背景知識(shí)：郵票的來歷
    郵票的來歷
    我們知道，貼上郵票的信件，就像擁有了一張通行證，可以暢通無阻地傳遞到世界各地了。在郵票發(fā)明以前，收信人要付錢給郵遞員作為郵費(fèi)，可一些人經(jīng)常付不起錢，讓郵遞員白辛苦一趟，把信退回去。后來有個(gè)叫羅蘭?希爾的人建議政府印一些郵票，由寄信人購買郵票貼在信封上作為郵資已付的憑證。從此，就產(chǎn)生了郵票。
    1840年，在羅蘭?希爾的提議和促進(jìn)下，世界上第一枚郵票正式發(fā)行，郵票的圖案為英國維多利亞女王側(cè)面浮雕像，面值1便士，用黑色印刷，被人們稱之為“黑便士”的郵票。這枚郵票一直沿用了40年之久，這在郵票史上也是不多見的。
    郵戳的用途：蓋過郵戳的郵票是喜歡集郵的朋友非常珍貴的收藏品。郵戳除了具有紀(jì)念意義外，細(xì)心的小朋友還能發(fā)現(xiàn)什么呢?看一看，原來上面有日期和地點(diǎn)，我們知道了，信是什么時(shí)間寄出的，從哪里發(fā)過來的。每一張郵票只能用一次, 所以蓋過郵戳的郵票也就不能再用了。
    齒孔郵票是誰發(fā)明的：1854年，英國發(fā)行了第一枚帶有齒孔的郵票，方便了以前用剪刀把整張郵票一枚一枚剪開的麻煩。這是一個(gè)叫享利的人偶爾看到一位記者用別針在郵票的空隙間扎孔，他得到啟示，回到家后制作了郵票打孔機(jī)，以后被正式采用。
    拓展閱讀：
    Music in America
    Music is an international language. The songs that are sung or played by instruments are beautiful to all people everywhere.
    Popular music in America is what every student likes. Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class, after class and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.
    Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people. Most of the radio broadcast is music.
    Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state. Once the popular singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes. Some of them money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national star.
    There are other kinds of music that is important to Americans. One is called folk music. It tells stories about the common life of Americans. Another is called western or country music. This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching. Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.
    客觀題：
    1、How many kinds of music are mentioned in the passage?
    A. Four B. Three C. Five D. Six
    2、How can a singer become a national star according to the passage?
    A、When he has made much money
    B、After he makes a CD or tape
    C、Once the singer is heard throughout the country
    D、After young people meet him of her
    3、The writer of the passage thinks_______.
    A、 popular music is what everyone enjoys
    B、 when music is played ,it seems as if it were speaking to us
    C、 music is so popular throughout the world that everyone spends much money on it
    D、 music is an international language because everyone can enjoy the songs that are sung or played by instruments
    4、What does young people usually like?
    5、What kind of language does music like?
    答案：
    1. B
    解析：文章第四段介紹了一種音樂，由第五段的one……another……可知還有兩種音樂。所以文中共提到了三種音樂形式。
    2. C
    解析：文中第四段給出了成為全國知名的明星的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。C選項(xiàng)與之相符。
    3. D
    解析：選項(xiàng)D與文中第一段所述相符，音樂是世界語言，音樂無國界。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)拼湊文中詞語而來，均有失實(shí)之處，出題者用了“擴(kuò)大范圍”、“移花接木”、“偷換概念”等方式制造了干擾選項(xiàng)。
    4. Pop music
    解析：文中第二段講述了美國學(xué)生喜歡流行音樂。
    5. Music is an international language.
    解析：根據(jù)文中第一段所述，音樂是國際語言，語言不通的人之間，也可以通過音樂交流。
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