在我們印象中，工程師都是男性，事實(shí)也確實(shí)如此，女性工程師所占比例非常小。美國(guó)重視培養(yǎng)工程師，并鼓勵(lì)女性當(dāng)工程師。出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)(www.liuxue86.com)給大家分享美國(guó)是如何看待工程師職業(yè)的，又是如何鼓勵(lì)培養(yǎng)女性工程師的。
    Not enough American students want to beengineers, mathematicians, or scientists. The Obamaadministration wants to change that. They arespending money to do it. The government will investthree billion dollars in the education of youngAmericans in science, technology, engineering, andmath. The four areas together are known as STEM.
    想成為工程師、數(shù)學(xué)家或科學(xué)家的美國(guó)學(xué)生并不多，奧巴馬政府希望能改變這一現(xiàn)狀，并對(duì)此投入資金。政府將投資30億美元用于美國(guó)年輕一代在科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)方面的教育，這四個(gè)領(lǐng)域被稱作STEM。
    Many jobs in the STEM fields will open in the coming years. The U.S. government's investmentaims to increase the number of Americans who can take those jobs.Yet girls appear far less interested in STEM subjects than boys. Only 25 percent of STEMstudents are girls.
    STEM領(lǐng)域的很多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)將在未來(lái)幾年開(kāi)放，美國(guó)政府投資的目標(biāo)是增加能從事這類崗位的美國(guó)人數(shù)量。但女孩們對(duì)STEM科目的興趣遠(yuǎn)不如男孩，只有25%的STEM學(xué)生是女孩。
    Camsie McAdams is at the U.S. Education Department. She says girls simply do not feelwelcomed in STEM subjects. Ms. McAdams says young women look at industries such asengineering and computer science and see most of the leaders are men.
    麥克亞當(dāng)斯就職于美國(guó)教育部，她說(shuō)女孩們不過(guò)是感覺(jué)自己在STEM科目中不受歡迎，麥克亞當(dāng)斯說(shuō)年輕女性一看工程和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)等行業(yè)，發(fā)現(xiàn)其領(lǐng)軍人物多為男性。
    "We, as women, want to have people that look like us, people that we can relate to. A lot oftimes what distracts people from entering the field, or, even when they get the degree, keepsthem from wanting to work in the field, is because they don't feel welcomed."
    “作為女人，我們希望能接觸到同類人，在很多情況下，導(dǎo)致人們離開(kāi)一個(gè)領(lǐng)域，或者即使獲得了學(xué)位也希望不在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域工作的原因，是因?yàn)樗齻兏杏X(jué)自己不受歡迎?！?BR>    Debbie Sterling is an engineer. She invented a construction toy for girls. The name of the toyis "Goldie Blox." Ms. Sterling hopes Goldie Blox will help girls develop spatial skills. Spatial skillshelp engineers and builders to think about objects in three dimensions.
    黛比·斯特林是名工程師，她為女孩子發(fā)明了一種構(gòu)造玩具，名字叫Goldie Blox，斯特林希望這種玩具能幫助女孩們開(kāi)發(fā)空間技能。空間技能幫助工程師和建筑師思考三維中的物體。
    To interest girls, Sterling created the character "Goldie." Goldie does not care about beauty orclothes. Goldie tells stories, solves difficult problems and creates pretend worlds.
    為了讓女孩們感興趣，斯特林創(chuàng)造了Goldie這個(gè)角色，Goldie不在乎美麗或衣物，她會(huì)講故事，解決難題，并開(kāi)發(fā)虛擬世界。
    Mia is a seven-year-old girl who likes science. In her room, she has no fashion dolls. Instead,she has a pegboard, wheels, blocks and an inventor's journal to write her observations.Mia received a set of Goldie Blox from her grandmother. She learned to make a machine withthe blocks.
    米亞是個(gè)喜歡科學(xué)的7歲女孩，在她的房間里，她沒(méi)有時(shí)尚的玩具，相反，她有構(gòu)圖板、輪子、積木，以及一本記錄自己觀察所得的發(fā)明者日記。米亞從祖母那么得到一套Goldie Blox，她學(xué)習(xí)用這些積木制造機(jī)器。
    "When my grandmother first sent me the present, a spinning machine, I was really excited. Iknew it had to do with engineering, so I grabbed the box and opened it. Then I went for more -- I went to the web site; I went on YouTube to find more videos. My mom asked me why I wasjust watching videos instead of building. I told her I didn't have enough pieces. She got me thebuilder survival kit."
    “祖母給我的第一套玩具是紡紗機(jī)，我很開(kāi)心。我知道它和工程有關(guān)，所以我抓住盒子打開(kāi)了它。然后我上網(wǎng)找更多東西，我上YouTube找更多視頻。我媽媽問(wèn)我為何我會(huì)看視頻，而不是動(dòng)手做。我告訴她我沒(méi)有足夠的積木，她給我買了一套建筑師工具套裝?！?BR>    Experts say parents should do more than just buy toys to interest their girls in STEM subjects.They should also provide a good education. At school, girls should participate in projects thatrequire teamwork and creative thinking.
    專家稱父母?jìng)儾粦?yīng)該僅僅給STEM科目中的女孩們買玩具，還應(yīng)該提供良好的教育。在學(xué)校里，女孩們應(yīng)參加需要團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和創(chuàng)造性思維的項(xiàng)目。
    Women in scientific and technical jobs are also working to encourage young women toexplore STEM. One is Anu Tewary. She studied Applied Physics and worked for technologycompanies. After she had a daughter, she started Technovation Challenge. The challenge is aninternational competition for young women from 10 to 18 years old.
    從事科學(xué)和技術(shù)工作的女性也鼓勵(lì)年輕女性探索STEM學(xué)科。Anu Tewary就是其中一個(gè)，她攻讀了應(yīng)用物理學(xué)后在科技公司就職。有了女兒之后，她創(chuàng)辦了“技術(shù)創(chuàng)新挑戰(zhàn)”。該挑戰(zhàn)是一項(xiàng)面向10到18歲女孩的國(guó)際競(jìng)賽。
    Technovation offers girls the opportunity to learn how to start a company and become high-tech entrepreneurs. Since 2009, over 2,500 girls from 28 countries have developed 650 mobilephone applications. They learned to launch start-up companies through Technovation.
    There's a good chance that soon, more young women using mobile phones will also bedeveloping programs for them.
    I'm Anne Ball.
    “技術(shù)創(chuàng)新”挑戰(zhàn)為女孩學(xué)習(xí)開(kāi)辦公司并成為高科技企業(yè)家提供了機(jī)會(huì)，自2009年以來(lái)，來(lái)自28個(gè)國(guó)家的2500多名女孩開(kāi)發(fā)了650個(gè)移動(dòng)手機(jī)應(yīng)用。她們通過(guò)“技術(shù)創(chuàng)新”挑戰(zhàn)學(xué)會(huì)了如何開(kāi)辦創(chuàng)業(yè)公司。
    也許過(guò)不了多久，會(huì)有更多使用手機(jī)的年輕女性為自己開(kāi)發(fā)程序。
    我是安娜·博爾。