美國的范德堡大學(xué)始建于1873年，是美國著名的大學(xué)也是享譽(yù)世界的私立研究型大學(xué)，是常春藤盟校之一，那么跟著出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)一起來了解下美國范德堡大學(xué)基本概況吧，歡迎閱讀。
    一、關(guān)于范德堡大學(xué)
    Vanderbilt University (also known informally as Vandy)is a private research university located in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 1873, it was named in honor of shipping and rail magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt, who provided the school its initial $1 million endowment despite having never been to the South. Vanderbilt hoped that his gift and the greater work of the university would help to heal the sectional wounds inflicted by the Civil War.Today, Vanderbilt enrolls approximately 12,000 students from all 50 U.S. states and over 100 foreign countries in four undergraduate and six graduate and professional schools. Several research centers and institutes are affiliated with the university, including the Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, Institute for Space and Defense Electronics, Freedom Forum First Amendment Center, Dyer Observatory, and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, the only Level I trauma center in Middle Tennessee. With the exception of the off-campus observatory, satellite medical clinics, and the Institute, all of the university's facilities are situated on its 330-acre (1.3 km2) campus in the heart of Nashville, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from downtown. Despite its urban surroundings, the campus itself is a national arboretum and features over 300 different species of trees and shrubs.Vanderbilt is ranked as one of the best universities in the United States by several institutional rankings. Additionally, in 2017 Vanderbilt was ranked the 10th most innovative in the world.Vanderbilt is a founding member of the Southeastern Conference and has been the conference's only private school for a half-century.The Vanderbilt Commodores field 15 intercollegiate varsity teams.
    范德堡大學(xué)(也被稱為Vandy是該大學(xué)的非正式的名稱)是位于田納西州納什維爾的私立研究型大學(xué)。范德堡大學(xué)成立于1873年，以航運(yùn)和鐵路巨人科尼利斯范德堡大學(xué)而命名，就是這個(gè)偉大的人提供了學(xué)校最初的100萬美元的捐贈，盡管他從未到過南方。范德堡德希望他的禮物和大學(xué)的更大的工作將有助于治愈內(nèi)戰(zhàn)造成的傷勢。今天，范德堡大學(xué)在四個(gè)本科和六個(gè)研究生和專業(yè)學(xué)校招收了來自全美50 個(gè)州和100多個(gè)外國的約12,000名學(xué)生。幾個(gè)研究中心和機(jī)構(gòu)都附屬于大學(xué)，包括范德堡大學(xué)公共政策研究所研究，研究所航天和國防電子，自由論壇第一修正案中心，戴爾天文臺和范德堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心，唯一的一級創(chuàng)傷中心在中東田納西州。除校外天文臺外 、衛(wèi)星診所、和研究所、該校所有的設(shè)施都位于其330英畝(1.3公里2)校園在納什維爾的心臟地帶，距市中心1.5英里(2.4公里)。盡管它的城市環(huán)境，校園本身是一個(gè)國家植物園，擁有300多種不同種類的樹木和灌木。范德堡大學(xué)被幾個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)排名列為美國最好的大學(xué)之一。另外，在2017年，范德堡大學(xué)(Vanderbilt)在全球排名第十，創(chuàng)新最高。范德堡大學(xué)是東南會議的創(chuàng)始成員，一直是會議唯一的半個(gè)世紀(jì)的私立學(xué)校。所述的范德堡大學(xué)擁有15校際運(yùn)動隊(duì)。
    二、歷史沿革
    第一階段：早期創(chuàng)始階段
    In the years prior to the American Civil War of 1861–1865, the Methodist Episcopal Church South had been considering the creation of a regional university for the training of ministers in a location central to its congregations. Following lobbying by Nashville bishop Holland Nimmons McTyeire, the author of an essay about black slavery whose father was "a cotton planter and a slaveholder" in South Carolina, church leaders voted to found "The Central University of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South" in Nashville in 1872.However, lack of funds and the ravaged state of the Reconstruction Era South delayed the opening of the college.The following year, McTyeire stayed at the New York City residence of Cornelius Vanderbilt, whose second wife was Frank Armstrong Crawford Vanderbilt (1839–1885), a cousin of McTyeire's wife, Amelia Townsend McTyeire (1827–1891); both women were from Mobile, Alabama. Indeed, the McTyeires had met at St. Francis Street Methodist Church in Mobile. Cornelius Vanderbilt, who was the wealthiest man in the United States at the time, was considering philanthropy as he was at an advanced age. He had been planning to establish a university on Staten Island, New York, in honor of his mother. However, McTyeire convinced him to donate $500,000 to endow Central University in order to "contribute to strengthening the ties which should exist between all sections of our common country."
    科尼利厄斯范德堡大學(xué)，在1861年至1865年的美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)之前的幾年里，衛(wèi)理公會教派的南方教會一直在考慮建立一所地區(qū)大學(xué)以訓(xùn)練牧師在其教會的中心位置。在納什維爾的主教荷蘭尼蒙斯麥克特雷的游說下，他的父親是南卡羅萊納的棉花種植園主和奴隸的作者，他在納什維爾的一篇關(guān)于黑人奴隸制的文章中進(jìn)行了投票，并于1872年在納什維爾找到了南方衛(wèi)理公會教堂的中央大學(xué)。然而，由于缺乏資金和重建時(shí)期的破壞，南方推遲了大學(xué)的開放。
    接下來的一年，麥克蒂爾在Cornelius Vanderbilt的紐約住所里，他的第二任妻子是弗蘭克阿姆斯特朗克勞福德范德堡大學(xué)(1839-1885)，他是麥特雷的妻子，阿米莉亞德森德麥克泰雷(1827-1891)，這兩名婦女都來自阿拉巴馬州。事實(shí)上，麥特瑞斯在圣弗朗西斯街衛(wèi)理公會教堂舉行了集會。Cornelius Vanderbilt當(dāng)時(shí)是美國最富有的人，他正在考慮慈善事業(yè)，因?yàn)樗谀昙o(jì)大的時(shí)候。為了紀(jì)念他的母親，他一直計(jì)劃在紐約的斯塔頓島建立一所大學(xué)。然而，麥克提爾說服他捐贈50萬美元給中央大學(xué)，以便為加強(qiáng)我們共同國家的各個(gè)部門之間的聯(lián)系做出貢獻(xiàn)。
    第二階段：紀(jì)念館
    The endowment was eventually increased to $1 million roughly $19,973,867 in 2015 dollarsand would be only one of two philanthropic causes financially supported by Vanderbilt. Though he never expressed any desire that the university be named after himself, McTyeire and his fellow trustees rechristened the school in his honor. Vanderbilt died in 1877 without seeing the school named after him.They acquired land formerly owned by Texas Senator John Boyd (who chose to patronize the establishment of Trinity University, a Presbyterian university in San Antonio, Texas instead), later inherited by his granddaughter and her husband, Confederate Congressman Henry S. Foote, who had built Old Central, a house still standing on campus.One of the founding trustees, Hezekiah William Foote, was a Confederate veteran and the owner of four plantations in Mississippi, including Mount Holly. McTyeire named Landon Garland (1810–1895), his mentor from Randolph-Macon College in Virginia and then-Chancellor of the University of Mississippi, as chancellor. Garland shaped the school's structure and hired the school's faculty, many of whom were renowned scholars in their respective fields. However, most of this faculty left after disputes with Bishop McTyeire, including over pay rates.When the first fraternity chapter, Phi Delta Theta, was established on campus in 1876, it was shut down by the faculty, only to be reestablished as a secret society in 1877. Meanwhile, Old Gym, designed by Dutch-born architect Peter J. Williamson, was built in 1879–1880.By 1883, the Board of Trust passed a resolution allowing fraternities on campus, and more chapters were established in 1884.
    2015年，捐贈基金最終增加到100萬美元，約為19,973,867美元。這筆資金將是范德堡金融支持的兩項(xiàng)慈善事業(yè)中的一項(xiàng)。盡管他從未表達(dá)過任何想讓這所大學(xué)以自己的名字命名的愿望，但McTyeire和他的同伴們以他的榮譽(yù)重新命名了這所學(xué)校。范德堡堡在1877年去世，卻沒有看到學(xué)校以他命名。他們曾經(jīng)獲得土地屬于德克薩斯州參議員約翰·博伊德(選擇光顧三一大學(xué)的建立，長老會大學(xué)在圣安東尼奧,德克薩斯州)，后來繼承了他的孫女和她的丈夫邦聯(lián)國會議員亨利富特建立舊中央，這所房子依然站在校園。Hezekiah William Foote的一位創(chuàng)始受托人是一名南方聯(lián)盟的老兵，他是密西西比州的四個(gè)種植園的主人包括霍莉山。從1872年到1875年的信托委員會的財(cái)務(wù)主管亞歷山大小佩奇格林，他的肖像懸掛在柯克蘭大廳，是一名衛(wèi)理公會牧師和前奴隸主。他的女婿，羅伯特a楊，是衛(wèi)理公會牧師，從1874年到1882年擔(dān)任信托委員會的財(cái)務(wù)秘書，于1902年從董事會退休。第一座建筑主要建筑，后來被稱為柯克蘭大廳，由威廉克勞福德史密斯設(shè)計(jì)，他是一名南方聯(lián)盟的老兵，也是帕特農(nóng)神廟的設(shè)計(jì)者;它的建造始于1874年。在1875年秋天，大約有200名學(xué)生在范德堡大學(xué)求學(xué)，10月份，這所大學(xué)就被奉獻(xiàn)了。麥克泰雷主教被范德堡大學(xué)任命為終身信托委員會主席，這是他捐贈基金的一項(xiàng)規(guī)定。McTyeire的名字是Landon Garland，他是弗吉尼亞州的馬夫-麥克恩學(xué)院的導(dǎo)師，當(dāng)時(shí)是密西西比大學(xué)的校長。加蘭塑造了學(xué)校的結(jié)構(gòu)，并聘請了該校的教師，其中許多人都是各自領(lǐng)域的知名學(xué)者。然而，大部分教員都是在與麥特雷主教發(fā)生糾紛后離職的，其中包括支付工資。1876年，第一個(gè)兄弟會分會在校園成立，它被教師們關(guān)閉了，直到1877年才被重新確立為一個(gè)秘密社團(tuán)。與此同時(shí)，由荷蘭出生的建筑師彼得威廉森設(shè)計(jì)的舊健身房，建于1880-1880年間。到了1883年，信托理事會通過了一項(xiàng)決議，允許校園里的兄弟會并且在1884年建立了更多的分會。
    第三階段：與衛(wèi)理公會教派分裂
    During the first 40 years， the Board of Trust, and therefore the university, was under the control of the General Conference (the governing body) of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.Tension grew between the university administration and the Conference over the future of the school, particularly over the methods by which members of the Vanderbilt Board of Trust would be chosen, and the extent that non-Methodists could teach at the school.Conflicts escalated after James H. Kirkland was appointed chancellor in 1893.Then the Southern Methodist Church congregations raised just $50,000 in a campaign to raise $300,000.After the Tennessee Centennial Exposition of 1897, a statue of Cornelius Vanderbilt, designed by Italian sculptor Giuseppe Moretti,was moved from the grounds of the Parthenon to the Vanderbilt campus.In 1905, Kirkland Hall burnt down, only to be rebuilt shortly after.Meanwhile, the Board of Trust voted to limit Methodist representation on the board to just five bishops.Former faculty member and bishop Elijah Hoss led a group attempting to assert Methodist control.In 1910, the board refused to seat three Methodist bishops. The Methodist Church took the issue to court and won at the local level. On March 21, 1914, the Tennessee Supreme Court ruled that the Commodore, and not the Methodist Church, was the university's founder and that the board could therefore seat whomever it wished. The General Conference in 1914 voted 151 to 140 to sever its ties with Vanderbilt; it also voted to establish a new university, Southern Methodist University, and to greatly expand Emory University.
    荷蘭主教McTyeire，在最初的40年里，信托委員會以及大學(xué)，都在南方衛(wèi)理公會主教派的大會(管理機(jī)構(gòu))的控制之下。大學(xué)管理與會議之間的緊張關(guān)系日益加劇，尤其是關(guān)于范德堡大學(xué)信托委員會成員的選擇以及非衛(wèi)理公會派教徒在學(xué)校的教學(xué)方式。1893年James H.Kirkland被任命為總理后，沖突升級。隨后，南衛(wèi)理公會教堂在一次籌集30萬美元的活動中籌集了5萬美元。在1897年的田納西州百年博覽會之后，Giuseppe Moretti的雕像，由意大利雕塑家Giuseppe Moretti設(shè)計(jì)，從神廟的庭院移到了范德堡大學(xué)的校園。1905年，Kirkland Hall燒毀了，只是在不久之后重建。與此同時(shí)，信托委員會投票決定將衛(wèi)理公會的代表名額限制在5名主教中。前教師和主教Elijah Hoss領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一個(gè)試圖維護(hù)衛(wèi)理公會控制的團(tuán)體。1910年，董事會拒絕任命三名衛(wèi)理公會主教。衛(wèi)理公會教派把這個(gè)問題告上法庭，并在當(dāng)?shù)刳A得了勝利。在1914年3月21日，田納西最高法院裁定，康莫達(dá)爾而不是衛(wèi)理公會教堂是該大學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人，因此董事會可以開始正常運(yùn)作。1914年的聯(lián)合國大會以151票對140票通過了與范德堡堡的關(guān)系。它還投票支持建立一所新的大學(xué)，南衛(wèi)理公會大學(xué)，并大力擴(kuò)展艾莫利大學(xué)。
    第四階段：20世紀(jì)20年代第二次世界大戰(zhàn)
    In the 1920s and 1930s, Vanderbilt University hosted two partly overlapping groups of scholars who had a large impact on American thought and letters: the Fugitives and the Agrarians. Meanwhile, Frank C. Rand, who served as the President and later Chairman of the International Shoe Company, donated US$150,000 to the university in 1925; Rand Hall was subsequently named for him.In 1933, the United Daughters of the Confederacy donated $50,000 (roughly $925,166 in 2015 dollars for the construction of Confederate Memorial Hall, designed by architect Henry C. Hibbs. It was completed in 1935.In the 1930s, Ernest William Goodpasture and his colleagues in the School of Medicine invented methods for cultivating viruses and rickettsiae in fertilized chicken eggs. This work made possible the production of vaccines against chicken pox, smallpox, yellow fever, typhus, Rocky mountain spotted fever and other diseases caused by agents that only propagate in living cells. Alfred Blalock, Professor of Surgery, and his assistant Vivian Thomas identified a decrease in blood volume and fluid loss outside the vascular bed as a key factor in traumatic shock and pioneered the use of replacement fluids for its treatment. In 1960, the School of Religion expelled a student who was one of the leaders of the emerging civil rights movement, James Lawson. Several faculty members resigned in protest.In 2005, Lawson was re-hired as a Distinguished University Professor for the 2006–2007 academic year, and named a Distinguished Alumnus for his achievements.The Vanderbilt Board of Trust in May 1962 voted to accept African Americans in all schools, and first undergraduates entered the school the fall of 1964.The university drew national attention in 1966 when it recruited Perry Wallace, the first African-American athlete in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Wallace, from Nashville, played varsity basketball for Vanderbilt from 1967 to 1970, and faced considerable opposition from segregationists when playing at other SEC venues. In 2004, a student-led drive to retire Wallace's jersey finally succeeded.
    在20世紀(jì)20年代和30年代，范德堡堡大學(xué)主辦了兩個(gè)部分重疊的學(xué)者群體，他們對美國的思想和信件產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響;逃亡者和農(nóng)民。與此同時(shí)，弗蘭克蘭德在1925年給這所大學(xué)捐贈了15萬美元，他曾擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)和后來的國際制鞋公司董事長。蘭德霍爾后來以他的名字命名。1933年，聯(lián)邦政府的女兒們捐贈了5萬美元(約合925，166美元，用于建造由建筑師Henry C.Hibbs設(shè)計(jì)的南部邦聯(lián)紀(jì)念大廳。這是在1935年完成的。在上世紀(jì)30年代，Ernest William Goodpasture和他在醫(yī)學(xué)院的同事們發(fā)明了一種方法，在受精卵中培養(yǎng)病毒和蓖麻毒素。這項(xiàng)工作使疫苗的生產(chǎn)成為可能，疫苗的生產(chǎn)是針對水痘、天花、黃熱病、斑疹傷寒、落基山斑疹熱以及其他由只在活細(xì)胞中繁殖的藥物引起的疾病。Alfred Blalock，外科教授，以及他的助手，薇薇安托馬斯確定了血管床外的血流量和液體的減少，這是創(chuàng)傷性休克的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素，并開創(chuàng)了替代液體的治療方法。二戰(zhàn)期間，范德堡斯是美國131所大學(xué)和大學(xué)之一，參與了v-12海軍學(xué)院的培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目，為學(xué)生提供了一條通往海軍委員會的道路。在二戰(zhàn)期間，這一待遇挽救了無數(shù)人的生命。戰(zhàn)后不久，1945年至1947年，范德堡堡大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)由洛克菲勒基金會資助的實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們給800名孕婦提供了放射性鐵，其中751種是藥片，沒有得到她們的同意。在1969年發(fā)表在美國流行病學(xué)雜志上的一篇文章中，估計(jì)有三個(gè)孩子死于該實(shí)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)美國能源部試圖調(diào)查1993年發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，大學(xué)告訴他們這些記錄在上世紀(jì)70年代被銷毀了。民主黨參議員Jim Sasser稱這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)令人深感不安。在這些女性提起訴訟后，她們從范德堡大學(xué)獲得了910萬美元的資金，并在1998年從洛克菲勒基金會獲得90萬美元。1950年代和1960年代，老機(jī)械現(xiàn)在是歐文管理學(xué)院的一部分。1953年，宗教學(xué)校錄取了這所大學(xué)的第一位非洲裔學(xué)生。1960年，宗教學(xué)校驅(qū)逐了一名學(xué)生，他曾是新興民權(quán)運(yùn)動的領(lǐng)袖之一，詹姆斯勞森。幾名教師辭職以示抗議。2005年，勞森被重新聘為2006-2007學(xué)年的杰出大學(xué)教授，并以他的成就命名了一位杰出校友。1962年5月，范德堡堡信托委員會投票同意在所有學(xué)校接受非裔美國人，第一批大學(xué)生在1964年秋季入學(xué)。1966年，該大學(xué)聘請了美國東南地區(qū)第一位非裔運(yùn)動員佩里華萊士(美國證交會)，引起了全國的關(guān)注。從1967年到1970年，來自納什維爾的華萊士在范德堡大學(xué)打籃球，并在其他的美國證交會比賽時(shí)遭到了種族隔離主義者的強(qiáng)烈反對。2004年一個(gè)由學(xué)生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的、退休的華萊士澤西的運(yùn)動終于成功了。
    第五階段：1970年代至今1970s to present
    Vanderbilt University police car.In 1979, Vanderbilt acquired Peabody College, then called the "George Peabody College for Teachers", residing on 53 acres adjacent to the university.In the early 1980s, Vanderbilt University was a financial backer of the Corrections Corporation of America prior to its IPO.In 2002, the university decided to rename Confederate Memorial Hall, a residence hall on the Peabody campus to Memorial Hall. Nationwide attention resulted, in part due to a lawsuit by the Tennessee chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy.The Davidson County Chancery Court dismissed the lawsuit in 2003, but the Tennessee Court of Appeals ruled in May 2005 that the university must pay damages based on the present value of the United Daughters of the Confederacy's contribution if the inscription bearing the name "Confederate Memorial Hall" was removed from the building or altered. The Court of Appeals' decision has been critiqued by legal scholars. In late July 2005, the university announced that although it had officially renamed the building, and all university publications and offices will refer to it solely as Memorial Hall, the university would neither appeal the matter further, nor remove the inscription and pay damages.In August 2016, the university agreed to remove the word "Confederate" from the building after "anonymous donors" donated $1.2 million to repay the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
    In 2009, Vanderbilt instituted a no-loan policy. The policy states that any student granted admission and a need-based aid package will have an award that includes no student loans. In 2011, the Oakland Institute, an Oakland, California-based think tank, exposed Vanderbilt University's $26 million investment in EMVest Asset Management, a private equity firm "accused of 'land grabbing,' or taking over agricultural land used by local communities through exploitative practices and using it for large-scale commercial export farming … in five sub-Saharan African countries, including Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe." The revelation made international headlines, with coverage in The Guardian, and led to student protests on campus in 2012. By 2013, Vanderbilt administrators had caved in to the public outcry and divested from EMVest.
    In 2015, Vanderbilt opened a new innovation center, the Wond'ry, as part of its Academic Strategic Plan.The three-story, 13,000-square foot building is meant to serve as an interdisciplinary hub of knowledge for the Vanderbilt community, serving as the location of hackathons, partnerships with the Nashville Entrepreneurship Center, and several social venture programs. Robert Grajewski, former president of Edison Nation Medical, a health care innovation incubator, and co-founder of Heritage Handcrafted and PRO-Techs Antimicrobial, will be the center's inaugural executive director. The four key programs at the center are the Innovation Garage, Social Entrepreneurship, Innovation Culture, and Entrepreneur Pre-Flight
    1979年，范德堡大學(xué)收購了博地大學(xué)，然后被稱為喬治-博迪學(xué)院教師，居住在臨近大學(xué)的53英畝土地上。上世紀(jì)80年代初，范德堡大學(xué)在IPO之前曾是美國矯正公司的財(cái)務(wù)支持者。
    2002年，這所大學(xué)決定重新命名南方紀(jì)念廳，這是位于博地迪校區(qū)的一個(gè)宿舍紀(jì)念大廳。在全國范圍內(nèi)引起了關(guān)注，部分原因是由于聯(lián)邦政府的女兒們在田納西州的一章中提起了訴訟。戴維森縣2003年大法官法院駁回了訴訟，但田納西上訴法院裁定2005年5月，大學(xué)必須支付賠償金根據(jù)邦聯(lián)的美國女兒的現(xiàn)值的貢獻(xiàn)如果軸承的銘文的名字南方紀(jì)念館從建筑中刪除或修改。上訴法院的判決受到了法律學(xué)者的批評。2005年7月下旬，該大學(xué)宣布，盡管已正式更名為這棟樓，所有大學(xué)的出版物和辦公室都將其命名為紀(jì)念館，但這所大學(xué)既不會對此事提起上訴，也不會移除銘文，并支付賠償金。2016年8月，該大學(xué)同意在匿名捐贈者捐贈120萬美元以償還聯(lián)盟的聯(lián)合女兒后，將聯(lián)盟一詞從大樓中移除。
    2009年，范德堡制定了一項(xiàng)無貸款政策。該政策規(guī)定，任何獲得入學(xué)許可的學(xué)生和基于需求的援助計(jì)劃都將獲得一個(gè)不包括學(xué)生貸款的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。奧克蘭理工學(xué)院，2011年奧克蘭，加利福尼亞的智囊團(tuán)，暴露的范德堡大學(xué)的2600萬美元投資在emv資產(chǎn)管理、私人股本公司被控侵占土地或接管農(nóng)業(yè)用地通過剝削當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)實(shí)踐和使用大規(guī)模商業(yè)出口農(nóng)業(yè)…五個(gè)撒哈拉以南非洲國家，包括莫桑比克、南非、斯威士蘭、贊比亞和津巴布韋。這一消息在衛(wèi)報(bào)的報(bào)道中引起了國際媒體的關(guān)注，并在2012年引發(fā)了校園抗議活動。到2013年，范德堡堡的行政人員已經(jīng)屈服于公眾的抗議，并從EMVest剝離。
    2015年，范德堡大學(xué)開設(shè)了一個(gè)新的創(chuàng)新中心——世界大學(xué)，作為其學(xué)術(shù)戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃的一部分。這個(gè)三層樓高的3萬平方英尺的建筑旨在成為范德堡大學(xué)社區(qū)的跨學(xué)科知識中心，作為黑客松的所在地，納什維爾創(chuàng)業(yè)中心合作以及一些社會風(fēng)險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目。Robert Grajewski是愛迪生國家醫(yī)療公司的前總裁，他是醫(yī)療保健創(chuàng)新孵化器也是傳統(tǒng)手工制作和技術(shù)的抗菌藥物的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人，他將成為該中心的執(zhí)行主任。中心的四個(gè)關(guān)鍵項(xiàng)目是創(chuàng)新車庫、社會企業(yè)家精神、創(chuàng)新文化、企業(yè)家。
    >>>請繼續(xù)閱讀第2頁為范德堡大學(xué)教研優(yōu)勢的詳細(xì)介紹。