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a great/good many: a large number of許多。修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙,我有很多事要做。
若復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有限定詞或其修飾的為代詞時,應(yīng)加of .
①A great many of the books have been sold out. 已經(jīng)賣了很多書了。
②A great many of them are out of work.他們很多人失業(yè)了。
able(可以的,有能力的,可能的)
①He is an able man.那人本事不小。
enable(v)使……能
②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我們要多學(xué)知識以便能面對各種困難。
disable:有殘疾的,不能干的;the disabled表示一類人(殘疾人)
able作詞輟時
①可以……的,值得……的(有被動含義)
eatable可食用的,measurable可以測量、估計的;readable可讀的
②其他含義:conformable舒適的、安逸的;suitable 合適的,恰當(dāng)?shù)?BR> above,over,on
三個詞都可以表示―在……上―,但用法不同。On表示與某物體表面接觸;over表示在某物體垂直的上方,含―布滿、覆蓋、跨越‖之意,與under 相對;above表示位置高于,但不一定垂直,與below相對。注意:與數(shù)字、數(shù)量、長度詞連用時,多用over,同more than。如:over10,000people一萬多人;表示年
齡、刻度多用above,如a man above fifty五十開外的人;above zero零度以上。
習(xí)慣用語:well above average遠(yuǎn)在一般以上;above sea-level海拔以上;the one above上面的一個;above all首先,尤其重要的是;over there 那邊; all over 遍及;over again 再一遍;over and over
再三地
[應(yīng)用]介詞填空
①There lay an umbrella_______the table and some raincoats _____it.
②The mother held an umbrella______the boy’s head so that the sun wouldn’t burn him.
③ There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying____the city.
④The moon was______the trees in the east.
Key:①on,under ②over ③over ④above
above all 首先,特別是,最重要的是
after all 到底,畢竟
at all (用來加強(qiáng)語氣)與not連用,表示―一點(diǎn)也不,完全不‖。
in all 總共
all but 幾乎,差點(diǎn)沒(=almost,nearly)
①We have all but finished the work.
②The day turned out fine after all.
③Children need many things ,but above all they need love.
④He wasn’t at all tired.
⑤Do you feel ill at all(真的,確實(shí))?
⑥There were twenty in all at the party.
accident/event/ incident
event一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然發(fā)生的事故,特別是不幸的、有損害性的事故。incident相對于accident來說,顯得不很重要,指―小事件‖,它還可以用來表示―事變‖,如叛亂、爆炸等。
如:
The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events.廣播員正在播報時事新聞。
He was badly injured in the traffic accident.在那起交通事故中,他嚴(yán)重受傷。
There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the conductor.那輛公共汽車上發(fā)生了一件事,
有個人和售票員打了起來。
Have you heard of Xi’an Incident?你聽說過―西安事變‖嗎?
admit vt.①接納,許可……進(jìn)入(allow sb./sth.to enter)
He was admitted to the school this year.Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school
every year.
②承認(rèn),后可接名詞,doing、從句或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
I admit my fault.She admitted having read the letter.He admitted that his comprehension was
weak.You must admit the task to be difficult.
advice建議;勸告。是不可數(shù)名詞,―一條建議‖應(yīng)用a piece of advice。常用結(jié)構(gòu)。
give sb.advice(on)/give advice給某人提(關(guān)于……的)建議;忠告某人。
ask(sb.)for advice征求(某人的)意見。
①M(fèi)arx gave us some good advice on how to learn a foreign language.關(guān)于如何學(xué)好外語,馬克思
給我們提了些好建議。
②If you take /follow my advice,you’ll pass the exam.如果你聽從我的建議,你會考試及格的。
③Let’s ask our teacher for some advice.咱們征求一下老師的意見吧。
admire(= respect / praise)vt.羨慕,欽佩,夸獎
admire sb.(for sth.)佩服某人某事
Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum.
去北京的游人極其羨慕我們的故宮。
I admire him for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧。
別忘了夸獎孩子。
對比:envy(= jealous)vt.嫉妨,羨慕
envy sb.(sth.)嫉妒/羨慕某人某事
We all envy you your good future.
我們都很羨慕你的好運(yùn)。
advise sb. to do sth.建議某人做某事(suggest不這樣用)。
①I advise you to take the chance.我建議你抓住機(jī)會。
②—What do you advise me to do?你建議我怎么辦?
—I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我勸你不要灰心,繼續(xù)干。
advise 還可同suggest一樣,后接名詞、代詞、動名詞(短語)和that從句(用虛擬語氣)作賓語。
①—What would you advise?你有什么建議嗎?
—I advise you an early start我建議你早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。
②I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建議召開一次會議來討論這個問題。
③I advise you (should) go to once.我建議你馬上去。
advise ,persuade
persuade sb. to do sth.意為―說服某人做某事‖,強(qiáng)調(diào)勸說成功,說服;advise sb. to do sth. 意為―勸
說某人做某事‖,不涉及勸說是否有效,相當(dāng)于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。如:
The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.醫(yī)生說服我爸爸戒了煙。
The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed.
醫(yī)生勸我爸爸戒煙,但沒成功。
advise; suggest
advise 與suggest 都可作―建議‖講,二者用法有同有異。
(1)相同點(diǎn)
表示建議做某事,advise與suggest都可采用下列三種句型:
① + 名詞
② + 動名詞
③ + that從句(從句中常用should加動詞原形,should可以省略。)
eg. He advised/ suggested an early start.
He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.
He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.
(注:只要是用從句表示建議該做的事,從句中就可用―should+動詞原形‖,should可以省略。)上面
的第三句可轉(zhuǎn)化為:
It was suggested that we (should) start early.
What he suggested was that we(should) start early.
His suggestion was that we (should) start early.
(2)不同點(diǎn)
①advise后可以跟人稱代詞作賓語,而suggest后不可以跟人稱代詞作賓語。故可以說:
advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that...
前三種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可將advise改為suggest,如:
他建議我們?nèi)⒂^博物館。
[正]He advised us to go to visit the museum.
[誤]He suggested us to go to visit the museum.
[誤]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.
②suggest還有―暗示、表明、說、指出(一個事實(shí))‖的意思。此時從句中用陳述語氣,不用虛擬語
氣。如:
The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.
Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陳
述了一個事實(shí),故用陳述語氣。)比較:
Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be
operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建議該做某事,從句中用should加動詞原形,should在從
句中省略。)
affect(=have an effect on sth.)vt.影響(effect n.影響)
This may affect your health.
這或許會影響你的健康。
My throat is always affected by bad weather.
我的嗓子總是受惡劣天氣的影響。
afraid
1)―be afraid of+名詞‖,意為―害怕‖。
2)―be afraid of doing sth‖意為―擔(dān)心,害怕……‖。
3)―be afraid for…‖意為―為……擔(dān)心。‖
4)―be afraid that…‖意為―擔(dān)心,恐怕‖。
5)―be afraid to do ‖意為―害怕,擔(dān)心而不敢做某事‖。
6)I’m afraid so/not.恐怕是這樣/恐怕不會這樣
[應(yīng)用]完成句子
①女孩子一般都怕蛇。
Girls are usually______ _____snakes.
②他怕把杯子打碎,因而很小心。
He was careful because he was afraid______ _____the glass.
③你不為自己的安全擔(dān)心嗎?
Are you afraid_______your safety?
④恐怕她會迷路。
I am _____ _____she will lose her way.
⑤湯姆把錢丟了,也不敢告訴他母親。
Tom lost the money and was afraid________ ______his mother.
Key:①afraid,of ②of,breaking ③for ④afraid,that ⑤to tell
again and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地
The old man thinks of his happy past again and again.
這位老人再三地想起他幸福的過去。
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