托福聽力一直是不少人的難點，那么托福聽力考試的速記指南有哪些內容呢?想必是不少出國人士感興趣的話題，和出國留學網托福欄目一起來了解托福聽力考試速記指南，歡迎閱讀。
    　　托福聽力考試速記指南
    　　跨學科備考
    　　從考生角度來說，其實也可以換種角度來反思，也就是在托福備考中，是否也可以運用一下跨學科備考，想必是可以的。在托福聽力的備考中，同時也可以思考一下聽力和其他學科之間的關系。
    　　在托福聽力中，經常會考得到實驗研究的內容，小細節(jié)可能是考到實驗研究的結果，也有可能考到老師對于實驗研究的態(tài)度等等，當然，也有部分情況下是考查實驗研究的過程。結合這部分的內容，考生可以再審視一下口語第六題。
    　　我們來看一個真題，TPO25口語task6的聽力材料內容
    　　Rocks near the Earth’s surface are directly exposed to elements in the environment such as air and water, and also to conditions such as temperature change as well as to living organism. And this exposure to the environment can actually cause even huge rocks to break into smaller pieces. This process is called weathering. Let’s talk about a couple ways weathering occurs.
    　　First of all, rocks are often exposed to water. In cold wet environments rocks can break due to water freezing inside of them. How does this happen? Well, as I am sure you know, when water freezes it expands and over time this can lead to weathering.
    　　Um, imagine a rock with a small opening or crack in it. It rains and water gets into the crack and stays there. Then, at night, the temperature drops and water inside the crack freezes. This growing, expanding ice pushes outward on either side of the crack causing it to get slightly bigger. When this happens again and again, the crack becomes larger and eventually pieces of the rock break off.
    　　OK, weathering can also be caused by plants, by a plant growth. If a plant seed gets blown into the crack of a rock, it may take root. And its root will grow down into the rock. The plant’s roots can cause the rock to break down, uh, fracture. You may have seen this with large trees growing on top of a rock, a great example of this. Usually there’s enough dirt in a crack of a rock or on top of a rock to allow a tree to start growing there. As the tree grows over the years, the tree’s roots extend downward into the crack and crevasses of the rock in search of water and nutrients. Over time, the roots get bigger and grow deeper, widening and enlarging the cracks, causing the rock to break apart.
    　　首先這段lecture講了一個process called weathering，然后進行ways論述1. rocks are often exposed to water 2. It rains and water gets into the crack and stays there. Then, at night, the temperature drops and water inside the crack freezes. When this happens again and again, the crack becomes larger and eventually pieces of the rock break off 3.weathering can also be caused by plants As the tree grows over the years, the tree’s roots extend downward into the crack and crevasses of the rock in search of water and nutrients. Over time, the roots get bigger and grow deeper, widening and enlarging the cracks, causing the rock to break apart.
    　　從備考角度來說，其實大多數學生都是知道“水滴石穿”這個學科知識。在這段話中差不多就是講了這個水滴石穿的過程。但是要按照口語的答題內容完美的回答還是有些困難的，那么首先需要知道的是geology的一些學科詞匯。比如說crack, freeze, crevasse, rock, nutrients 這些詞。
    　　從跨學科來講，這篇看似是地質學的內容選段也出現(xiàn)了生物學部分的植物模塊，提到了植物的根部在watering process的作用?？忌Y合這兩個學科一起備考，想必事半功倍。
    　　再放大一些，這篇口語題目中的內容和聽力部分TPO49lecture1中一段話非常相像。
    　　Ice wedges form when water runs into cracks in the ground, the permafrost, then freezes. You ever see mud after it dries? Dried mud has cracks because when it dries it contracts, it shrinks. Well, in winter permafrost behaves similarly. It shrinks in winter because it freezes even more thoroughly then. And as it shrinks, it forms deep, deep cracks. Then in the summer, when the active layer, the top permafrost then freezes again, because that ground, the ground beneath the active layer is still below freezing. So you have wedges of ice in the permafrost.
    　　Now, the ice wedges widen the original cracks in the permafrost because water expands when it freezes. All right, okay, then in the autumn, the active layer on top freezes again. Then in winter the permafrost starts contracting again and the cracks open up even wider. So the next summer when the active layer melts again and flows into the widened cracks and freezes, it makes the cracks even wider. So it’s sort of a cycle through which the cracks and the wedges grow wider and wider.
    　　在這篇文章中，同樣講到了霜凍，同樣講到了裂縫變大變寬。說了這么多主要還是想說明，事實上很多的學科內容都是相互聯(lián)系的。在準備托?？荚嚨倪^程中，不管是聽說讀寫哪一門學科，都是有很大聯(lián)系的，每個學科的任何練習，都要反思一下內容到底是怎么考到的。畢竟TPO的內容考試肯定不會考，但是某個選段和某個學科的部分模塊可能會在考試中再次遇到。
    　　再回頭來看一下聽力題目。TPO34LECTURE3 Botany 第四題
    　　10. According to the lecture, what can be inferred about a royal water lily whose flowers are red?
    　　A.Its flowers have already been pollinated.
    　　B.Beetles are trapped inside of its flowers.
    　　C.Its flowers will soon increase in temperature.
    　　D.Its flowers have just closed.
    　　這個題目其實也是對應不上特殊的題型的，算是一個非題型的考點吧，考察的是一個類似實驗研究的過程。
    　　從原文中看
    　　Now, there’s a flower in the Amazon rainforest called a royal water lily and the characteristics of its flowers change during the pollination process. The royal water lily uses color, temperature and scent to attract the beetles that pollinate it. When the flowers of the royal water lily first open up, when they first bloom, they are white. They also emit a strong odor and their temperature rises, producing heat serves two purposes. It magnifies the scent of the flower and it helps the beetles maintain their body temperature. When a beetle arrives at the flower, the flower and it helps the beetles maintain their body temperature. When a beetle arrives at the flower, the flower closes around it for about 24 hours so that the beetle becomes covered with pollen. Then when the flower opens, its color changes to red and it cools down. When the beetle flies out, it carries the pollen to a different, heated, white, fragrant flower.
    　　放到原文中找題目的答案，這就是考到了傳粉授粉過程。文章中提到了當water lily傳粉結束后花會變色。所以答案應該選擇A。
    　　結合口語task6的內容，常見的布局結構
    　　In the lecture, the professor discusses/argues/demonstrates ______ in several points/aspects
    　　First, he says that ______ and he gives an example of___________
    　　Second, he mentioned that______________
    　　and he shows some data /researches about
    　　Finally, he discusses that_____________
    　　Topic: The professor talks about __________
    　　Point: The first point he/she raises is______________
    　　For example…….
    　　The second point he/she mentions is ______________
    　　For example……
    　　放在這篇聽力選段中是非常符合的。這段話講的是pollination process，類似于TPO25口語task6 watering process，觀點是The royal water lily uses color, temperature and scent to attract the beetles that pollinate it. 然后分別講了color， temperature and scent 在pollination process中是如何進行的過程。
    　　所以，從這個例子上來看，聽力的內容和口語的內容是有一定聯(lián)系的。在備考聽力的過程中，也不要只是簡單地把題目做好，考生也可以思考一下是否有些素材可以運用在其他科目中。
    　　看完這個聽力和口語相關的內容舉例，再來看看另外一門同樣有考查聽力的寫作部分。其實，在聽力備考中，很多老師都會講到聽力的備考考點，事實上，在寫作中綜合寫作的考察部分，也是有很多的考查是類似相關的。比如說，在聽力lecture中有一種分類是根據是否有學生的講話分成monologue和interactive lecture，在聽力的題目考察中，學生和老師的一回合講話就屬于一個考點，需要考生引起注意。而在綜合寫作的lecture聽力音頻范圍內，老師提出的問句，緊接著的自問自答就屬于一個要聽懂的信息點。諸如此類的也是很多。
    　　以上，就是考生在備考過程中需要注意的跨學科知識考查，或者其實就是備考的一些方法，在枯燥的無明確的方向性的過程中有一些條理性，更加有針對地練習一些內容，當然，在備考過程中哪怕去了解一些相關學科知識的中文內容，都是很有用的。
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