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2020考研英語(yǔ):語(yǔ)法長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)(4)
考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句訓(xùn)練題:
13. Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changes subjects' behavior.
14. Accoding to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increasd, but also it was dimmed.
15. An awareness that they were being experimentedupon seemed to be enough to alter workers'sbehavior by itself.
16. Contrary to the description on record, nosystematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes inlighting.
考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析:
第13題:
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 the studies ended up giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect"。the extremely influential idea...補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 Hawthorne effect,是其同位語(yǔ),其中 idea 之后是 that 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句中,主句為 the very act,of being experimented upon 是其后置定語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)為 changes,賓語(yǔ)是 subjects' behavior。
【譯文】然而,這些研究最終以被冠之為"霍桑效應(yīng)"的概念而告終,這個(gè)極具影響力的概念認(rèn)為,僅僅是接受實(shí)驗(yàn)這一行為就足以使受試者的表現(xiàn)發(fā)生改變。
【點(diǎn)撥】1)subject 作名詞時(shí),是"主題、學(xué)科、對(duì)象、主語(yǔ)"的意思,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,本句中意為"接受實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,受試者"。作動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為"使服從;使遭受",常與 to 搭配。作形容詞時(shí),意為"受...支配的;易遭...的"。
2)end up doing sth."結(jié)果是...,最終..."。
第14題:
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 their hourly output rose。 連接兩個(gè)由 when 引導(dǎo)的并列時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,后一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中 it 指代的是 lighting。 此處注意 not only...but also...結(jié)構(gòu)在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中可以省略 not only 或 but also。 Accoding to作狀語(yǔ)。
【譯文】實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告表明,當(dāng)照明燈變亮?xí)r,女工們每小時(shí)的產(chǎn)出會(huì)增加,而當(dāng)照明燈變暗時(shí),她們每小時(shí)的產(chǎn)出仍會(huì)增加。
【點(diǎn)撥】account 作名詞時(shí),常用意為"理由,解釋"或 "賬目、賬單",本句中的意思是"報(bào)告、描述"。作動(dòng)詞時(shí),常與 for 搭配,意為"說(shuō)明...的原因;(在數(shù)量、比例方面)占"。
第15題:
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 。An awareness...seemedto be enough to alter...。 that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明awareness, 其中 they 指代后面的 workers。beenough to do "足以..."。
【譯文】只要意識(shí)到她們?cè)诮邮軐?shí)驗(yàn),這一意識(shí)本身似乎就足以改變工人們的行為。
第16題:
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 no systematic evidence was found...。 Contrary to 作句子狀語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的從句作 evidence 的同位語(yǔ),為避免句子頭重腳輕,此同位語(yǔ)從句與先行詞被謂語(yǔ)分離。
【譯文】與有記載的描述相反,沒(méi)有找到系統(tǒng)的證據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)明勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的水平與光照的變化有關(guān)。