本文來(lái)自雅思作文網(wǎng)liuxue86.com《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》。
形式主語(yǔ)；
（一）什么是形式主語(yǔ)
作為形式主語(yǔ)的it并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)義，是為滿(mǎn)足語(yǔ)法上的需要，避免句子頭重腳輕，它代替的是句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)。
（二）形式主語(yǔ)it所在的句型類(lèi)別
1、作不定式的形式主語(yǔ)
(1)句型
It; is; +; a; pity/a; pleasure; +; to; do; sth.
It; is; +; wrong/right/wise/cruel/naughty/selfish; +; of; sb.; +; to; do; sth.
It; is; +; necessary/hard/important/difficult/possible/common; +; for; sb.; +; to; do; sth.
(2)雅思范文寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
A.; Beyond; this，; it; is; also; of; paramount; importance; to; use; theaters; and; museums; as; the：“social; classroom”; of; culture; and; history; education.
B.; I; think; it; is; by; no; means; pointless，; in; any; way，; to; try; to; keep; traditions; alive; with; technology.; (Cambridge; 3，; P162，; Task; 2)
C.; It; is; difficult; to; say; who; has; the; right; to; judge; whether; children; working; is：“wrong”; or：“valuable”.; (Cambridge; 3，; P164，; Task; 2)
D.; …，; it; is; important; to; remember; that; children; need; to; develop; skills; other; than; intellectual; ones; and; … (Cambridge; 3，; P168，; Task; 2)
E.; Finally，; I; think; that; it; is; also; important; to; remember; that; children; need; to; relax; as; well; as; work; … (Cambridge; 3，; P168，; Task; 2)
F.; Because; people; interpret; happiness; for; themselves; in; so; many; different; ways，; it; is; difficult; to; give; ang; definition; that; is; true; for; everyone.; (Cambridge; 4，; P165，; Task; 2)
G.; It; is; quite; common; these; days; for; young; people; in; many; countries; to; have; a; break; for; studying; after; graduation; from; high; school.; (Cambridge; 5，; P165，; Task; 2)
H.; They; may; think; that; it; is; better; to; continue; in; a; particular; job，; or; to; do; sth; completely; different; from; from; a; university; course.; (Cambridge; 5，; P165，; Task; 2)
據(jù)本人統(tǒng)計(jì)，劍橋官方的雅思真題(劍3—劍8)幾乎每一篇Task2考官范文中，都有所使用，甚至在有的文章中出現(xiàn)三次之多。
(3)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
實(shí)例 1：Many; people，; if; not; most，; are; strong; believer; in; the; claim; that; regard; children; go; to; work; as; completely; wrong，while; others; hold; the; opposite; opinion.
修改建議：it; is; completely; wrong; for; children; to; go; to; work.
實(shí)例2：They; have; to; complete; their; homework; conscientiously; within; limited; time; and; difficult; to; discover; the; problems; in; studies.
修改建議：thus; it; is; difficult; to; discover; their; problems; in; study.
實(shí)例3：College; graduates; are; difficult; to; find; jobs.
修改建議：It; is; difficult; for; college; graduates; to; find; jobs.
實(shí)例4：Parents; realise; the; needs; of; their; children; is; extremely; important.
修改建議：It; is; extremely; important; for; parents; to; realise; the; needs; of; their; children.
It; is; extremely; important; that; parents; realise; the; needs; of; their; children.
2、作動(dòng)名詞的形式主語(yǔ)
(1)句型
It; is; +; (no); use/good/useless/a; waste; of; time/energy/efforts; +; doing; sth.
It; is; +; good/useless/hard/foolish/enjoyable/worthwhile; +; doing; sth.
(2)雅思范文寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
A.; For; instance，; children; usually; pay; attention; to; match; their; clothing; and; toys; ; in; fact，; it; is; really; worth; competing; thing; that; their; study; is; being; ignored.
B.; Some; parents; believe; that; it; is; no; use; having; second; education; for; their; kids.
(3)學(xué)生作文實(shí)例
實(shí)例：Particular; countries; and; individuals; deals; with; environmental; issues; are; no; use.
我們的努力沒(méi)有您的支持我們無(wú)法做的更好！感謝您拜讀《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》一文.本文來(lái)自雅思作文網(wǎng)liuxue86.com《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》。
修改建議：It; is; no; use; dealing; with; environmental; issues; by; particular; countries; and; indivuduals.
3、作主語(yǔ)從句的形式主語(yǔ)
(1)句型
It; is; +; (adj); n./(adv.); adj./(adv.)v-ed; +; that……
It; +; seems/happens/appears/matters//strikes/occurs(突然想起); +; that……
It; is; +; said/reported/believed/(universally/widely); accepted/announced/estimated/acknowledged; +; that……
It; +; must; be; admitted/stressed; out; +; that…/It; +; cannot; be; denied; +; that………/It; +; can; be; foreseen; +; that……
It; +; goes; without; saying; +; that…
(2)雅思范文實(shí)例
A.; It; is; an; understandable; fact; that; many; employers; may; prefer; to; use; the; services; of; children; simply; to; save; money; by; paying; them; less; than; adults; and; it; is; this; type; of; exploitation; tht; should; be; discouraged.; (Cambridge; 3，; P164，; Task; 2)
B.; Admittedly，; it; is; common; sense; that; a; person; without; cooperative; spirit; will; be; difficult; to; survive; in; the; modern; society.
C.; Unfortunately，; it; is; not; always; the; case; that; new; things; are; promoted; because; they; have; good; impacts; for; the; majority; of; people.; (Cambridge; 6，; P168，; Task; 2)
D.; It; is; clear; from; the; data; given; that; there; are; some; significant; differences; in; spending; habits; in; Europe.; (Cambridge; 3，; P161，; Task; 1)
E.; It; goes; without; saying; that; it; pays; to; keep; early; hours.
F.; Take; holding; an; Olympic; games; as; an; example，; it; is; no; doubt; it; will; take; millions; of; money; to; build; stadiums.
G.; A; more; dramatic; rise; is; predicted; between; 2030; and; 2040; in; Japan，; by; which; time; it; is; thought; that; the; proportion; of; elderly; people; will; be; similar; in; the; three; countries.; (Cambridge; 5，; P162，; Task; 1)
H.; It; seems; that; the; experiences; we; have; in; life; are; so; unpredictable; and; so; powerful，; that; they; can; boost; or; overide; other; influences，; … (Cambridge; 5，; P169，; Task; 2)
(3)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
實(shí)例1：It; is; quite; obvious/evident /apparent; that; the; quantity; of; families; who; tends; to; go; outside; and; infuse; fresh; oxygen; into; their; lungs; is; growing; steadily.
實(shí)例 2：It; is; universally; acknowledged; that; the; best; way; to; arouse; people‘s; love; to; our; nature，; who; has; devoted; herself; too; much; to; human; being’s; development; while; has; received; barely; anything; till; now，; is; to; let; them; see; the; beauty; of; hers; by; themselves.
這是XVCC23強(qiáng)化班里一位基礎(chǔ)較好的學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作實(shí)例，其中的語(yǔ)法、措辭方面的錯(cuò)誤已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了修改。
實(shí)例3：Clearly，; rush; hours; emerges; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; (in; the); early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London.
修改建議：這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是無(wú)可厚非的(語(yǔ)法就不說(shuō)啦)，但是，按照雅思評(píng)分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，句式稍微做一下調(diào)整，會(huì)更漂亮： 如：It; is; clear; that; rush; hours; emerge; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; in; the; early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London. 或者改成 It; is; demonstrated; that; rush; hours; emerge; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; in; the; early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London. 這樣一個(gè)小小的調(diào)整，其句子修改前后的效果是顯而易見(jiàn)的。
（三）it作形式主語(yǔ)的特征分析
根據(jù)以上對(duì)it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的解析，對(duì)雅思寫(xiě)作范文、尤其是官方考官范文的分析，以及對(duì)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的it使用狀況的詳細(xì)解讀可知： 相比較于名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)雜性和多邊性，it作為形式主語(yǔ)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)可謂簡(jiǎn)明扼要，學(xué)生掌握起來(lái)應(yīng)該說(shuō)是得心應(yīng)手的。
我們的努力沒(méi)有您的支持我們無(wú)法做的更好！感謝您拜讀《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》一文.本文來(lái)自雅思作文網(wǎng)liuxue86.com《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》。
（四）不能正確使用it形式主語(yǔ)的原因
在信息編排時(shí)，英語(yǔ)句子遵循“end; focus”的原則，即舊信息在前，新信息在后 “old; information+new; information”; 但是，當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)，容易使句子產(chǎn)生“head; weight”的感覺(jué)時(shí)， 句子結(jié)構(gòu)則遵循“end; weight”的原則，即，把較長(zhǎng)的主語(yǔ)全部置于句子尾部。前面空掉的主語(yǔ)位置用it來(lái)代替，擔(dān)當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)的功能。
而漢語(yǔ)并不具有這類(lèi)明顯的特征，學(xué)生對(duì)英漢兩種語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)差異知之甚少，或者略有所知，在真正的運(yùn)用中，也未必能夠正確的體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。多數(shù)學(xué)生都本著漢語(yǔ)式的思維，一遇到“某人做某事是怎么樣的/是什么”就習(xí)慣性地寫(xiě)成t"
三、總結(jié)；
建議學(xué)生在雅思學(xué)習(xí)中，采取步步為營(yíng)的四步走戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術(shù)，循序漸進(jìn)：首先，記住句型結(jié)構(gòu); 其次，模仿寫(xiě)作; 之后，進(jìn)行獨(dú)立創(chuàng)作; 最后，形成屬于自己的 模板句型。作為雅思寫(xiě)作學(xué)習(xí)中可控制的因素，我們可以培養(yǎng)句式運(yùn)用的習(xí)慣，使習(xí)慣稱(chēng)為自然。為了我們雅思的學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)努力是值得 的，it; pays; in; the; long; run.
我們的努力沒(méi)有您的支持我們無(wú)法做的更好！感謝您拜讀《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》一文.
形式主語(yǔ)；
（一）什么是形式主語(yǔ)
作為形式主語(yǔ)的it并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)義，是為滿(mǎn)足語(yǔ)法上的需要，避免句子頭重腳輕，它代替的是句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)。
（二）形式主語(yǔ)it所在的句型類(lèi)別
1、作不定式的形式主語(yǔ)
(1)句型
It; is; +; a; pity/a; pleasure; +; to; do; sth.
It; is; +; wrong/right/wise/cruel/naughty/selfish; +; of; sb.; +; to; do; sth.
It; is; +; necessary/hard/important/difficult/possible/common; +; for; sb.; +; to; do; sth.
(2)雅思范文寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
A.; Beyond; this，; it; is; also; of; paramount; importance; to; use; theaters; and; museums; as; the：“social; classroom”; of; culture; and; history; education.
B.; I; think; it; is; by; no; means; pointless，; in; any; way，; to; try; to; keep; traditions; alive; with; technology.; (Cambridge; 3，; P162，; Task; 2)
C.; It; is; difficult; to; say; who; has; the; right; to; judge; whether; children; working; is：“wrong”; or：“valuable”.; (Cambridge; 3，; P164，; Task; 2)
D.; …，; it; is; important; to; remember; that; children; need; to; develop; skills; other; than; intellectual; ones; and; … (Cambridge; 3，; P168，; Task; 2)
E.; Finally，; I; think; that; it; is; also; important; to; remember; that; children; need; to; relax; as; well; as; work; … (Cambridge; 3，; P168，; Task; 2)
F.; Because; people; interpret; happiness; for; themselves; in; so; many; different; ways，; it; is; difficult; to; give; ang; definition; that; is; true; for; everyone.; (Cambridge; 4，; P165，; Task; 2)
G.; It; is; quite; common; these; days; for; young; people; in; many; countries; to; have; a; break; for; studying; after; graduation; from; high; school.; (Cambridge; 5，; P165，; Task; 2)
H.; They; may; think; that; it; is; better; to; continue; in; a; particular; job，; or; to; do; sth; completely; different; from; from; a; university; course.; (Cambridge; 5，; P165，; Task; 2)
據(jù)本人統(tǒng)計(jì)，劍橋官方的雅思真題(劍3—劍8)幾乎每一篇Task2考官范文中，都有所使用，甚至在有的文章中出現(xiàn)三次之多。
(3)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
實(shí)例 1：Many; people，; if; not; most，; are; strong; believer; in; the; claim; that; regard; children; go; to; work; as; completely; wrong，while; others; hold; the; opposite; opinion.
修改建議：it; is; completely; wrong; for; children; to; go; to; work.
實(shí)例2：They; have; to; complete; their; homework; conscientiously; within; limited; time; and; difficult; to; discover; the; problems; in; studies.
修改建議：thus; it; is; difficult; to; discover; their; problems; in; study.
實(shí)例3：College; graduates; are; difficult; to; find; jobs.
修改建議：It; is; difficult; for; college; graduates; to; find; jobs.
實(shí)例4：Parents; realise; the; needs; of; their; children; is; extremely; important.
修改建議：It; is; extremely; important; for; parents; to; realise; the; needs; of; their; children.
It; is; extremely; important; that; parents; realise; the; needs; of; their; children.
2、作動(dòng)名詞的形式主語(yǔ)
(1)句型
It; is; +; (no); use/good/useless/a; waste; of; time/energy/efforts; +; doing; sth.
It; is; +; good/useless/hard/foolish/enjoyable/worthwhile; +; doing; sth.
(2)雅思范文寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
A.; For; instance，; children; usually; pay; attention; to; match; their; clothing; and; toys; ; in; fact，; it; is; really; worth; competing; thing; that; their; study; is; being; ignored.
B.; Some; parents; believe; that; it; is; no; use; having; second; education; for; their; kids.
(3)學(xué)生作文實(shí)例
實(shí)例：Particular; countries; and; individuals; deals; with; environmental; issues; are; no; use.
我們的努力沒(méi)有您的支持我們無(wú)法做的更好！感謝您拜讀《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》一文.本文來(lái)自雅思作文網(wǎng)liuxue86.com《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》。
修改建議：It; is; no; use; dealing; with; environmental; issues; by; particular; countries; and; indivuduals.
3、作主語(yǔ)從句的形式主語(yǔ)
(1)句型
It; is; +; (adj); n./(adv.); adj./(adv.)v-ed; +; that……
It; +; seems/happens/appears/matters//strikes/occurs(突然想起); +; that……
It; is; +; said/reported/believed/(universally/widely); accepted/announced/estimated/acknowledged; +; that……
It; +; must; be; admitted/stressed; out; +; that…/It; +; cannot; be; denied; +; that………/It; +; can; be; foreseen; +; that……
It; +; goes; without; saying; +; that…
(2)雅思范文實(shí)例
A.; It; is; an; understandable; fact; that; many; employers; may; prefer; to; use; the; services; of; children; simply; to; save; money; by; paying; them; less; than; adults; and; it; is; this; type; of; exploitation; tht; should; be; discouraged.; (Cambridge; 3，; P164，; Task; 2)
B.; Admittedly，; it; is; common; sense; that; a; person; without; cooperative; spirit; will; be; difficult; to; survive; in; the; modern; society.
C.; Unfortunately，; it; is; not; always; the; case; that; new; things; are; promoted; because; they; have; good; impacts; for; the; majority; of; people.; (Cambridge; 6，; P168，; Task; 2)
D.; It; is; clear; from; the; data; given; that; there; are; some; significant; differences; in; spending; habits; in; Europe.; (Cambridge; 3，; P161，; Task; 1)
E.; It; goes; without; saying; that; it; pays; to; keep; early; hours.
F.; Take; holding; an; Olympic; games; as; an; example，; it; is; no; doubt; it; will; take; millions; of; money; to; build; stadiums.
G.; A; more; dramatic; rise; is; predicted; between; 2030; and; 2040; in; Japan，; by; which; time; it; is; thought; that; the; proportion; of; elderly; people; will; be; similar; in; the; three; countries.; (Cambridge; 5，; P162，; Task; 1)
H.; It; seems; that; the; experiences; we; have; in; life; are; so; unpredictable; and; so; powerful，; that; they; can; boost; or; overide; other; influences，; … (Cambridge; 5，; P169，; Task; 2)
(3)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作實(shí)例
實(shí)例1：It; is; quite; obvious/evident /apparent; that; the; quantity; of; families; who; tends; to; go; outside; and; infuse; fresh; oxygen; into; their; lungs; is; growing; steadily.
實(shí)例 2：It; is; universally; acknowledged; that; the; best; way; to; arouse; people‘s; love; to; our; nature，; who; has; devoted; herself; too; much; to; human; being’s; development; while; has; received; barely; anything; till; now，; is; to; let; them; see; the; beauty; of; hers; by; themselves.
這是XVCC23強(qiáng)化班里一位基礎(chǔ)較好的學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作實(shí)例，其中的語(yǔ)法、措辭方面的錯(cuò)誤已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了修改。
實(shí)例3：Clearly，; rush; hours; emerges; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; (in; the); early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London.
修改建議：這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是無(wú)可厚非的(語(yǔ)法就不說(shuō)啦)，但是，按照雅思評(píng)分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，句式稍微做一下調(diào)整，會(huì)更漂亮： 如：It; is; clear; that; rush; hours; emerge; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; in; the; early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London. 或者改成 It; is; demonstrated; that; rush; hours; emerge; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; in; the; early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London. 這樣一個(gè)小小的調(diào)整，其句子修改前后的效果是顯而易見(jiàn)的。
（三）it作形式主語(yǔ)的特征分析
根據(jù)以上對(duì)it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的解析，對(duì)雅思寫(xiě)作范文、尤其是官方考官范文的分析，以及對(duì)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的it使用狀況的詳細(xì)解讀可知： 相比較于名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)雜性和多邊性，it作為形式主語(yǔ)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)可謂簡(jiǎn)明扼要，學(xué)生掌握起來(lái)應(yīng)該說(shuō)是得心應(yīng)手的。
我們的努力沒(méi)有您的支持我們無(wú)法做的更好！感謝您拜讀《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》一文.本文來(lái)自雅思作文網(wǎng)liuxue86.com《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》。
（四）不能正確使用it形式主語(yǔ)的原因
在信息編排時(shí)，英語(yǔ)句子遵循“end; focus”的原則，即舊信息在前，新信息在后 “old; information+new; information”; 但是，當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)，容易使句子產(chǎn)生“head; weight”的感覺(jué)時(shí)， 句子結(jié)構(gòu)則遵循“end; weight”的原則，即，把較長(zhǎng)的主語(yǔ)全部置于句子尾部。前面空掉的主語(yǔ)位置用it來(lái)代替，擔(dān)當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)的功能。
而漢語(yǔ)并不具有這類(lèi)明顯的特征，學(xué)生對(duì)英漢兩種語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)差異知之甚少，或者略有所知，在真正的運(yùn)用中，也未必能夠正確的體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。多數(shù)學(xué)生都本著漢語(yǔ)式的思維，一遇到“某人做某事是怎么樣的/是什么”就習(xí)慣性地寫(xiě)成t"
三、總結(jié)；
建議學(xué)生在雅思學(xué)習(xí)中，采取步步為營(yíng)的四步走戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術(shù)，循序漸進(jìn)：首先，記住句型結(jié)構(gòu); 其次，模仿寫(xiě)作; 之后，進(jìn)行獨(dú)立創(chuàng)作; 最后，形成屬于自己的 模板句型。作為雅思寫(xiě)作學(xué)習(xí)中可控制的因素，我們可以培養(yǎng)句式運(yùn)用的習(xí)慣，使習(xí)慣稱(chēng)為自然。為了我們雅思的學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)努力是值得 的，it; pays; in; the; long; run.
我們的努力沒(méi)有您的支持我們無(wú)法做的更好！感謝您拜讀《淺析“it”在中的應(yīng)用》一文.