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        托福閱讀應試技巧之Not/Except型題

        字號:


            托福從聽、說、讀、寫四方面進行英語能力全面考核。出國留學網托福頻道為大家提供了這四個方面的資料,希望對大家有所幫助。小編祝愿大家都能成為精通英語的托??绝啞?BR>    Type2 Not/Except型
            這類題與細節(jié)題關系比較緊密,它的正確選項有兩種,一種是未被原文提及的,一種是與原文相反的,我們review一下細節(jié)題錯誤選項特征:1 原文中沒有的2與原文相反的3考點信息之外的。大家看到了,Not Except的題就是選擇細節(jié)題的錯誤選項的前兩類。所以說,它的本質還是細節(jié)題,你可以把它當成有三個正確選項的細節(jié)題來完成。
            先說第一種:未被原文提及的,這類的選項一般都是名詞,而且正確的那三個在文中很集中,一般用逗號 或是and連接。對于這類題,我建議大家先看一下選項,幫助我們定位,找到三個正確的,原文沒提及的那個就選出來了。For example,
            In any vertebrate two chief parts of the nervous system may be distinguished.These are the central nervous system, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nevous system, consisting of the cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves, together with their motor and sensory endings. The term“autonomic nervous system”refers to the parts of the central and peripheral systems that supply and regulate the activity of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and many glands
            Question:all of the following are described as being controlled by the autonomic nervous system Except
            A connective tissue
            B cardiac muscle
            C glandular activity
            D smooth muscle
            第一步,找題目中的關鍵詞controlled by the autonomic nervous system
            第二步,找定位句,autonomic nervous system出現(xiàn)在最后一句,這句就是定位句
            第三步,分析這個句子吧,regulate就是control的意思,它后面的the activity of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and many glands,就是B C D選項可能會有同學糾結C選項,glandular activity這就是我前面說過的and用法,glands是名詞,找前面相同詞性的詞,是muscle,activity of cardiac muscle,所以把那個句子填充完整就是regulate the activity of cardiac muscle, the activity of smooth muscle, and the activity of many glands,這樣這一道題就完成了。
            我說一下有些同學作這種題的不好習慣,就是上來不讀題直接看選項,然后回去找,找到了三個之后,選擇那個你沒找到的。是,我剛才說了可以看看選項幫助定位,但是注意,我說的是幫助定位,找定位句還是需要通過問題里面的關鍵詞。用找選項的方法做題,第一浪費時間,第二,你能保證自己不漏掉某些細節(jié)么?有沒有找到了兩個再重新找一次的情況呢?
            所以說,還有要用細節(jié)題的方式找好定位句,然后再去做題。先看選項只是輔助。
            再說另一種:是原文觀點矛盾的,以以下三個形式出現(xiàn)
            1原文+not
            2反義句
            3rather/other/without 后面的部分
            相對于第一種,這類的題的難度稍稍增加了,第一它的三個選項比較分散,沒第一種那么好找,第二它的選項往往是原文提過的,但是加了否定詞或者本身在原文就是否定。所以這類題要更難一些。沒關系,只要牢記上面的三個形式,尋找這三個形式就ok了
            Paragraph 9: The final major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting from over irrigation. Excess water from irrigation sinks down into the water table. If no drainage system exists, the water table rises, bringing dissolved salts to the surface. The water evaporates and the salts are left behind, creating a white crustal layer that prevents air and water from reaching the underlying soil.
            9. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to desertification EXCEPT
            ○Soil erosion
            ○Global warming
            ○Insufficient irrigation
            ○The raising of livestock
            第一步:抓關鍵詞, contributing to desertification,contribution翻譯成原因就行了
            第二步:找定位句,cause of desertification就是原因,所以第一句是定位句。
            第三步:分析定位句,The final major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting from over irrigation ,over irrigation,看到這我們可以選了,C選項Insufficient irrigation,明顯的第二種形式,反義句。