識點綜合訓(xùn)練1
Book 1 Unit 1---3
重點詞匯與短語:
1. hunt for 搜索, 追尋
2. care about 擔(dān)心, 關(guān)心
3. such as 例如
4. drop sb. a line 給某人寫信
5. be fond of 喜歡
6. in order to 為了
7. all the time 一直
8. argue with sb. about sth. 同某人爭論某事
9. all alone 獨自
10. develop a friendship with sb. 和某人建立友誼
11. even though 即使, 盡管
12. treat …as 把…當(dāng)作
13. surf the Internet 上網(wǎng)沖浪
14. on a flight 在飛行中
15. too much太多
16. should have done 本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事
17. be into sth./ doing sth. 喜歡
18. be quick in/ at 在某方面敏捷
19. make oneself at home 別客氣
20. in total 總共
21. except for 除了…之外
22. stay up 熬夜
23. come about 發(fā)生
24. end up with以…告終
25. bring in 引進,引來
26. a great many 許多
27. all the way 一路上,從頭至尾
28. communicate with 與…交流
29. have a good knowledge of 了解,掌握
30. with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
31. compare… with… 把…和…進行比較
32. share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦
33. It be + 被強調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分
34. stay the same 保持不變
35. more or less 或多或少
36. consider doing/sb. to do/ sb,. (to be)
37. get away from 逃離
38. watch out 注意,當(dāng)心
39. instead of 代替
40. go off 離開
41. protect from 保護,保衛(wèi)
42. for fun 好玩
知識點歸納:
1.argue (vi.﹠vt.): express an opposite opinion;exchange angry words;quarrel 爭論,爭辯
常用于以下句型:
argue with sb. about/ over sth 同某人爭論某事
argue that…用辯論證明
argue sb. to be 表明,證明
argue for/ against 為/為反對 …而辯論
例句:
⑴The couple next door are always arguing.
隔壁的夫婦總是爭吵
⑵We argued with each other about the justice of the war.
我們就這場戰(zhàn)爭是否正當(dāng)展開了爭論
⑶Mr.Smith argued that he should be paid more.
史密斯先生據(jù)理力爭他應(yīng)得到更多的工薪
⑷The way he spends money argues him to be rich.
他花錢的方式說明他很富有
⑸His accent argues him to be a southerner.
他的口音表明他是個南方人
⑹He argues that the experiment could be done in another way.
他論證說這項實驗可以換一種方法進行
⑺The workers argued for the right to strike.
工人們?yōu)闋幦×T工的權(quán)利而辯論
* argument (n.) 爭論,論據(jù),論點
⑴They got into quite a heated argument.
他們的爭論達到了白熱化。
⑵We couldn't follow his argument.
我們不理解他的論點。
2.too much 具有形容詞、副詞和代詞的功能,在句中可作定語、表語、狀語、主語或賓語,表示"太多(的)、過分(的)、好極(的)"意思
⑴But too much snow can cause trouble.
但是雪太大可能引起麻煩(too much為形容詞,作定語)
⑵She is afraid the trip will be too much for me.
她認(rèn)為這次旅行對我來說強人所難(too much為形容詞,作表語)
⑶She does not talk too much.
她談得不太多(too much為副詞,作狀語)
⑷Too much has been said about it.
關(guān)于這事講得太多了(too much為代詞,作主語)
辨析:much too "太…",中心詞是副詞too,用來修飾形容詞和副詞,在句中作狀語
⑴These shoes are much too narrow for me.
這雙鞋我穿實在太窄了
⑵You are much too thin to play the part of Falstaff.
你太瘦了,不能演福爾塔夫這個角色
高考題例:
Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _____ to carry all the way home.(NMET2003)
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
分析:
heavy為形容詞,故應(yīng)用much too修飾
答案:A
3. in order to do sth.
so as to do sth
to do sth
它們都可作目的狀語,其區(qū)別如下:
* 這三種不定式作目的狀語,在意義上并無多大差別,相比而言,to do 比較普遍,后兩種在語氣上稍重些,而so as to do 比較口語化,in order to do則比較正式
* 為了加強語勢,突出目的,可將to do 或in order to do放在句首。
注:so as to do 不能放在全句的前面,它只能后置
⑴China is paying more and more attention to education in order to/so as to/to catch up with advanced countries in science and technology.
中國對教育越來越重視,為的是科技上趕上發(fā)達國家
⑵In order to find the book, he searched the whole house.
為了找到那本書,他翻遍了整個房子
⑶To hear better, we'll sit in the front row.
為了聽得更清楚,我們要坐在前排
* to do, in order to do 和so as to do 三種不定式作目的狀語時, 一般句子的主語就是不定式的邏輯主語, 但如果不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語,常用for引出:
eg.
I stopped aside for her to get in.
我停下來向旁邊靠了靠,讓她進來
* 不定式作目的狀語表達否定的目的時,一般采用so as not to或in order not to 這兩種句式。如:
⑴We took a taxi so as not to be late.
我們是搭出租車去的,以免遲到
⑵He worked slowly in order not to make any mistake.
他工作干的很慢,目的是不出錯
⑶I got up early so as not to miss the first train.
我大清早起床,目的是不誤第一班火車
4. treat vt. 對待,治療,款待
常用于以下句型:
treat…as… 把…看作
treat sb. to sth. 用…款待某人
treat sb. for… 給某人治…病
eg.
⑴Don't treat me as a child.
不要把我當(dāng)成小孩看待
⑵Why do you treat the matter as a joke?
你為什么把這件事當(dāng)作兒戲
⑶Peter treated me to an ice-cream.
彼得請我吃了冰激凌
⑷The doctors and the nurses risked their lives treating the patient for SARS.
醫(yī)生和護士冒著生命危險為患者治療非典
* 以下句型也常用來表示"把…當(dāng)作":
look on/ upon …as…
have…as…
think of…as/ to be…
consider …as/ to be…
regard… as…
eg.
⑴They look on others' difficulties as their own.
他們把別人的困難當(dāng)成自己的困難
⑵She thinks of the monitor as the cleverest student in the class.
她認(rèn)為班長是班上最聰明的學(xué)生
⑶He always has her as his real mother.
他一直把她當(dāng)作自己的母親
⑷Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest American President.
亞伯拉罕林肯被認(rèn)為是美國最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一
⑸All the patients regard him as a good doctor.
所有的病人都認(rèn)為他是一名出色的醫(yī)生
高考題例:
More patients___ in hospital this year than last year.(2004江蘇高考)
A. treated
B. have treated
C. had been treated
D. have been treated
分析:
根據(jù)句意, "treat"的意思是 "治療",而且是發(fā)生在今年,故用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動式
答案: D
5. share vt. ﹠ vi. 分享,共用,等分
share (in) sth. with sb.
⑴The children shared the cake equally.
孩子們平分了蛋糕
⑵Ten teachers shared the office.
十名教師合用這間辦公室
⑶They would share their joys and sorrows.
他們愿意同甘共苦
⑷Will you share your umbrella with me?
你能讓我和你共用雨傘嗎?
⑸I'll share in the cost with you.
我愿意和你分擔(dān)費用
* share n. 份額,股份,一份
⑴If you want a share of the pay, you'll have do your share of the work.
如果你想要一份報酬,就必須做一份工作
⑵The company was formed with 1,000 shares.
這家公司組成時有1000股
⑶Here is your share of the cake.
這是你的一份蛋糕
高考題例:
Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare----you must learn to _____.(NMET2000)
A. support
B. care
C. spare
D. share
分析:
"as well"是"也"的意思,據(jù)題意,是讓 "Clare"和"Harry"兩個人一起玩玩具,"share"有分享、共用的意思。
答案: D
6. So +be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 "…也如此"(用于肯定句)
Neither/Nor + be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 " …也不" (用于否定句)
⑴I'm a teacher, and so is my husband.
我是個教師,我丈夫也是
⑵He has finished his homework, and so have I.
他完成了作業(yè),我也完成。
⑶If you go to school early tomorrow, so shall I.
如果明天你早上學(xué),我也早去
* so/neither/nor引導(dǎo)的此類倒裝句,放在主語前面的助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be應(yīng)與前一句保持一致(人稱和數(shù)上作適當(dāng)調(diào)整)。如:例⑴am---is;例⑵has---have;例⑶前一部分為if引導(dǎo)的條件句,用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,故主句使用表示將來的will/ shall。
*如果前一部分內(nèi)容中沒有出現(xiàn)助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be,則應(yīng)借助于助動詞do/does/did。如:
①You love music, and so do I.
你熱愛音樂,我也一樣
②…He seldom drinks tea. 他很少喝茶
…Nor does she. 她也是
* 句子中如果用否定的派生詞,后句使用so。如:
①…I dislike coffee.我不喜歡咖啡
…So does she. 她也不喜歡
②…She is unmarried.她是獨身
…So am I. 我也是獨身
* 如果表示前面兩件或兩件以上的事也適合于另一人或物時,則需要用So it is/was with…或It is/was the same with…,如:
①Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So it was with Jane.
瑪麗在澳大利亞出生,在美國居住。簡也是。
②…I like English but I can't study well.我喜歡英語但學(xué)不好。
…So it is with my brother. 我弟弟也是。
(以上兩例皆可用It is/was the same with…結(jié)構(gòu)
* 如果下文表示的是對上文的贊成或肯定,則僅需要把so 放于句首,其后用正常語序。如:
①…She has done a good job. 她干得不錯
…Yes, so she has. 是的,的確不錯
②…He came to school late yesterday.他昨天上學(xué)遲到了。
…So he did. 他的確遲到了
③…It is very hot today. 今天天氣真熱
…So it is. 是啊,的確很熱
高考題例:
…David has made great progress recently.
…_______, and ______. (1997上海高考)
A. So he has,so you have
B. So he has,so have you
C. So has he,so have you
D. So has he,so you have
分析:
此題前一空考查的是對上文的肯定;第二個空考查同樣的情況也適合你。
答案:B
7. survive v. 繼續(xù)生存或存在;比…長命;經(jīng)歷(某事);幸存
⑴Of the four people in the car accident, only one survived.
在車禍中的四個人中,只有一個人幸存
⑵Many customs have survived from earlier times.
許多風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣源源流長
⑶Life is hard at the moment, but we're surviving.
目前生活艱難,但我們正在掙扎求生
⑷The old lady has survived her husband.
那老婦人的丈夫先她而去世了
⑸He felt lucky to have survived the war.
經(jīng)歷那場戰(zhàn)爭后能幸存下來他感到很幸運
* survivor 為名詞,意為"幸存者"
如:
The film Titanic is based on an experience of a survivor.
電影《泰坦尼克號》是根據(jù)一個幸存者的經(jīng)歷而攝制的
高考題例:
In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they _____. (2001上海高考)
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survive
D. will survive
分析:
be to do表示將來注定要發(fā)生。在條件狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來,故C、D都不能選。
8. lie vi.
lie lay lain lying 平躺,位于
lie lied lied lying 撒謊
lay laid laid laying 產(chǎn)下,放置
⑴The corpse lay face down in a pool of blood.
尸體俯臥在血泊中。
⑵The letter lay open on his desk.
那信攤開在他的書桌上
⑶The hen laid two eggs.
母雞產(chǎn)下兩個雞蛋
⑷Korea lies to the east of China.
朝鮮位于中國的東部
⑸I laid the book on the chair.
我把書放在椅子上
⑹There is a dog lying at his master's feet.
主人的腳旁邊臥著條狗
⑺She lied to me two days ago.
兩天前,她向我撒了謊
* 習(xí)語:lie to sb.向某人撒謊
lie in one's teeth/ throat 睜著眼睛說瞎話,扯彌天大謊
lie one's way into/ out of sth 撒謊以求一逞或擺脫困境
9. It be + 被強調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分
強調(diào)句型可以強調(diào)一個句子的主語、賓語、表語及狀語等成分。如果被強調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞,可以用that或who(whom)連接其他成分;被強調(diào)的成分是表示人以外的詞,例如表示事物、時間或地點的詞,用that連接其他成分。例如我們可以用強調(diào)句型強調(diào)下列句子的主語(如⑴)、賓語(如⑵)、地點狀語(如⑶)及時間狀語(如⑷)
I met Peter in Japan last year.
⑴ It was I who/that met Peter in Japan last year.
⑵ It was Peter whom/that I met in Japan last year.
⑶ It was in Japan that I met Peter last year.
⑷ It was last year that I met Peter in Japan.
* not …until 也可用于強調(diào)句型
例1
Mr. Brown didn't come back until eleven o'clock.
可變?yōu)?It was not until eleven o'clock that Mr. Brown came back.
例2
The rain didn't stop until midnight.
可變?yōu)?It was not until midnight that the rain stopped.
* not …until 也可變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧?BR> 例1
It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded.
可變?yōu)?When was it that the PRC was founded?
例2
Your dad worked in this factory two years ago.
可變?yōu)?Where was it that your dad worked two years ago?
10. have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難
其中的(in) doing sth.不可改為to do sth.;其中的difficulty 是不可數(shù)名詞, 前面可以用some/ no/ little/ much等詞修飾.
Eg.
⑴We had no difficulty in finding the hospital.
我們毫不費勁地找到了這所醫(yī)院.
⑵Did you have any difficulty in carrying the plan?
你們執(zhí)行計劃有苦難嗎
⑶She has little difficulty in learning maths.
她學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)幾乎沒什么困難
⑷I had much difficulty in talking with the foreigner.
我用英語同老外交談很費勁
還可用下列句型表達 "做某事有困難":
have trouble (in) doing sth.
There be difficulty in doing sth.
do sth. with/ without difficulty
⑴There is some difficulty in teaching pupils Japanese.
教小學(xué)生日語有困難
⑵He had a little difficulty in solving the problem.
解決這個問題,他有一點困難
⑶Tom climbed the tree without difficulty.
湯姆毫不費勁地爬上了樹
注:
當(dāng)difficulty指籠統(tǒng)概念時,即"困難、費力"為不可數(shù)名詞(如以上例句),當(dāng)它指具體的"難事、困難"時用作可數(shù)名詞。如:
We'll meet with all kinds of difficulties.
我們會遇到各種困難
11. bring in: introduce, harvest, get money or income引進,收獲
⑴Country music has become big business. It brings in 300 million dollars a year.
鄉(xiāng)村音樂發(fā)展成為一項商業(yè),每年盈利3億美元。
⑵They have brought in experts to advise on the project.
他們已請來專家當(dāng)這項工程的顧問
⑶Farmers in the south have brought in good crops this year.
南方的農(nóng)民今年收獲了莊稼
⑷Don't bring him in. He'll do nothing to help.
別把他扯進來,他幫不上什么忙
⑸They brought in some words from their own languages.
他們把自己語言中的一些詞語帶了進來
其他相關(guān)短語:
bring sth. about使(某事)發(fā)生
bring sth. down 降低或減少…,使…(從空中)落下
bring sth. up 培養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)育某人,嘔吐
bring …and …together 促使(爭執(zhí)雙方)和解
bring out生產(chǎn)出,出版
⑴The Liberals wish to bring about changes in the electoral system..
自用黨人想要改變選舉制度
⑵The prices have been brought.
價格已經(jīng)下降了
⑶Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
她小時侯父母就去世了,是由她姑姑養(yǎng)大的
⑷An enemy fighter was brought down.
一架敵機被擊落了
⑸The loss of their son brought the parents together.
雙方因失去兒子而言歸于好
⑹He brought out his lunch just now.
他剛剛把吃進去的午飯吐出來了
⑺New personal computers are brought out almost daily.
幾乎每天都有個人計算機推出
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